사설시조에 나타난 '연애걸기'의 양상과 그 의미 : <만횡청류>를 중심으로

신윤경 이화어문학회 2008 이화어문논집 Vol.26 No.-

우리 사회에서 ‘연애’라는 단어는 1920년대에 들어 ‘신성한 사랑’의 의미가 강한 어휘로 쓰다가 현대에 이르러서는 그 성격이 다시 달라졌다. 또한 ‘연애’는 사람살이의 여러 관계 중에서도 남녀가 서로 관계망을 형성하고 있을 때 유의미하다. 사랑은 정신적인 면에서 일방적일 수 있으나 연애걸기는 이와달리 적극적인 행동의 실천으로 이어지며 상호적인 관계를 지향한다. 오늘날 한국사회에서 ‘연애’는 일반적으로 남녀가 서로의 열정을 바탕으로 하여 일정기간 만나는 일을 지칭한다. 게다가 ‘연애’의 의미는 현대사회에서 신의가 바탕이 된 남녀의 만남을 뜻하는 ‘사랑’과는 달리 오히려 뒷일을 책임질 필요 없는, 즐기기 위한 만남을 의미하기도 한다. 사설시조에 나타나는 남녀 사이의 애정-사랑 문제를 현대적 관점의 ‘연애’로 해석하고 사랑을 희구하는 시적 화자가 상대에게 연애걸기를 시도하는 양상을 보면 화자는 상대를 회유하여 연애걸기 위해 님을 찬양하며, 불가능한 상황을 극복하기 위해 기발한 발상을 떠올리고, 연민을 자아내는 방법으로 연애걸기를 시도하며 금기에 대한 도전으로 닫힌 관습을 깨는 연애걸기를 시도한다. 이는 사설시조에 등장하는 남녀관계의 양상을 ‘남녀애정’ 혹은 ‘사랑’이라는 단일화된 범주로 규정짓는 것에서 한발 나아가 ‘적극적 실천성’을 담보로하는 ‘표현의 극대화’라는 측면과 ‘비현실성-진정성’이 내용과 상황에 공존하고 있다는 이중적인 해석의 지점도 필요하다는 것을 확인할 수 있다. In South Korea, the term "Love" was the word using for sacred love in 1920, but its inner meaning has been changed. In addition, Love is able to contain a sense when male and female are in love within different types of relationship of people. "Making a Move on" include the different concept that can connect with positive act, heading for a mutual relationship, although Love can be transom to some extent. Today, in South Korea society, "Love" generally means a stage that male and female are keeping in the relationship with a passion. Moreover, in modern society, "Love" could imply "physical love"concentrating on bilateral sexual intercourse without any responsibility. Speaker tried to Making a Move on to somebody who want to be in love with, analyzed "Love" with a modernized point of view about affection and love problem in Saseol-sijo, and desired love by praising "Nim", coming up with the idea for overcoming the difficulties, and compelling pity. Those methods with "Making a Move on" directly challenge to a taboo that was closed tradition in society. With respect to the configuration of the term of "Love" or "Affection of Male and Female",it should not be define as in one category. With "Making a Move on", the meaning of "Love" could be extended as a positive act, so it could be consequently analyzed as freedom to love with honesty in the blocked realities of life.

치환된 프로탈로시아닌의 합성 방법 연구

河潤卿,金永寬,孫秉淸,申鉉萬,朴美敬 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The octadodecanoxy derivative of the phthalocyanine which has such long hydrocarbon chains around the skeleton of the phthalocyanine was synthesized. First of all, ortho-catechol was treated with 2 moles of 1-bromododecane to yield ortho-didodecanoxybenzene(I). Second, bromination of I resulted in dibromo-didodecanoxy benzene(II) where the para positions to the dodecanoxy groups were brominated. Finally, reaction of II with an excess of CuCN under an N₂atmosphere gave the intermediate dicyano-didodecanoxy-benzene(III), in situ, and futher heating in dry DMF with more CuCN gave the final product, octadodecanoxy derivative of the phthalocyanine. The synthetic method developed herein provides a general way to synthesize the variety of the phthalocyanines which displays many different substituents such as long hydrocarbons around its skeleton and contains a various metal inside of the phthalocyanine.

기질레진의 조성에 따른 복합레진의 물리적 성질에 관한 연구

이연신,최경구,박상진 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.1

Current composites are made with dimethacrylate monomers and silane-treated silica microfillers, either alone or with silane treated glass fillers. The main reasons for clinical failure of dental composites are secondary caries, wear and fracture. Most of practitioner want to get a composite which is more tougher under occlusal stress, less polymerization contraction, and better handling properties in application clinically. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of resin matrix with various flows on the physical properties such as facture toughness and degree of conversion of the experimental resins. It was hypothesized that flexible or tough resin compoties can be designed by judicious choice of monomer comptosition Various flow resin matrices containing Bis-GMA, UDMA, and TEG-DMA were made by altering the proportion of the monomers. After the unfilled resins were light-cured for different light intensity. the fracture toughness(K_1c) was measured according to ASTM standard using the the single edge notched geometry, and degree of conversion(DC) was measured by FTIR. And experimental composites were formulated with variations in the proportion of silanated quartzz and strontium glass fillers as 60, 75, and 77wt%. Also, the physical properties of composites with various filler contents were evaluated as same manner. All resulting data were compared by ANOVA/Tukeys test at 0.05 level. The results were as follows; 1. The degree of conversion of high flow resin containing less Bis-GMA was higher than that of low flow unfilled resin. 2. While the degree of conversion of unfilled resin was increased according to light intensity for polymerization, there was no significant increase with moderate and high light intensity. Also, the fracture toughness was not increased by high light intensity 3. The fracture toughness was high in the flow unfilled resin containing higher contents of Bis-GMA. 4. There was a significant increase for fracture toughness and a tendency for degree of conversion to be reduced when the content of fillers was increased. 5. In the experimental composites, the flow of resin matrix did not affected on the fracture toughness, even, which was decreased as increase of viscosity. These results showed that the physical properties of a dental composite could be attributed to the flow of resin matrix with relative content of monomers. Specific combination of resin monomers should be designed to fulfill the needs of specific indication for use.

한국형 부모양육스트레스 척도(Parenting Stress Index) 개발을 위한 예비연구

이경숙,염현경,신윤오 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2000 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.11 No.1

요약 : 본 연구는 한국형 부모양육 스트레스 척도를 개발히기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. Abidin의 부모양육 스트레스 검사(Parenting Stress Index)의 적용을 통해 기초연구가 수행되었다. 1차 예비조사는 3~12세 아동의 어머니에게 질문지를 배부하여 382부의 데이타로 요인 분석하였다. 그 결과, 아동영역의 문항 47개 문항 중 29개 문항, 5개 요인이 추출되었고, 부모영역의 문항 54개 문항 중 28개 문항, 5개 요인이 추출되었다. 1차 분석에서 추출된 57개 문항에 대해 2차 예비 조사에서는 만 3~6세 유아의 부모로부터 수집한 392부의 데이타로 재분석하였다. 문항변별도 분석을 위해 내용타당도와 구조타당도를 살펴보았다. 구조타당도를 검증하기 위해 요인분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 아동영역에서는 '부모강화', '수용성', '주의산만성', '요구성'의 4개 요인, 24개 문항이 추출되었다. 아동영역의 전체 공통분산 가운데 설명되는 공통분산은 82.05%로 나타났다. 부모영역에서는 '역할제한', '우울감', '사회적 고립', '건강', '배우자 관계'의 5개 요인, 24개 문항이 추출되었다. 부모영역의 전체 공통분산 가운데 설명되는 공통분산은 82.40%로 나타났다. 척도의 신뢰도 검증을 위해 Cronbach's α 지수를 산출하였는데, 아동영역에서는 전체 신뢰도 α=.81을 나타�o고, 각 요인별로 .69, .70, .67, .66을 나타냈다. 부모영역의 신뢰도 지수는 α.83이며 각 요인별로 .73, .70, .70, .55, .73을 나타냈다. 본 연구는 미국판 PSI 척도를 적용하여 한국에서의 양육 스트레스 척도를 한국문화에 알맞게 개발하기 위한 기초 연구로서 수행되었다. 따라서 추후 국내 문화에 알맞은 문항과 요인을 추가한 2차 연구의 필요성에 대해 논의 하였다. This study was to develop Korean version of Parenting Stress Scale. Primary research was processed thru Abidin's PSI(Parenting Stress Index) scale. For the pilot primary study, distributed questionnaire to the mothers who have three to twelve age children and tried factor analysis with 382 data sheets. At the result, 29 items and 5 factors among the 47 items of child domain, 28 items and 5 factors among the items of parent domain were extracted. At the secondary pilot study survey, reanalyzed the 57 items extracted by primary pilot survey with the 392 data collected from three to six age children's parents. for the item discrimination alaysis, calculated item-total correlation and deleted the items under r=.20. For the validity test, revielved content validity and construct validity. For the verification of construct validity, tried factor analysis. At the result, in child domain area, the our factors, 'Reinforces Parent', 'Acceptability', 'Attention Distractiveness', 'Demandingness' and 24 items were extracted. Among the common variance of child domain, 'explained common variance' was 82.05%. In parent domain area, the five factors, 'Restriction of Role', 'Depression', 'Social Isolation', 'Parent Health', 'Spouse Relationship' and 24 items were extracted. Among the common variance of parent domain, 'explained common dominator' was 82.40%, For the verification of reliability, Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated and in child domain, .69, .70, .67, .66 were produced by each item, respectively and total reliability coefficient was α=.81. Reliability coeffieient of parent domain was .73, .70, .70, .55, .73 by each item, respectively and total reliability coefficient was α=.83. This study was processed as a primary research to develop the Korean version of parent stress scale which is originally from U.S.A. version of PSI and apply it to proper Korean culture. Therefore, the necessity of continuous study was discussed with more localized items and factors. KEY WORDS : PSI(Parenting stress index) · Parenting stress Validity · Reliability.

동일한 시료에 대한 국내 기관간의 STR 분석결과 비교 : STR 유전자좌 분석법의 표준화 설정을 위하여

박종태,신경진,양윤석,우광만,이숭덕,이승환,이정빈,정연보,조승희,한길로,한면수,홍승범 大韓法醫學會 2001 대한법의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

This paper described a collaborative exercise intended to see what kinds of short tandem repeat (STR) loci are used in different DNA typing laboratories in Korea and to compare their results for the demonstration whether uniformity of DNA profiling results from different laboratory could be achieved in Korea Laboratories were asked to test five tissue DNAs using methods routinely used in each laboratory and to report the results to the coordinating laboratory. The exercise demonstrated that each laboratory was using different STR loci for the typing with different STR numbers,2 VNTRS,36 STRs and amelogenin in total, and the direct comparison of the results from all the laboratory for the 18 loci could not be done as only one laboratory submitted typing results. Among 21 loci for which several laboratories submitted typing results, results for 14 loci were the same and results for the other 7 loci were different depending on the participating laboratory. D1S80, F13A01, D16S539, D21S11, D18S51, D3S1744 were the loci with different typing results. Even in the cases where commercial kits were used, the results were not the same depending on the machines used, that is the capillary electrophoresis or the gel based electrophoresis. The reason for the different results, points about the standardization of the methods arid the profiling data were described.

Carrageenan 유도 관절염에 대한 灸律 藥鍼의 진통작용

구성태,신종근,최윤영,송정방,김재효,김경식,손인철 한국전통의학연구소 2006 한국전통의학지 Vol.15 No.1

Objectives: This study was produced to examine the effects of moxibustion that had been played important role to traditional oriental medical treatment on disease. Recently, it was reported that moxi-tar which is generated in the process of moxibustion as burning combustibles decreased nitric oxide(NO) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) generation in cellular experiments. Methods: Carrageenan-induced arthritis rat model was used to test the effect of moxi-tar as a chronic pain model. Diluted moxi-tar was single injected in several acupoints or combined with electroacupuncture (1 ms, 2 Hz, and 2 mA) into contralateral ST36 acupoint for 30 min to assess the synergic effects. After the treatment, behavioral tests measuring stepping force were periodically conducted during the next 12 hours. Endogenous NO and iNOS, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and c-Fos protein expression in the spinal cord were examined on a rat model of carrageenan-induced arthritis. Results : After the induction of arthritis, rats subsequently showed a reduced stepping force of the affected limb for at least the next 4 days. The reduced stepping force of the limb was presumably due to a painful knee, since oral injection of indomethacin produced temporary improvement of weight bearing. Moxi-tar produced significant improvement of stepping force of the hindlimb affected by the arthritis lasting at least 9 hours. The magnitude of this improvement was equivalent to that obtained after an oral injection of 3 mg/kg of indomethacin and this improvement of stepping force was interpreted as an analgesic effect. Moxi-tar produced the improvement of stepping force of the affected hindlimb in a dose-dependent manner. Both NO production and iNOS, COX-2 protein expression increased by arthritis were suppressed by moxi-tar. Moxi-tar on combination with electroacupuncture (EA) produced more powerful and longer lasting improvement of stepping force of the hindlimb affected by the arthritis than either moxi-tar or EA did. Conclusion : The present study suggest that moxi-tar produces a potent analgesic effect on the chronic knee arthritis pain model in the rat and that moxi-tar-induced analgesia modulate endogenous NO through the suppression of iNOS/COX-2 protein expression.

마우스에서 고려홍삼 추출물의 단회 및 반복투여독성 평가

임숙희, 신선희, 장자영, 변상국, 이예은, 박동선, 전정희, 이용경, 이동만, 이세라, 김재승, 황방연, 노재섭, 남상윤, 윤영원, 김윤배 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2005 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.6 No.2

본문참조

관상동맥 혈류의 예비력 측정에서 ATP(Adenosine Triphosphate)와 아데노이신의 비교

김원,탁승제,김한수,신준한,조윤경,최옥경,임경수,최병일 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.6

Effects of Early Childhood Peer Relationships on Adolescent Mental Health: A 6- to 8-Year Follow-Up Study in South Korea

Kyoung Min Shin,Sun-Mi Cho,Yun Mi Shin,박경순 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.4

ObjectiveaaPeer relationships are one of the important factors in children’s development. The present study examines the relationship between the effects of early peer relationships and adolescent psychological adjustment. MethodsaaThe first survey took place from 1998 to 2000, and a follow-up assessment obtained data in 2006, as the original participants reached 13–15 years of age. The first assessment used the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) and simple questions about peer relationships to evaluate the participants. The follow-up assessment administered the Korean Youth Self Report (KYSR). ResultsaaChildren’s peer relationships have longitudinal effects on mental health and adjustment. Children who had qualitative peerrelation problems were more likely to exhibit internalizing problems as adolescents. ConclusionaaChildren who have poor peer relationships might become more vulnerable to emotional problems and social adjustment as adolescents.

태음인 비만환자의 절식요법전후의 골밀도 변화에 대한 임상연구

윤경환 ( Kyoung Hwan Yun ),염승룡 ( Seung Ryong Yeom ),이정훈 ( Joung Hoon Lee ),권영달 ( Young Dal Kwon ),송용선 ( Yong Sun Song ),신병철 ( Byoung Chul Shin ),이수경 ( Soo Kyoung Lee ) 한방재활의학과학회 2002 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Objecitve & Methods : Fasting therapy is adopted for treatment in obesity. But it is reported in some previous studies that improper dieting reduce Bone Mineral Density(BMD) of spines and hips. So the method of clinical studies was designed to investigate BMD of spines with Quantitative Computed Tomography(QCT). This clinical studies have been carried out with the 36 case of the Taeumin obese patients who wanted to fast body weight away in Dept. of Oriental Rehabilitation, Kwang-Ju Oriental Medical Hospital, Won Kwang University from May 1999 to August 2001.Results & Conclusions : Fasting therapy makes the body weight down and BMD down, so it is suggested that weight-bearing exercise and sufficient mineral intake are necessary to keep the BMD from reduction during fasting therapy.