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Waste Cellulose Fibers Reinforced Polylactide Toughened by Direct Blending of Epoxidized Soybean Oil
Sakil Mahmud,Yu Long,Jinggang Wang,Jinyue Dai,Ruoyu Zhang,Jin Zhu 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.12
An eco-friendly method has been used to synthesize ductile and toughen composites from completely renewableresources by exploring poly(lactic acid) (PLA)’s sophisticated properties in terms of strength, stiffness as well as itsbrittleness. Due to their excellent mechanical properties and potential for sustainable manufacturing, nano-cellulose as a biobasedorganic filler, have been broadly used in a variety of polymer reinforcement. Herein, waste cellulose fibers (WCF)within the nanometer range were used as a filler to blend with PLA using lab-scale twin-extruder, with and withoutepoxidized soybean oil (ESO) as a reactive plasticizer. To investigate their effect on the mechanical properties like Young’smodulus, strength, toughness, and ductility, various constituents of ingredients were selected. An increase in elongation-atbreak(5.1 to 60.8 %), bending strain (5.9 to 9.4 %) and impact strength (2.05 to 6.1 kJ/m2) in comparison to neat PLA wasfound in PLA/WCF/ESO ternary composites, leading to reduced glass transition (Tg) and crystallization temperature (Tc) asconfirmed by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. An increase in char yield was also observed from thethermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which was clearly associated with the flame potency. Chemical interactions wereinvestigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy by examining shifts in peak positions. A scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) was utilized systematically to analyze the toughening mechanism.
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Guangming Lu,Xuezhen Wang,Na Teng,Jingyuan Hu,Liyue Zhang,Jinyue Dai,Yongjia Xu,Sakil Mahmud,Xiaoqing Liu 한국고분자학회 2021 폴리머 Vol.45 No.4
Bio-based epoxy resins with an ultrahigh glass transition temperature (Tg) and excellent flame retardancy are critical for developing sustainable polymers. Herein, a novel trifunctional epoxy monomer triglycidyl ether of resveratrol (TGER) was synthesized from renewable resveratrol. The chemical structure of TGER was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ¹H, and <SUP>13</SUP>C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy which was then reacted with 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) to form resin. The obtained resin was evaluated in terms of flame retardance and thermal properties. The resultant TGER-DDM 240 resin shows excellent flame-retardant properties, presenting a residual char of 42.5% at 800 ℃, limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 31.2%, and flammability rating of V-0 in UL94 test. Moreover, the resin possesses an ultrahigh Tg at 294 ℃. This work provides a facile method for preparing high-performance flame-retardant epoxy resin from a renewable resource.
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