Heritage preservation vs. adaptation to achieve sustainability – A case study of the Fishermen’s Dances, Rizhao city, Shandong province, China

Zhang Yongjia,Cheong Kee Cheok,Wang Qianyi 국립민속박물관 2023 International Journal of Intangible Heritage Vol.18 No.-

The importance of heritage preservation for economic development is now recognised, although not without debate. For cultural assets that have survived threats and perils, the key may lie in adaptation to changed circumstances as much as preservation of traditions. The question then arises whether such adaptation compromises the goal of sustainability. In the present case study of Fishermen’s Dances in Rizhao city, adaptation has resulted in the loss of some long-held traditions. But it has gained a measure of sustainability. Given the strong role of the state, its vision and capability to transform its cultural assets for income-generation activities will be decisive.

Mixed Culture of Probiotics on a Solid-state Medium: An Efficient Method to Produce an Affordable Probiotic Feed Additive

Jie Zhong,Fan Zhang,Yongjia Peng,Zhixin Ji,Hongqiang Li,Shuncai Li,Xiangzhai Zhang,Qiumei Shi,Jin Zhang 한국생물공학회 2017 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.22 No.6

The overuse and abuse of antibiotics in animal husbandry is an ongoing problem. While probiotics could be an alternative, their effectiveness, stability and production cost are key factors that need to be addressed first. This study used a mixed culture of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis on a simple and inexpensive solid-state medium generated by pouring a liquid MRS medium, which was designed to favor the dense growth of lactobacilli, onto wheat bran at a ratio of 1:2 by weight. Using this method, we achieved a very high number of live bacteria (NLB), at 3.93 × 1014 CFU/g, without the need for expensive anaerobic equipment. The mixed culture thus achieved striking results that were up to 10,000 times better than the pure culture and did not require special anaerobic equipment. A real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that the shares of the four strains in the mixed culture probiotics (MCPs) were 2, 17, 46, and 35%, respectively, which indicates that the fermentation product contained an uneven distribution of the four probiotic target bacteria. The MCPs possessed good storage stability at room temperature, and the NLB was greater than 106 CFU/g after 30 days at 25°C, which made it easier to transport and store. They also demonstrated good stability in artificial digestion fluids, with an NLB of over 1012 CFU/g after sequential treatments, which enabled them to maintain effectiveness in the animal gastrointestinal tract. Finally, the MCPs were fed to the mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in order to test their effectiveness, and the growth rates of both significantly improved with the MCPs feeding. This study thus demonstrated that culturing MCPs on a solid-state medium is an efficient method to affordably produce probiotic feed additives that can improve the performance of very physiologically different animals, such as the mealworm and raccoon dog, which indicates their potential for very wide applicability.

Adsorption of CO on the O_2 pre-adsorbed LaFeO_3 (0 1 0) surface: A density functional theory study

Lihui Sun,Jifan Hu,Ling Zhang,Feng Gao,Yongjia Zhang,Hongwei Qin 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.6

The adsorption of CO molecule on the O_2 pre-adsorbed LaFeO_3 (0 1 0) surface has been investigated using a density functional theory calculation. The calculated results show that the most appropriate reaction occurs between the CO and the pre-adsorbed O_2. After CO adsorption, the bonding mechanism between Fe site and the pre-adsorbed O_2 is not modified, and the HOMO―LUMO energy gap of the M1 mode is narrowed, which is caused by the redistribution of electron density in the surface.

Bio-based Epoxy Thermoset Containing Stilbene Structure with Ultrahigh T<SUB>g</SUB> and Excellent Flame Retardancy

Guangming Lu,Xuezhen Wang,Na Teng,Jingyuan Hu,Liyue Zhang,Jinyue Dai,Yongjia Xu,Sakil Mahmud,Xiaoqing Liu 한국고분자학회 2021 폴리머 Vol.45 No.4

Bio-based epoxy resins with an ultrahigh glass transition temperature (Tg) and excellent flame retardancy are critical for developing sustainable polymers. Herein, a novel trifunctional epoxy monomer triglycidyl ether of resveratrol (TGER) was synthesized from renewable resveratrol. The chemical structure of TGER was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ¹H, and <SUP>13</SUP>C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy which was then reacted with 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) to form resin. The obtained resin was evaluated in terms of flame retardance and thermal properties. The resultant TGER-DDM 240 resin shows excellent flame-retardant properties, presenting a residual char of 42.5% at 800 ℃, limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 31.2%, and flammability rating of V-0 in UL94 test. Moreover, the resin possesses an ultrahigh Tg at 294 ℃. This work provides a facile method for preparing high-performance flame-retardant epoxy resin from a renewable resource.

Enhanced dielectric and nonohmic properties of SrTiO3-modified CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

Zhao Jiangpeng,Sun Li,Cao Ensi,Hao Wentao,Zhang Yongjia,Chen Jianbin,Ju Lin 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.36 No.-

Dielectric and nonohmic properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics can be modified by addition of SrTiO3 (STO) in different molar proportions which were fabricated by a modified sol-gel method. XRD results indicated that all modified ceramics showed mixed phase consisting of both CCTO and STO. SEM images and grain size distribution probability also presented the change of microstructure with the addition of STO. The dielectric loss of the CCTO/0.4STO ceramics sintered at 1000 ◦C can be lower than 0.02 in a wide frequency (1 kHz–10 kHz), especially at 1 kHz, the dielectric loss of this sample is as low as 0.012. Furthermore, excellent nonlinear I–V electrical characteristic (high breakdown voltage to 54.15 kV/cm for CCTO/0.4STO sintered at 1000 ◦C) was observed as well. All the results indicated that the addition of STO does improve the dielectric properties and nonohmic characteristics of CCTO ceramics dramatically.

Structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of (Li1+, Al3+) co-doped Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite ceramics prepared by the sol-gel auto-combustion method

Qing Ni,Li Sun,Ensi Cao,Wentao Hao,Yongjia Zhang,Lin Ju 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.9

(Li1+, Al3+) co-doped Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrites, Ni0.5-xZn0.5-xLixAlxFe2O4 (x = 0.000, 0.025, 0.050 and 0.100), were synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electronic microscope (FESEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and LCR meter were used to investigate the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties. Results of XRD and SEM indicate that both doping amount and calcination temperature play significant roles in crystal structure and grain growth. Also, it can be observed that the saturation magnetization and the coercivity change in a noticeable manner. The Ni0.475Zn0.475Li0.025Al0.025Fe2O4 ferrite sintered at 1200 °C has a relatively low coercivity value (62.93 Oe) and the largest saturation magnetization (110.95 emu/g). Besides, dielectric behavior is also improved by Li1+ and Al3+ co-doping

A Novel EYA1 Mutation Causing Alternative RNA Splicing in a Chinese Family With Branchio-Oto Syndrome: Implications for Molecular Diagnosis and Clinical Application

Anhai Chen,Chufeng He,Yong Feng,Jie Ling,Xin Peng,Xianlin Liu,Shuang Mao,Yongjia Chen,Mengyao Qin,Shuai Zhang,Yijiang Bai,Jian Song,Zhili Feng,Lu Ma,Dinghua He,Lingyun Mei1 대한이비인후과학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.16 No.4

Objectives. Branchio-oto syndrome (BOS) primarily manifests as hearing loss, preauricular pits, and branchial defects. EYA1is the most common pathogenic gene, and splicing mutations account for a substantial proportion of cases. However,few studies have addressed the structural changes in the protein caused by splicing mutations and potential pathogenicfactors, and several studies have shown that middle-ear surgery has limited effectiveness in improving hearing in thesepatients. BOS has also been relatively infrequently reported in the Chinese population. This study explored the ge-netic etiology in the family of a proband with BOS and provided clinical treatment to improve the patient’s hearing. Methods. We collected detailed clinical features and peripheral blood samples from the patients and unaffected individualswithin the family. Pathogenic mutations were identified by whole-exome sequencing and cosegregation analysis andclassified according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Alternative splicing wasverified through a minigene assay. The predicted three-dimensional protein structure and biochemical experimentswere used to investigate the pathogenicity of the mutation. The proband underwent middle-ear surgery and was fol-lowed up at 1 month and 6 months postoperatively to monitor auditory improvement. Results. A novel heterozygous EYA1 splicing variant (c.1050+4 A >C) was identified and classified as pathogenic (PVS1(RNA),PM2, PP1). Skipping of exon 11 of the EYA1 pre-mRNA was confirmed using a minigene assay. This mutation mayimpair EYA1-SIX1 interactions, as shown by an immunoprecipitation assay. The EYA1-Mut protein exhibited cellularmislocalization and decreased protein expression in cytological experiments. Middle-ear surgery significantly improvedhearing loss caused by bone-conduction abnormalities in the proband. Conclusion. We reported a novel splicing variant of EYA1 in a Chinese family with BOS and revealed the potential molec-ular pathogenic mechanism. The significant hearing improvement observed in the proband after middle-ear surgeryprovides a reference for auditory rehabilitation in similar patients.

Simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOX with ammonia absorbent in a packed column

Yong Jia,Daqian Du,Xinxi Zhang,Xilou Ding,Oin Zhong 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.9

Catalytic oxidation of NO followed by simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOX with ammonia is a promising method for control of coal-fired flue gas pollutants. We investigated simultaneous absorption of SO2 and NOX in a packed column with ammonia, and found that SO2 and NOX could promote absorption with each other in the process of simultaneous removal SO2 and NOX. The removal efficiency of SO2 and NOX was, respectively, about 98% and 70.9% at pH 5.5, temperature 323.15 K, SO2 concentration 1,800×10−6, NOX concentration 400×10−6 and mNO2/mNO 1 in our experimental system. The experimental results also show that the formation of sulfite oxidized by reacting with dissolved NO2and the molar ratio of sulfite to total sulfur is more than 0.8 in the solution. Accordingly, the energy consumption for sulfite oxidation would be greatly reduced in the process of simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification with ammonia.