Anatomical distribution and detection rate of colorectal neoplasms according to age in the colonoscopic screening of a Korean population

Suk-young Lee,Wan Hee Song,Sang Cheul Oh,Byung-Wook Min,Sun Il Lee 대한외과학회 2018 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.94 No.1

Purpose: Because data as a basis for the determination of proper age and modality for screening of colorectal neoplasms is lacking, we evaluated detection rates and anatomical distribution of colorectal neoplasms according to age in healthy individuals who underwent total colonoscopy for health checkup. Methods: A total of 16,100 cases that had received the colonoscopic examination from January to December in 2014 were analyzed. The total number of individuals who received total colonoscopy were divided by the number of individuals harboring colorectal adenoma to calculate the detection rate of colorectal adenoma. Individuals ≤50 years old were classified as young-age group and aged >50 were old-age group. Differences in anatomical locations of colorectal neoplasms were analyzed in the 2 age groups by chi-square test. Risk factors for colorectal adenoma in each age group were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: Detection rates of colorectal adenoma were 13.7% in all cases and 12.8% for those in their 40’s. The main anatomical location of colorectal adenoma was proximal colon in both age groups (P < 0.001). Hyperplastic polyp was mainly distributed to the distal colon in both age groups (P < 0.001). Distal colon was the major site for colorectal cancer in the old-age group (P = 0.001). Proximal location of neoplasms was a risk factor for colorectal adenoma in both age groups with multivariate analysis. Conclusion: These data could be the bases for earlier initiation of screening for colorectal neoplasms with total colonoscopy to detect clinically significant colorectal polyps.

工業敎育大學의 實驗實習施設 共同活用 및 運營에 關한 硏究

尹錫天,牟相榮,權五憲,千炳善,周赫鍾,李永臣,金健中,羅聲雄,洪錫雨,吳德成,盧泰天 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1983 論文集 Vol.6 No.2(A)

The College of Engineering was specialized to have a sole function for supplying technical high school teachers in 1977 and referred to as the College of Industrial Education according to the Government's policy. The economic impact mainly due to the oil-crises caused a severe problem to this college, namely discrepancy of supply to demand scale. Accordingly the number of student enrollment was to be fluctuated from 479 in 1979 through 800 in 1979 and 900 in 1980 to 430 in 1981. And the engineering departments have been attached to this Engineering Education College since 1981. These circumstanses met singnificant inefficiency in facility operation. This program aims at providing an overall relocation of the college facilities and preparing the practical system to make the joint-operation possible taking into account circulation, academic stream, budget, maintenance, etc. However this study could not get optimal spacing but some trade-off, considering the current situation.

1960년대 한국영화와 수치심

오영숙(Young Suk Oh) 한국영화학회 2016 영화연구 Vol.0 No.69

이 글의 일차적인 관심사는 수치심이라는 키워드로 1960년대 한국영화에 드러나는 감정과 마음의 풍경을 읽어내는 일이다. 스크린에 빈번하게 등장하는 수사의 양상과 그 형성 조건에 대해 질문함으로써, 명료한 말이나 담론으로는 표현되기 어려운 복합적인 당대의 대중 감정과 사회적 정서를 기술하고자 한다. 이것이 궁극적으로 지향하는 것은 1960년대의 사회적 감정이자 정신이 된다. 수치심은 1960년대 한국영화 전반에 걸쳐 편재적으로 등장한다. 가족드라마나 통속 신파물과 같은 멜로드라마를 비롯하여 청춘영화와 스릴러, 식민지 경험을 다룬 영화, 한국전쟁에 대한 기억을 담은 모더니즘 계열의 영화, 나아가 계몽적 성격의 영화에 이르기까지, 수치심은 다양한 양상과 수위로 검출된다. 1960년대 초반에 수치심이 주로 멜로드라마적 페이소스를 유발하는 장치로 사용되었다면, 1960년대 중후반으로 갈수록 수치의 양상은 부끄러운 자아의 성찰적인 응시라는 문제로 심화되기도 한다. 또한 수치심에 사로잡힌 주체의 회복되기 힘든 심리적 외상이 강조되거나, 죽음 내지 자살과 같은 자기 파멸적인 행로가 전개되는 특징을 보인다. “아버지는 형무소 살이 하다 죽었고 어머니는 갈보였다.” 1960년대의 대표적인 흥행작이었던 청춘영화 〈맨발의 청춘〉(김기덕, 1964)의 이 대사는 이 시기 멜로드라마에 자주 등장하는 수치심의 기원을 함축적으로 제시한다. 1960년대 영화들에서 유난히 부각되는 이 같은 수치심은, 민족적 역사에서 기인하는 집단적인 수치심과 겹쳐지는 면이 있다. 1960년대는 분단 현실이 실감되면서 식민지 경험과 한국전쟁의 의미에 대한 아픈 인식이 공유되던 때이다. 굴욕적인 한일협정은 신생독립국의 종속적 위치에 대한 실감을 전국민적으로 확대시켰다. 수치의 폭로와 전시는 참담한 현실을 개선할 가능성을 꿈꾸던 상상의 산물이며, 궁극적으로는 자기 성찰의 행위가 될 가능성을 갖는다. 1960년대의 혹독한 검열과 규제 때문에, 한국영화의 대부분이 수치의 근원에 대한 사회적 이해보다는 수치심으로 인한 개인의 내적 고통을 보여주는 것에 머물러 있다는 한계를 갖고 있다. 또한 수치의 진짜 원인과의 만남을 가로막고 근본적인 사고를 어렵게 만드는 물신적 내러티브가 구사되기도 한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 1960년대 영화에서 수치심의 궤적은 탈종속적인 국가의 길을 발견하고자했던 집단적 자의식으로 이해될 여지를 갖는다. 그것은 식민지 시기부터 유예되던 주인의식의 실현 가능성을 상상함으로써, 공론장에서는 발언이 제한되던 사회적 외상을 치유하려던 하나의 시도일 수 있다. The primary concern of this paper is to read out the landscape of a emotion and mind revealed in Korean films in the 1960s using the keyword ‘shame’. This writing is intending to describe complex collective emotions and social sentiments of the time, which were difficult to express through clear words, or discourses, by asking about the aspects of rhetoric frequently appearing on the screen, and the formation condition thereof. What it is aiming for ultimately becomes social emotions, and also spirit in the 1960s. The emotion of shame appears ubiquitously across Korean films in the 1960s. Ranging from youth films, thrillers, films addressing colonial experience, films belonging to the series of modernism including memories of the Korean War, further up to the films of enlightening character including melodramas like family dramas, or common tear-jerking dramas, shame is detected in diverse aspects. If we suppose that in the early 1960s, shame was used to mainly arouse melodramatic pathos, however, the aspect of shame more deepened into the problem of introspective staring of shameful ego as well, especially in the mid & late 1960s. Also, the aspect of a shame shows the characteristics that hardly recoverable scars and trauma of a subject seized with shame are more emphasized, and a self-destructive path of one’s life like death and a suicide is developed. “My dad died in prison, and mom used to be a prostitute.” This line from the youth film 〈The Barefooted Young〉(Directed by Kim, Ki-deok, 1964),which was the representative biggest box-office hit in the 1960s, connotatively suggests the origin of shame which frequently appeared in melodramas during this period. The shame like this, which was played up particularly in the films of the 1960s, overlaps with the collective shame attributable to national history in a sense. The 1960s marks the time when painful perception of the meaning of colonial experience and the Korean War was shared among the people with their realization of the reality of Korean division. The humiliating 1965 treaty between Korea and Japan served to expand the realization of a subordinate position of a newly-independent nation across the entire country. The exposure and display of shame are the products of imagination dreaming of the possibility of improving the horrible reality, and ultimately have the possibility of becoming a self-reflexive behavior. Most of the Korean films have limitations in that they remain at a level of showing an individual’s internal pain due to the shame rather than social understanding of the origin of the shame because of rigorous censorship and regulations in the 1960s. Nevertheless, the path of shame in the films of the 1960s has room for being understood as collective self-consciousness which intended to discover the post-subordinate nation’s path. It could be an attempt at healing social trauma, for which giving a speech was banned in public sphere, by imagining realizability of authentic self-reliance that had been suspended since the colonial days.

Anatomical distribution and detection rate of colorectal neoplasms according to age in the colonoscopic screening of a Korean population

Lee, Suk-young,Song, Wan Hee,Oh, Sang Cheul,Min, Byung-Wook,Lee, Sun Il The Korean Surgical Society 2018 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.94 No.1

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Because data as a basis for the determination of proper age and modality for screening of colorectal neoplasms is lacking, we evaluated detection rates and anatomical distribution of colorectal neoplasms according to age in healthy individuals who underwent total colonoscopy for health checkup.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>A total of 16,100 cases that had received the colonoscopic examination from January to December in 2014 were analyzed. The total number of individuals who received total colonoscopy were divided by the number of individuals harboring colorectal adenoma to calculate the detection rate of colorectal adenoma. Individuals ≤50 years old were classified as young-age group and aged >50 were old-age group. Differences in anatomical locations of colorectal neoplasms were analyzed in the 2 age groups by chi-square test. Risk factors for colorectal adenoma in each age group were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Detection rates of colorectal adenoma were 13.7% in all cases and 12.8% for those in their 40′s. The main anatomical location of colorectal adenoma was proximal colon in both age groups (P < 0.001). Hyperplastic polyp was mainly distributed to the distal colon in both age groups (P < 0.001). Distal colon was the major site for colorectal cancer in the old-age group (P = 0.001). Proximal location of neoplasms was a risk factor for colorectal adenoma in both age groups with multivariate analysis.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>These data could be the bases for earlier initiation of screening for colorectal neoplasms with total colonoscopy to detect clinically significant colorectal polyps.</P>

Protective Effects of Portulaca oleracea L. Extract against Matrix Metalloproteinase Production and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation Induced by Ultraviolet B Radiation in Human Keratinocytes

Jung Hwan Oh(오정환),Fatih Karadeniz(파티 카라데니즈),Jung Im Lee(이정임),So Young Park(박소영),Youngwan Seo(서영완),Chang-Suk Kong(공창숙) 한국생명과학회 2018 생명과학회지 Vol.28 No.8

쇠비름(Portulaca oleracea.L)은 쇠비름과에 속하는 한해살이풀로서 리놀렌산과 같은 불포화지방산, 페놀성 화합물, 플라보노이드, 비타민 C, 미네랄 함량이 높은 것으로 보고되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 쇠비름 추출물을 이용하여 UVB를 조사한 인간각질형성세포에서 광노화 억제능을 확인하였다. Matrix metalloproteinases는 세포의 기질을 분해하는 효소로 MMP-1는 collagenase, MMP-2와 MMP-9는 gelatinases로 피부 진피층을 구성하는 type Ⅰ collagen을 분해시키는데 영향을 미친다. UVB를 조사한 인간각질형성세포에서 쇠비름 추출물을 처리했을 때 MMP-1, -2, -9의 발현이 감소하였으며, type Ⅰ procollagen의 발현은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 쇠비름 추출물을 처리한 군에서 UV에 의한 ROS 생성이 감소하였는데 이는 Nrf-2의 활성화를 통한 항산화 인자 SOD-1과 OH-1의 발현 증가로 인해 세포내 ROS 생성이 감소한 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 통해 쇠비름 추출물이 UVB를 조사한 인간각질형성세포에서 MMP 인자 및 항산화 인자의 발현 조절을 통해 광노화로부터의 세포 보호능을 가지는 것을 확인하였으며 나아가 화장품 소재로서의 개발 가능성을 확인하였다. Portulaca oleracea L. is an edible plant widely consumed in daily diet throughout Europe, Asia and America. In this study, protective effects of P. oleracea L. extracts against oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation were investigated using HaCaT immortal human keratinocytes. In this context, the mRNA and protein productions of MMPs (MMP-1, -2, and -9) and type I procollagen, which are major markers of photoaging induced by UVB radiation in HaCaT keratinocytes, were evaluated. Furthermore, UVB-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mRNA and protein expression levels of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), oxygenase-1 (OH-1), and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2), all of which are associated with the antioxidant balance, were investigated. As shown by the results, UVB radiation induced ROS formation and led to increased production of MMPs and decreased collagen production in human keratinocytes, which resulted in skin photoaging or photodamage. The treatment with P. oleracea L. extracts downregulated MMP (MMP-1, -2, and -9) production and upregulated type I procollagen expression in UVB-induced HaCaT cells. Furthermore, treatment with the extracts decreased UVB-induced ROS generation and increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD-1 and OH-1, through the Nrf-2 pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that P. oleracea L. extracts could be a potential cosmeceutical agent for the prevention of skin photoaging or photodamage.

악성 질환에서의 고용량 화학요법과 자가말초혈액 조혈모세포이식술 : 단일기관 치료 경험

최정혜,안명주,오호석,이웅수,오석중,이영열,최일영,김인순 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2003 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.8 No.2

연구배경: 고용량 화학요법은 항암제의 투여 용량에 따라 항암효과가 비례하는 용량반응 관계가 있는 악성종양에서 효과를 기대할 수 있으며 현재 급성백혈병, 악성림프종, 다발성골수종 등의 혈액 종양과 유방암, 고환암, 난소암, 신경아세포종 등의 고형암 환자에서 시행되고 있다. 저자들은 고용량화학요법에 이어 자가조혈모세포이식을 시행 받은 악성 종양 환자를 대상으로 치료효과 및 부작용 등의 임상상을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 1997년부터 2003년까지 한양대학교 병원에서 자가조혈모세포이식을 시행 받은 악성 종양 환자 31예(남서 : 여성 15 : 16, 중앙연령: 50세, 다발성골수종 14예, 비호지킨림프종 9예, 유방암 4예, 호지킨림프종 3예, 급성골수성백혈병 1예)를 대상으로 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 채집된 단핵구의 중앙값은 5.1×10^(8)/kg (범위 1.6~189.3)이었고 CD34양성세포수의 중앙값은 12.0×10^(6)/kg (범위 1.3~75.1)이었다. 말초혈액 과립구가 500/μL 에 도달하는 중앙값은 11일(범위 8~27)이었고 혈소판이 20,000/μL에 도달하는 중앙값은 11일(범위 0~32)이었다. 고용량 항암화학요법 후 21예가 완전관해, 5예가 부분관해에 도달하였다. 생존한 환자의 중앙추적기간은 29.5개월이었고 전체 환자의 2년 무병생존기간은 55.7%이었고 중앙값은 48.2개월이었다. 2년 생존기간은 62.9%이었으며 중앙값에는 도달하지 않았다. 10예의 사망환자 중 7예가 질병의 진행으로 사망하였고, 조기사망 3예(심부전과 신부전 1예, 장파열 1예, 패혈증 1예)가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구는 포함된 환자의 수가 적고 추적기간이 짧은 단점이 있으나, 다발성골수종, 악성림프종 등의 악성 질환에서 고용량 항암화학요법과 자가조혈모세포이식은 안전하고 효과적인 치료임을 추정할 수 있었다. Background: We performed the current study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in malignant diseases. Methods: Between January 1997 and March 2003, 31 patients (14 multiple myeloma, 9 Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 3 Hodgkin's disease, 4 breast cancer, and 1 acute myelogenous leukemia) underwent HDC with ASCT. Stem cells were collected by CS-3000 after mobilization treatment with chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. The conditioning regimens included high-dose melphalan, BEAM (BCNU, etoposide, cytosine arabinoside, melphalan), BEAC (BCNU, etoposide, cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide), CPB (cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, BCNU) and others. Results: There were 15 male and 16 female patients and median age was 50 years (range: 29~77). The median number of mononuclear and CD34+ cells was 5.1×10^(8)/kg (1.6~189.3) and 12.0×10^(6)/kg (1.3~75.1), respectively. The median time of neutrophil (>500/μL) and platelet (>20,000/μL) engraftment was 11 (8~27) and 11 (0~32) days after ASCT, respectively. Twenty-two patients experienced neutropenic fever. Twenty-one patients achieved complete remission and 5 patients achieved partial remission after HDC with ASCT. The median follow-up duration for surviving patients was 29.5 months. Causes of death included disease progression (7), sepsis (1), bowel perforation (1), and renal failure (1). Median progression free survival (PFS) was 48.2 months and median overall survival (OS) was not reached. Two-year PFS and OS was 55.7% and 62.9%, respectively. Conclusion: Our results suggest that HDC with ASCT was safe and effective modality in patients with various malignant diseases.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1994)

김재홍,안진균,정성재,김영태,김중환,김시영,이석종,이홍렬,서호석,김경훈,권혁진,정우권,고우석,이용석,안필수,오준규,오용섭 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Background : In recent years gonorrhoea has been panendemic and remains one of the most common Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Method : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae(PPNG), Ive have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1994, 168 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 109 (64,9% ) were PPNG. Conclustion : Our results suggests that the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is still increasing.

원자의 선택적 2광자 공명성 3광자 이온화 과정에 관한 밀도행렬의 수치해

오완영,남백일,강석찬,김영순 명지대학교자연과학연구소 1991 자연과학논문집 Vol.9 No.-

2광자 공명성 3광자 이온화 과정에서 밀도행렬의 시간에 대한 미적분방정식을 수치해 석적으로 계산하여 기저상태와 2광자 공명 여기상태의 전자밀도 행렬요소 σ??와 σ??,이온화율 P, 그리고 동위원소 선택율 S를 Li과 Sr원자들에 대하여 계산하였고, Rate Approximation에 기초한 준정상해의 결과와 비교하였다. 비교적 큰 동위원소이동 값을 갖는 ??Li와 ??Li의 경우 레이저의 세기가 매우 작은 영역과 큰 여역에서는 P와 s의 수치해의 계산결과와 준정상해법 계산결과는 비교적 잘 맞는 경향을 볼 수 있었으며, ??Sr와 ??Sr의 경우 즉, 동위원소 이동값이 700MH?에 불과한 경우 Li원자보다 민감하여 준정상해법의 결과는 제한적으로 적용됨을 볼 수 있었다. We present results of numerical calculations obtained through solving integro-differential equations for the electron density matrices ?? and?? and the ionization rate P in two-photon resonant three-photon ionization of Li and Sr, as well as the selectivity S for the isotope separation. We also compare our results with the predictions from quasi-stationary solutions based on the rate approximation. Our numerical results for P and S show that the quasi-stationary solutions are valid at very high and very low laser intensities when the isotope shift is large as in the case with 4s of ??Li and ??Li, and that the validity is rather limited in the cases with small isotope shift as in 5p? ?S of ??Sr and ??Sr.

신이식에서 이식신의 생존분석

오선미,김종학,황평주,구영선,강민규,나기량,김종섭,김성숙,이강욱,신영태,설종구,배진선,손기섭 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2

To investigate the prognostic factors for the survival of transplanted kidney in patients with end-stage renal failure, 59 cases of renal transplantation from September 1986 to Feburary 1997 in Chungnam National University Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. The results were as follows: 1)The mean age of recipients was 33.8 years and that of doners was 38.9 years. The male to female ratio of recipients was 2.5:1, and that of donors was 1.03:1 2) Living related donore(LRD) were 79.6% and living non-related donors were 20.3%. The HLA-identical donors(ID) in LRD were 18.7% and HLA-haploidentical donors(HID) were 61.0%. In living non-related donors(LNRD), mean matched HLA-AB antigens were 1.56 and mean matched HLA-DR antigens were 0.56. 3) The average 5-year patient survival fate was 94%, and average 5-year graft survival rate was 70%. The 5-year graft survival fate of HLA-ID was 100%, and those HLA-HID and LNR were 70% and 36% respectively. 4) Total 33 episodes of acute rejection were found in 45.8% of transplanted patients. The number of acute rejection episode did not show significant difference between LRD and LNRD(P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in MLC between two groups(p > 0.05). 5) In comparison between the 18 patients who lost their graft function in 5 years and 17 patients who are maintaining graft function for more than 5 years, MLC was significantly lower in patients with functioning graft than of patients with non-functioning graft (p < 0.05). The number of rejection episode was also lower in patients with functioning graft than that of the patients with non-functioning graft(p < 0.05). However, there were no significant difference in recepient and donor age and history of pre-transplantation donor specific transfusion between two groups. With the results above, we can speculate that adequate donor selection according to good matched HLA typing and low MLC is very important for graft survival in renal transplantation. Prevention and treatment of acute rejection in renal transplantation is also na important factor for graft survival.

각형강관 기둥-H형강 보 접합부로 구성된 골조의 거동

오영석 大田大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 산업기술연구소 論文集 Vol.1995 No.9

일반적으로 각형강관을 기둥 부재로 사용하는 기둥-보 접합부에서는 강도와 강성을 증진시킬 목적으로 내부 또는 외부 다이어프램을 사용한다. 접합부의 변형을 골조해석에 포함시킬 경우에는 경제성과 시공성에서 문제가 있는 복잡한 다이아프램을 필요치 않을 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 다이아프램이 없는 접합부를 유한요소법에 의한 비선형해석을 통해서 모멘트-회전각 관계를 구하였다. 다이아프램의 유무에 따라 강절 또는 반강절로 보고 모델화하였고, 반강절 접합부의 모멘트-회전각 관계곡선은 골조해석에 이용되었다. 강절 접합부를 가진 10-20층 골조를 설계하여 해석하였는데, 동일한 골조에 접합부 변형을 포함한 경우에 대해서도 해석하였다. 본 연구에서 다이아프램의 유무에 따른 a)층변위 b)기둥의 모멘트 분포 c)큰보의 모멘트 분포의 차이를 비교하였는데, 그 결과, 반강절 접합부를 사용할 경우 기둥 단면은 저층부에서는 커져야 하지만, 보 단면은 전체적으로 감소될 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. The conventional beam-to-column connection using box section requires internal or external diaphragms. The strength and stiffness are increased by the diaphragm. The diaphragm which makes connection expensive and complicate may not necessary if connection deformation is included in the frame analysis. The connection without diaphragm is analyzed using finite element method which gives a non-linear moment-rotation curve. A connection with or without diaphragm is modelled as a rigid or semi-rigid connection, respectively. The moment-rotation curves of semi-rigid connection are considered in the frame analysis. Ten-and twenty-story frames with rigid connections were designed and analyzed. For the same frames connection deformations are included. This study shows the comparative analysis results of frames with and without diaphragm. Their comparisons are categorized in terms (a) story displacements, (b) moment distribution of columns, (c) moment diagram of girders. The result shows that column size should be increased in the lower story, however beam sections can be reduced in the overall story if semi-rigid connections are used.