http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
미혼 흡연여성들의 불안, 우울 및 자아존중감이 흡연양 및 니코틴 의존도에 미치는 영향
김옥수,김애정,김선화,백성희 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.4
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of anxiety depression and self-esteem on the amount of smoking and nicotine dependency among woman smokers. Method: The convenience sample consisted of 121 unmarried woman smokers. The STAI, the CES-D Scale, the Self-Esteem scale and the FTQ were utilized to measure the level of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and nicotine dependency. The amount of smoking was calculated based on the number of cigarette used. Results: Results indicated that woman smokers were depressed. Nicotine dependency was relatively low. Subjects had smoked a mean of 9.58 cigarettes per day. The level of depression influenced on smoking and nicotine dependency. Self-esteem influenced on the amount of smoking and anxiety influenced on nicotine dependency. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the amount of smoking of unmarried woman smokers was very high. Both the amount of smoking and nicotine dependency were affected by levels of depression. Education programs and campaigns are needed to prevent smoking of young adult women.
( Hee Sun Kim ),( Su Jung Baik ),( Kyung Hee Kim ),( Cho Rong Oh ),( Jung Hyun Lee ),( Wan Jae Jo ),( Hye Kyoung Kim ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Min Jung Kim ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.5
Background/Aims: In South Korea, health check-ups are readily accessible to the public. We aimed to compare the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal (GI) and lower GI diseas-es in Korean Americans and native Koreans to determine dif-ferences and risk factors. Methods: In total, 1,942 subjects who visited Gangnam Severance Hospital from July 2008 to November 2010 for a health check-up were enrolled. Basic characteristics and laboratory data for the subjects were col-lected. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy were performed. In total, 940 Korean Americans (group 1) and 1,002 native Koreans (group 2) were enrolled. Results: The overall prevalence of GI diseases for each group (group 1 vs group 2) were as follows: reflux esophagitis (RE) (9.65% vs 7.9%), gastric ulcer (2.8% vs 3.4%), duodenal ulcer (2.3% vs 3.6%), gastric cancer (0.4% vs 0.3%), colorectal polyp (35.9% vs 35.6%), colorectal cancer (0.5% vs 0.5%), and hemor-rhoids (29.4% vs 21.3%). The prevalence of hemorrhoids was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (p=0.001). In the multivariable analysis of group 1, male sex, age over 50 years, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia predicted colorectal polyps. Male sex and high fasting glu-cose levels were associated with RE. Conclusions: Our study showed that the prevalence of GI diseases (except hemor-rhoids) in Korean Americans was similar to that observed in native Koreans. Therefore, the Korean guidelines for upper and lower screening endoscopy may be applicable to Korean Americans. (Gut Liver 2013;7:539-545)
선별 대장내시경 검사를 시행한 한국인 14,932명에서 대장 샘종 유병률과 위험 요인 분석
김희선 ( Hee Sun Kim ),백수정 ( Su Jung Baik ),김경희 ( Kyung Hee Kim ),오초롱 ( Cho Rong Oh ),이상인 ( Sang In Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2013 대한소화기학회지 Vol.62 No.2
목적: 대장암 예방을 위해서는 대장폴립을 조기 발견하여 제거하는 것이 가장 중요하다. 대장암의 선별 검사는 평균 위험군에서 50세 이상부터 시작할 것을 권고한다. 최근 50세 미만연령층에서도 대장 폴립의 빈도가 높아지고 있다. 이번 연구에서는 대장암의 전암병변인 대장 샘종의 각 연령별 빈도와 연관된 위험요인에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2006년 7월부터 2012년 1월까지 강남세브란스 병원 건강증진센터를 내원하여 대장내시경검사를 시행한 수검자 14,932명을 대상으로 단면연구를 시행하였다. 결과: 대장 폴립과 샘종의 유병률은 각각 34.6%와 25.3%였다. 대장 샘종의 연령별 유병률은 각각 3.2% (30대 미만), 13.0% (30대), 21.7% (40대), 33.8% (50대), 44.0% (60대), 50.5% (70대), 54.2% (80대 이상)로 증가 추세였다. 대장 샘종과 연관된 위험요인은 남성(OR 2.38, 95% CI 2.084-2.718), 대변잠혈검사 양성(2.266, 1.761-2.917), Helicobacter pylori IgG 양성(1.253, 1.114-1.409), 그리고 고중성지방혈증(1.267, 1.065-1.508)이었다. 연령 요인은 30대를 기준 연령으로 했을 때 OR은 각각 0.195 (30대 미만), 1.634 (40대), 2.954 (50대), 5.159 (60대), 5.640 (70대), 11.020 (80세 이상)이었고, 95% CI는 각각 0.071-0.536, 1.34-1.992, 2.421-3.604, 4.109-6.476, 3.822-8.322, 그리고 2.809-42.234으로 의미있었다. 결론: 대장 샘종의 유병률은 연령 증가에 따라 높아졌고 30대미만은 다른 연령대에 비하여 대장 샘종의 방어인자였다. 남성, 혈청 anti H. pylori IgG 양성, 대변잠혈검사 양성, 고중성 지방혈증은 대장 샘종과의 연관 요인으로 나타났다. Background/Aims: Current international guidelines recommend colorectal cancer screening for average-risk people over 50 years of age. Accordingly, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of colorectal neoplasms in all age groups and evaluate associated risk factors. Methods: Data of 14,932 subjects who underwent colonoscopy from July 2006 to January 2012 at Health Promotion Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital (Seoul, Korea) as part of a health check-up were reviewed retrospectively. Results: The overall prevalence of colorectal neoplasms and adenoma were 34.6% and 25.3%, respectively. Colorectal adenoma was found in 3.2%, 13.0%, 21.7%, 33.8%, 44.0%, 50.5%, and 54.2% of subjects under 30 years, 30-39 years, 40 49 years, 50-59 years, 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and over 80 years of age (trend p<0.0001). Independent predictors of colorectal adenoma included male gender (OR 2.38, 95% CI 2.084-2.718), positive occult blood (2.266, 1.761-2.917), positive serology of Helicobacter pylori (1.253, 1.114-1.409) and hypertriglyceremia (1.267, 1.065-1.508). Compared to the 30-39 years of age reference group, the ORs for each age group were 0.195 (under 30 years), 1.634 (40-49 years), 2.954 (50 59 years), 5.159 (60-69 years), 5.640 (70-79 years), 11.020 (over 80 years), while the 95% CIs were 0.071-0.536 (under 30 years), 1.340-1.992 (40-49 years), 2.421-3.604 (50-59 years), 4.109-6.476 (60-69 years), 3.822-8.322 (70-79 years), and 2.809-42.234 (over 80 years). Conclusions: Colorectal adenoma prevalence increased proportionally with age. Only subjects under the age of 30 years had a definitely lower prevalence of colorectal adenoma. Male gender, positive occult blood, positive serology of H. pylori, and hypertriglyceremia were associated risk factors of colorectal adenoma. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2013; 62:104-110)
Kim, Un Jeong,Lee, IL Ha,Bae, Jung Jun,Lee, Sangjin,Han, Gang Hee,Chae, Seung Jin,Gü,neş,, Fethullah,Choi, Jun Hee,Baik, Chan Wook,Kim, Sun Il,Kim, Jong Min,Lee, Young Hee WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.23 No.33
<P>Direct integration of vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNTs) patterns on a graphene layer combined with a liquid crystal cell can be utilized as an optical array. The hybrid structures have high transparency and conductivity and, as reported by Sun IL Kim, Jong Min Kim, Young Hee Lee, and co‐workers, clear diffraction patterns are obtained by modulating an external electric field. </P>
백희선 漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 1985 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.3
Red pepper is one of the world-wide used spices. Especially the Korean (2.5~25 mg/day) of capsaicin which is the pungent essence of red pepper is. In this paper, I investigated the effect of red pepper and capsaicin on rat digestive tract to conform the physiological effect of excess intake of red pepper and capsaicin on a living orgnisms. As a result of sequential experiments, it was found that mucosa of epithelial cells in the small intestine were reduced by excess intake of red pepper powder and digestive movements were inhibited by capsaicin at stomach and small intestine. Finally, these phenomena were indentified by Scanning Electron Microscopic observations.
Impact of Visceral Fat on the Postprandial Triglyceride Clearance after Ingestion of Fast Food
( Hee Chul Yu ),( Dal Sik Kim ),( Baik Hwan Cho ),( Seon Hyeong Kim ),( Mi Jin Jeong ),( Haeng Sun Kim ),( Ju Sin Kim ),( Mi Kyung Moon ),( Wan Ki Yoon ),( Ji Hoon Jung ),( Hwa Ok Kim ) 한국정맥경장영양학회 2010 한국정맥경장영양학회 학술대회집 Vol.2010 No.-
Background: The exaggerated postprandial lipemia is an important stimulus for atherogenic disease progression because delayed removal of blood-borne triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins encourages direct deposition of lipoprotein remnants on the arterial wall and increases the likelihood that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol will undergo disease-accelerating oxidative modification. Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the impact of visceral fat on postprandial TG clearance in non-diabetic Korean men. Design: Fifty-one men (mean age: 47 years) referring to the same occupational district, not on hypolipidemic drugs and without any other chronic disease, performed multiple TG profile (at 8 hours-fasting, and every 30min after breakfast for 8 hours) after ingestion of fast food (Big Mac, French fries, and Coca-Cola). The visceral fat (VF) measured by abdominal computed tomography. Results: TG values (mg/dl) were 124.2 (low visceral fat group, VF < 130 cm2) and 179.4 (high visceral fat group, VF > 130 cm2) at fasting (p=0.005), peak TG values were 265.3 vs. 349.6 (p=0.02) and reached at 4-4.5h after breakfast, and area under curve (AUC) were 1514 vs. 2929 8h after meal. Remnant lipoprotein-cholesterol values (mg/dL) were 26.1 vs. 35.6 (p=0.007) at fasting, and 29.3 vs. 39.6 (p=0.006) at 3.5h after meal. Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL), and insulin levels (pmol/L) were 97 vs. 112 (p=0.004), and 36.7 vs. 58.2 (p=0.004). Glucose and insulin AUC 8h after meal were 823 vs. 957.9 (p=0.013) and 118.4 vs. 225.1 (p=0.000). And Log HOMA_insulin resistance were 0.03 vs. 0.27 (p=0.01). Conclusions: We observed persistence of elevated TG level in the blood after ingestion of a high-fat test meal. The increments are directly determined by fasting TG level and the amount of visceral fat. Fasting TG level seems the major nutritional determinant of postprandial TG clearance.
Baik, Keun Sik,Kim, Mi Sun,Lee, Ji Hee,Lee, Sang Suk,Im, Wan-Taek,Seong, Chi Nam International Union of Microbiological Societies 2014 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.64 No.12
<P>A non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain 02SUJ3<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from freshwater collected from the Juam Reservoir (Republic of Korea). Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. The major fatty acids were iso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB>, iso-C<SUB>15 : 1</SUB> G and iso-C<SUB>17 : 0</SUB> 3-OH. The strain contained MK-7 as the major isoprenoid quinone. The main polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 46.4 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 02SUJ3<SUP>T</SUP> forms an independent lineage within the genus <I>Flavisolibacter</I> with low sequence similarity to <I>Flavisolibacter ginsengiterrae</I> Gsoil 492<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>Flavisolibacter ginsengisoli</I> Gsoil 643<SUP>T</SUP> (95.7 %). Phenotypic characteristics distinguished strain 02SUJ3<SUP>T</SUP> from members of the genus <I>Flavisolibacter</I>. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain 02SUJ3<SUP>T</SUP> is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name <I>Flavisolibacter</I> <I>rigui</I> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 02SUJ3<SUP>T</SUP> ( = JCM 17515<SUP>T</SUP> = KCTC 23328<SUP>T</SUP>). An emended description of the genus <I>Flavisolibacter</I> is also provided.</P>
Baik, In-Su,Choi, Ju-Hwan,Jung, Byoung-Sun,Jeon, Sang-Youn,Song, Eun-Kyoung,Lee, Seung-Hee The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2006 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.7 No.1
We have studied the motion of charged micro-particles that are immersed in a nematic liquid crystal (LC) and controlled by in-plane field. The LC is an anisotropic liquid such that the viscosity of the LC depends on flow direction, phase of the LC, and temperature, which affects the motion of the charged particles under the influence of electric field. This study shows that the motion of charged particles mainly depends on the applied voltage and the LC phase, but does not show any significant influence from the initial alignment of LC, although one may expect directional difference in drag force due to interaction between LC and particle. The viscosity changes due to temperature variations in nematic phase also show no signification influence on particle velocity when compared to the effect from varying in-plane field strength.