야생 설치류의 한타바이러스 감염에 대한 연구

백락주,송진원,송기준,박광숙,최영주,강주일,이용주 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.6

목적:국내 야서중에 한타바이러스의 숙주는 등줄쥐와 집쥐로 알려져 있으나, 한국에 서식하고 있는 다양한 야생 설치류를 채집하여 한타바이러스에 대한 항체검사를 실시하여 새로운 혈청형의 한타바이러스가 있는지를 혈청학적으로 규명하고자 하였다. 방법:국내에 서식하고 있는 야생 설치류를 1995년 10월부터 1996년 10월까지 7종 551수의 야시와 4종 97수의 소형동물을 채집하여 한타바이러스에 대한 항체검사를 간접형광항체법으로 실시하였다. 결과: 1) 야서 7종 551수와 소형동물 4종 97수를 대상으로 한탄바이러스의 감염율은 등줄쥐 17.2%(29/162), 흰넓적다리붉은쥐 8.7%(2/23), 대륙밭쥐는 25%(2/8), 그리고 땃쥐는 7.1%(1/14)이었다. 그리고 야생토끼는 8.8%(7/80)가 서울바이러스에 대한 항체를 가지고 있었다. 등줄쥐의 양성혈청중 대부분은 서울바이러스와 일부는 푸말라바이러스, 프로스펙트힐바이러스, 뉴욕바이러스와도 교차반응이 있었다. 흰넓적다리붉은쥐 2수와 대륙밭쥐 2수는 5가지 한타바이러스 모두에 교차 반응이 있었다. 2) 다람쥐는 9.5%(28/283)가 채집지역에 관계없이 한탄바이러스에 대한 항체를 가지고 있었고 항체기는 1:16 내지 1:256으로 비교적 낮았으며 서울바이러스, 푸말라바이러스, 프로스켁트힐바이러스와 뉴욕바이러스에 각각 반응하는 것도 일부는 교차반응을 보이는것도 있다. 청설모는 10.3%(7/68)가 한탄바이서르에 대한 항체를 가지고 있었으며 항체가는 1:16 내지 1:1,024이었으며 일부는 교차반응이 있었다. 3) 야생토끼의 서울바이러스에대한 항체양성율은 8.8%(7/80)이었으며 이중에 2수는 한탄바이러스와 교차반응이 있었고, 푸말라바이러스, 프로스켁트힐바이러스, 뉴욕바이러스와는 교차반응이 없었다. 항체가는 1:16 내지 1:64로 비교적 낮았다. 결론:등줄쥐는 한탄바이러스에 의한 감염이지만 흰넓적다리붉은쥐, 대륙밭쥐, 다람쥐 그리고 청설모의 일부는 한탄바이러스가 보다 다른 한타바이러스에 대한 항체가가 높았고 특히 일부 다람쥐 혈청은 푸말라바이러스 혹은 프로스켁트힐바이러스에만 반응하였다. 그리고 야생토끼는 서울바이러스에 대한 감염율이 높은 것으로 보아 국내에 한탄바이러스와 서울 바이러스 이외에 새로운 혈청형의 한타바이러스가 있는 것을 사료된다. Background: Hantavirus are widley distributed in rodents populations even in geographical areas where hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) has not been reported. Multiple species of Murid and Arvicolid rodents serve as the natural reserviors of hantaviruses. Serologic diagnosis using hantaviral antigens indicates that hantaviruses are widley distibuted in wild rodents. This study were designed to find the distribution of hantaviruses among wild rodents and small mammals in Korea, 1995-1996. Methods: Rodents were trapped alive in selected areas. A total of 551 wild rodents from 7 species and 97 small mammals from 4 species were captured in Korea. Serologic evidence for hantavirus infection were tested using five hantavirus antigens by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique(IFA). Among 162 Apodemus agrarius, 23 Apodemus peninsulae, 8 Clethrionomys regulus, 6 Microtus fortis, 1 Mus musculus, 283 Tamias sibiricus, 68 Sciurus vulgaris, 14 Crocidura laciura, 80 Lepus sinensis, 2 Capereolus capereolus and 1 Nyctereutes procyonoides. Results: 29 A. agrarius, 2 A. peninsulae, 1 C. laciura, 2 C. regulus, 27 T. sibiricus and 7 S. vulgaris were sero positive agaist hantaan virus and 7 L. sinensis were IF antibody positive against Seoul virus. Some of Tamias sibiricus were only seropositive against puumala virus or prospect hill virus. Conclusion: This data suggests that new serotypes of hantavirus might distribute among rodents in Korea.

Helicobacter pylori와 대장균의 Shuttle Vector 개발

조명제,이우곤,이상룡,김경희,안영숙,김성희,김현주,류복덕,최여정,윤영혜,백승철,전영석,이광호 경상대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 遺傳工學硏究所報 Vol.16 No.-

In this study, a vehicle vector using cryptic plasmids was constructed for gene transfer in Helicobacter pylori. pHP51(3.9 kb) and pHP489(1.2 kb) were selected for constructing vectors from cryptic plasmid of H. pylori isolates in Korea. The HindⅢ-digestedDNA fragment(1.2kb) of pHP489 and 1.6kb DNA fragment of pHP51 were ligated with a kanamycin resistance gene(aph3'-Ⅲ) from C. jejuni to produce the recombinant plasmids pHP489K and pHP51K, respectively. Transformation frequency of pHP51K by electroporation was low. But pHP489K could be effectively transformed into various H. pylori strains. In order to design an intermdiate vehicle vector for gene transfer into H. pylori, pBlueHP489K was prepared by recloning pHP489K DNA into pBluescript and pTZ19R vector. This vector permitted the DNA fragment containing pHP489 sequence, aph3'-Ⅲ, and cloned DNA to be cut and self-ligated in the SacⅠ site after cloning. ureA and ureB gene were inserted into pBlueHP489K, resulting in pBlueHP489K/AB. The DNA fragment containing pHP489, kanamycin resistance gene(aph3'-Ⅲ), and urease structural gene was cut away from pBlueHP489K/AB and self-ligated to generate pBlueHP489K/AB. pBlueHP489K/AB made urease-negative H. pylori strains restore their urease activity. By this experiment, pBlueHP489K was confirmed to be the vehicle system for transferring H. pylori genes.

지반-구조물 상호작용에서의 JOINT 요소에 대한 연구

최광순,손영호,김종주,최광규 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.2

The direct boundary element method has been formulated In which the symmetry condition is introduced. The displacement approach of the finite element method has been reviewed where the joint stiffness formulation is included. The coupling of boundary and finite element methods is derived for both equivalent boundary and finite element approaches. A computer program based on the coupling of boundary and finite element methods was developed to analyze the elastic behavior of a structure. Another computer program based on the finite element method alone was developed to solve the same soil mass which were assumed to be linearly elastic, isotropic, and homogeneous. The characteristics of joint elements are that they will separate in response to tension, slide in response to shear, and transmit any force in response to compression. The limitation of no transfer of tensile stresses across soil/structure interface was ensured by employing iterative schemes on joint elements. The iterative solution to simulate real properties of joint elements is based on the so called "load transfer method" An example problem of soil-structure interaction problem has been analyzed using the two numerical methods indicated above. Comparison of the results of nodal displacements obtained from both techniques and the software CRISP demonstrates the accuracy and validity of the coupling of boundary and finite element methods. Due to the fact that the dimensionality of the boundary element region is reduced, the equations generated by the coupling of boundary and finite element methods are fewer than the equations generated by the finite element method alone in acquiring the same acruracy. Therefore, the coupling of boundary and finite element methods is more efficient than the finite element method alone in solving a complex soil-structure interaction problem.

EXTOPSIS 모형을 이용한 가치평가

김광수,배영주 충주대 산업과학기술연구소 1999 産業科學論文集 Vol.7 No.1

Value Engineering has been recognized by many companies as a powerful and innovative techniques approach for cost down and improvement in function of products. Value evaluation is the most important progress in VE Job plan. But it is often difficult to evaluate the value of a certain function because the evaluation of value is very vague. The purpose of this study is to salve the problem point of the start ranking decision rule applying the EXTOPSIS(Extended Techinique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) model in MCDM(Multi-Criteria Decision Making), which is able to do compensatory preference. A case study is presented to illustrated the application of the EXTOPSIS model.

철근콘크리트 부재의 전단변형 해석에 관한 연구

최광진,장일영,권종주,송재호 金烏工科大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The object of this study is to present an analytical method using superposition of displacement due to flexural crack and diagonal tension crack in reinforced concrete members. Flexural displacement caused by bending moment could be found by the double integration of curvature derived from the relationship between moment and curvature. The macro model of shear deformation from the viewpoint of diagonal tension crack occurrence and its development has been developed. The rotational angle due to diagonal tension crack could be evaluated by using strain compatibility, force equilibrium and moment equilibrium. Furthermore the bonding characteristics between concrete and steel as well as the characteristics of dowell have been taken into consideration. The theoretical values calculated using the analytical method developed in this study have been investigated in comparison with the experimental ones which were carried out earlier in order to prove it s validity. From the results it has been shown that theoretical values agree quite well with experimental ones, and it could be pointed out that presented analytical method is widely acceptable for the practical analysis of flexural displacement of reinforced concrete members.

개질 아스팔트 혼합물의 변형강도 측정 연구

김광우,도영수,이기호,조문진,최선주 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2004 석재연 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

본 논문은 아스팔트 혼합물의 소성변형 저항성과 상관성이 높은 특성치를 찾고자 Kim test를 개발하여 현재 적용성 연구결과를 다루고 있다. 이 논문은 새로운 강도특성치인 변형강도(S_(D))를 개발하는 Kim, test 연구의 4단계 연구 결과이다. 13 mm 골재(편마암, 화강암)와 입도(밀입도, 갭입도) 5가지 폴리머로 제조한 8가지 바인더로 두 가지 입도에서 소성변형 저항성이 다른 32가지 혼합물을 만들었다. 슬래브(305㎜×305㎜×62㎜)공시체를 제조하여 한쪽은 Kim, test를 수행하기 위하여 18 cm정도로 잘라서 코어를 3개 채취하고 다른 한쪽은 12cm크기로 하여 반복주행시험을 실시하였다. Kim, test는 하중봉 3(0.75), 4(1.0)을 사용하였다. W/T시험으로부터 최종 침하 깊이와 동적안정도의 두 가지 소성변형 계수를 각 혼합물별로 구했다. 각 하중봉과 골재별, 입도별로 S_(D)와 소성변형 계수간의 통계적 상관관계 분석을 수행한 결과 S_(D)와 소성변형 계수와의 결정계수가 매우 높게 (R²>0.95) 나타났다. 하중봉 4(1.0)이 3(0.75)보다 다소 높은 상관성을 보였다. 향후 Kim test실험에서 하중봉 4(1.0)을 사용하고 4단계 방법을 이용한다면 소성변형 특성치인 침하깊이(DR)와 동적안정도(DS)와의 상관성이 매우 큰 시험법이 될 것이다. 또한 변형강도의 파괴 메커니즘은 콘크리트의 펀칭파괴와 유사하여 콘크리트의 전단강도 추정식을 근거로 아스팔트 콘크리트의 재료 특성에 적합한 추정식 계수 ◁ 원문 수식 참조 ▷ 를 얻었다. 이 식을 이용한다면 아스팔트 콘크리트가 견딜 수 있는 임계하중을 변형강도에 근거하여 추정할 수 있을 것이다. This study shows predictability of rut parameters of modified and unmodified asphalt concretes based on the deformation strength (S_(D)) which is calculated from the maximum load, deformation and size variables of loading head under simple static loading. This paper is the result of latest studies, phase 4 which is a part of Kim, Test studies for developing a new strength property for asphalt concrete. Two aggregates, gneiss and granite, two gradations, dense-graded, gap-graded, with maximum, size of 13mm and eight binders using different contents of five polymers (RLDPE, RHDPE, LDPE, SBS, SBR) were used to produce 32 different mixtures. A slab (305㎜×305㎜×62㎜) was cut into two pieces(18cm and 12cm width) and three 10cm cores were taken for S_(D) test from the larger piece and wheel tracking test was performed on the smaller piece. Kim test was performed using loading head 4(1.0), 3(0.75). Two rut parameters, depth of rut and dynamic stability, from the rut depth-cycle curve from a WT test were obtained for each mixture. Statistical analysis were performed for each loading head, aggregate, and gradation to find out correlation between S_(D) values and each rut parameter. The analysis results showed that S_(D) had high R² (over 0.95) on the average with rut parameters. The loading head 4(1.0) showed R² better than 3(0.75). It is concluded that S_(D) is the property that has excellent predictability for rut parameter of asphalt concretes. An equation, ◁ 원문 수식 참조 ▷ was obtained based on the equation of concrete shear load creating punching failure and current test data, because the failure mechanism of S_(D) is similar to punching failure of concrete. In the equation, P is shearing force creating punching effect, b is length of perimeter of punching area and d is depth of specimen. If this formula is used, a critical load for deformation failure will be predicted based on the S_(D).

하수 sludge 시용이 상추의 생육과 토양의 화학성 변화에 미치는 영향

김광수,조경철,김희경,김수영,정순주 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2001 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.36 No.-

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of sewage sludge application on the growth of lettuce and the change of chemical properties in soil. The experiment was set up with two different places from Feb. 10 through June 20 of 2000. Each treatment received 0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20㎏ of sewage sludge/3.3㎡. The application of the sewage sludge increased the EC, CEC, and the content of available phosphate and organic matter in soil, which resulted in the enhancement of growth characteristics in terms of the number of leaves, leaf area, and fresh and dry weight in all treatments. As lowering the soil pH(pH 6), heavy metal content increased compared with higher pH(pH 7). However, the concentration of heavy metal at pH 6 in the soil did not affect plant growth. This results demonstrated that application of sewage sludge in the soil may play an important role in improving soil chemical properties and promoting the crop growth.

병·의원에서 분리한 메티실린 내성 황색포도알균에서 SCCmec 유형과 Aminoglycoside 변형효소 유전자의 분포

정영희,김광욱,차정옥,이경민,유재일,유정식,김봉수,노영주,윤혜령,이영선 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.1

목적 : 대부분의 AME 효소 유전자는 transposon이나 plasmid 상태로 전달되며 staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) 내에도 삽입되어 있다. 최근 MRSA의 SCCmec 유형에 따라 다양한 내성유전자를 가지는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 따라서 1, 2차 의료기관에서 분리된 황색포도알균의 항생제 내성률을 조사하고 MRSA에서 SCCmec type에 따른 AME 효소 유전자의 분포를 확인하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2004년 1, 2차 의료기관에서 분리된 황색포도알균 640주를 대상으로 methicillin의 내성유전자 mecA와 AME 효소 유전자 aac(6')-aph(2"), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia 등을 multiplex PCR 방법을 이용하여 확인하였다. 항생제 감수성 시험과 MIC 값은 한천배지 희석법으로 확인하였고 SCCmec type도 결정하였다. 결과 : 640주의 황색포도알균 중 MRSA을은 39.7%였으며 MRSA 분리주 모두 mecA 유전자가 검출되었다. Aminoglycoside 중 kanamycin, tobramycin에 대한 내성률은 98.1%이었고, gentamicin 68.7%, amikacin 30.8%, netilomicin 2.8%이었으며 vancomycm에는 모두 감수성이었다. Oxacillin MIC_50과 MIC_90은 각각 128 ug/mL, 256 ug/mL이었으며 254주의 MRSA 중 214주를 선별하여 AME 효소 유전자를 확인한 결과 aph(3')-IIIa 13.1%, aad(6')-aph(2") 77.1%, ant(4)-Ia 53.3%이었으며 SCCmec type에 따라서는 type II, type III, type IV가 각각 50.9%, 16.4%, 32.7%였다. SCCmec type에 따른 AME 효소 유전자의 분포는 SCCmec type II에서는 aac(6')-aph(2")와 aac(6')-aph(2")/ant(4')-Ia가 각각 49.5%, 36.7%에서 검출되었고 type III에서는 aph(3')-IIIa/aac(6')-aph(2")가 60%, aac(6')-aph(2")가 31.4%, type IV에서는 aac(6')-aph(2")/ant(4')-Ia와 ant(4')-Ia가 각각 41.4%, 50%로 나타났다. 결론 : 1, 2차 의료기관에서 분리한 황색포도알균 분리주의 메티실린 내성률은 39.7%이었다. MRSA 분리주 중 SCCmec type II와 III에서는 aac(6')-aph(2")가, SCCmec type IV에서는 ant(4')-Ia가 90% 이상 검출되어 SCCmec type과 AME 효소 유전자 분포와는 연관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. Background : Many genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) on transposon or plasmid were transferred from one strain to another strain and inserted into a staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec). There are very diverse subtypes in SCCmec type to the insertion of resistant genes. Therefore, we researched the resistance rates of antibiotics and distribution of AME genes according to SCCmec type in MRSA strains. Materials and Methods : We isolated 640 Staphylococcus aureus from non-tertiary hospitals in 2004, detected mecA, aac(6')-aph(2"), aph(3')-llla, and ant(4')-la using the multiplex PCR method, tested antibacterial susceptibility disk diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration, and determined SCCmec type. Results : Of 640 S. aureus isolates, MRSA rate was 39.7% and all MRSA isolates carried mecA gene. Among 214 MRSA selected, aminoglycoside-resistant rates were 98.1% in kanamycin and tobramycin, 68.7% in gentamicin, 30.8% in amikacin, and 2.8% in netilmicin. The detection rates for aac(6')-aph(2"), aph(3')-llla, and ant(4')-la were 77.1%, 13.1%, and 53.3%, respectively. Also, SCCmec type was 50.9% in SCCmec type II, 16.4% in type Ill, and 32.7% in type IV. The genes encoding AMEs were distributed aac(6')-aph(2") (49.5%) and aac(6')-aph(2")/ant(4')-la (36.7%) in SCCmec type II, aph(3')-llla/aaac(6')-aph(2") (60%) and aac(6')-aph(2") (31.4%) in type III, and aac(6')-aph(2")/ant(4')-la (41.4%) and ant(4')-la (50%) in type IV. Conclusion : 39.7% of S. aureus isolated from non-tertiary hospitals was resistant to methicillin. More than 90% of MRSA isolates were detected aac(6')-aph(2") in SCCmec type II and Ill, and ant(4')-la in type IV. With these results, the genes encoding AMEs may be closed related to SCCmec type.

전산화단층사진을 이용한 부비동의 해부학적 변이에 관한 연구

고광준,박주미,임숙영,최선영 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1999 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.29 No.2

Objectives : To evaluate the anatomic variations of the paranasal sinuses on computed tomographs. Material and Methods : The author examined the CT images of the paranasal sinuses retrospectively in 500 patients who visited Chonbuk National University Hospital between January 1996 and December 1997. Results : The highest incidence of anatomic variation of the paranasal sinuses in bilateral structures was agger nasi cell(73.2%), followed by concha bullosa(31.1%), Onodi cell(24.0%), Haller cell(19.8%), maxillary sinus septum(13.0%), paradoxical middle turbinate(2.5%), pneumatized uncinate process(2.0%), and bent uncinate process. The highest incidence of anatomic variation in midline structures was nasal septum deviation(53.2%), followed by nasal septum aerated(29.4%), bulla galli(24.7%) asymmetric intersphenoid septum(22.3%), and nasal septum spur(13.8%). The correlation between anatomic variation and paranasal sinusitis was not found. Conclusions : The results of this study will aid in the diagnosis and treatment of paranasal sinus diseases, especially in the treatment planning before functional endoscopic surgery.(J Korean Oral Maxillofac Radiol 1999;29:477-492)

Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase와 Cyclodextrinase를 생산하는 Bacillus 속 세균의 분리와 그 효소들의 특성

권현주,남수완,김광현,곽영규,김병우 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.3

토양으로부터 CGTase와 CDase를 함께 분비·생산하는 내열성 세균을 분리하였으며, 동정결과 Bacillus stearothermophilus로 판명되어 KJ16으로 명명하였다. Bacillus stearothermophilus KJ16 균주는 회분배양할 경우 2단계 성장을 하며 일차증식기에 CGTase를 생산하고 이차증식기에 CDase를 생산하는 양상을 보였다. 배치 pH를 7.0으로 조절하면서 배양할 경우, CGTase는 균의 증식에 따라 증가하고 CDase는 CGTase보다 뒤에 생산되었다. 그 생산양은 pH 비조절 배양에 비해 CGTase는 최대 12배(1300 mU/ml)까지, CDase는 2배(225 mU/ml)정도 증가되었다. 분리균주가 생산하는 CGTase는 분자량이 65,000 dalton으로 pH 6.0, 60℃에서 최적활성을 보이며 HPLC 분석을 통해 α-, β-, γ-CD를 42: 46: 12의 비율로 생산하는 α/β 혼합형 CGTase였다. 또한 CDase는 분자량이 68,000 dalton으로 pH 6.0, 55℃에서 최적활성을 보이며 최적기질은 γ-CD였다. A bacterium named as Bacillus stearothermophilus KJ16. The growth of the isolated strain occurred in two steps, and syntheses of CGTase and CDase were dependent on the growth cycle of the cell. CGTase was constitutively synthesized during the 1st growing phase, while CDase was synthesized inducibly during the 2nd growing phase. When the medium pH was controlled at 7.0, the maximun enzyme activities of CGTase and CDase were increased by 12-fold(1300 mU/ml) and 2-fold (225 mU/ml), respectively, compared with the pH-uncontrolled batch culture. The CGTase of the isolate converted soluble starch to CDs with the ratio of α-CD: β-CD: γ-CD=42:46:12 at 55℃. The optimal pH and temperature of CGTase were 6.0 and 60℃, respectively and the optimal pH and temperature of CDase were 6.0 and 55℃. The molecular weights of the purified CGTase and CDase were estimated to be 65,000 and 68,000 dalton, respectively. Among serveral substrates, γ-CD was most rapidly hydrolyzed by the purified CDase.