Influence of Intravenous Contrast Medium on Dose Calculation Using CT in Treatment Planning for Oesophageal Cancer

Li, Hong-Sheng,Chen, Jin-Hu,Zhang, Wei,Shang, Dong-Ping,Li, Bao-Sheng,Sun, Tao,Lin, Xiu-Tong,Yin, Yong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

Objective: To evaluate the effect of intravenous contrast on dose calculation in radiation treatment planning for oesophageal cancer. Methods: A total of 22 intravein-contrasted patients with oesophageal cancer were included. The Hounsfield unit (HU) value of the enhanced blood stream in thoracic great vessels and heart was overridden with 45 HU to simulate the non-contrast CT image, and 145 HU, 245 HU, 345 HU, and 445 HU to model the different contrast-enhanced scenarios. 1000 HU and -1000 HU were used to evaluate two non-physiologic extreme scenarios. Variation in dose distribution of the different scenarios was calculated to quantify the effect of contrast enhancement. Results: In the contrast-enhanced scenarios, the mean variation in dose for planning target volume (PTV) was less than 1.0%, and those for the total lung and spinal cord were less than 0.5%. When the HU value of the blood stream exceeded 245 the average variation exceeded 1.0% for the heart V40. In the non-physiologic extreme scenarios, the dose variation of PTV was less than 1.0%, while the dose calculations of the organs at risk were greater than 2.0%. Conclusions: The use of contrast agent does not significantly influence dose calculation of PTV, lung and spinal cord. However, it does have influence on dose accuracy for heart.

앱 아이콘의 시각적 수사기법 응용 분석 - 중국 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱을 중심으로 -

호위위 ( Hu Wei Wei ),박용진 ( Park Yong Jin ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.6

현재 인터넷 기술이 빠르게 발전하는 환경에서 각종 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱이 대량으로 등장하면서 갈수록 앱 아이콘 디자인의 동질화가 심화되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱 아이콘의 디자인 요소와 시각적 수사기법에 대한 분석을 통해 앱 아이콘의 시각적 수사기법의 응용과 현재 앱 아이콘의 디자인 규칙을 고찰하며, 이를 통해 아이콘 디자인에 대한 다양한 사고를 제공하기 위한 것이다. 연구 방법은 앱 아이콘의 디자인 요소를 분석하고, 또한 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱 아이콘에서 나타나는 시각적 수사기법에 대해 시각 디자인 전공자 5명의 설문 조사를 진행하여 이에 비유법 중 은유, 직유, 환유, 의인이 주로 표현된 시각적 수사기법을 도출한다. 디자인 요소와 시각적 수사기법의 두 가지 측면을 결합하여 앱 아이콘의 시각적 수사기법 응용과 시각 표현을 분석하였다. 연구 범위는 2020년 상반기 해외 앱스토어와 구글플레이 다운로드 순위 TOP20의 중국 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱을 조사 대상으로 하였다. 연구 결과 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱 아이콘은 특성에 따라 디자인 형식이 다르게 나타났다. 디자인 요소 중에서 쇼트 라이브 앱은 기하학 도형과 기능 도형에서 추출한 요소를 많이 사용하고, 라이브 앱은 동물 캐릭터 요소와 기능 도형에서 추출한 요소를 주로 사용하였다. 또한 시각적 수사기법의 관점에서 볼 때 쇼트 비디오 앱은 은유와 직유를 많이 사용하고, 라이브 앱은 의인화와 직유를 주로 사용하였다. 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱 아이콘에서 발견된 공통점은 기능 도형에서 추출한 요소에 직유를 적용한 시각적 수사기법을 사용하고, 현재 범용성이 강한 아이콘이 주요 디자인 형식을 사용했다는 것이다. 차이점은 쇼트 비디오 앱은 주로 기하학 도형을 은유적으로 사용하여 아이콘을 디자인하고, 라이브 앱은 동물 캐릭터 아이콘을 의인화하여 해당 앱의 활력과 분위기를 전달한다는 것이다. As the internet technology is developing rapidly, various short videos/livestreaming APPs have appeared. Therefore, the homogenization of APP icon design is increasingly severe. The research purpose is to explore how to apply visual rhetorical devices of APP icons and visual presentation of the APP icon design, with the method of analyzing the design elements and visual rhetorical devices of short videos/livestreaming APP icons. It aims to provide multi-perspective thinking manners for icon design. The research method is to analyze the design elements of the APP icons and distribute questionnaires to five visual designers about the rhetorical device performance in short videos/livestreaming APP icons. It summarizes the main visual rhetorical devices (metaphor, simile, metonymy and personification) and combines two aspects (design element and visual rhetorical device) to analyze the application of visual rhetorical devices and visual performances of APP icons. The research scope is the top 20 short videos/livestreaming APP icons in the downloads of the foreign App Store and Google Play in China in the first half of 2020. Research results show that different APPs have different characteristics and the design forms are also different; among the design elements of short videos/livestreaming APP icons, most short video APPs extract geometric graphs and functional patterns. Most livestreaming APPs extract animal cartoons and functional patterns. In terms of visual rhetorical devices, most short video APPs use metaphors and similes; most livestreaming APPs use simile and personification. The similarity is that the extraction of functional patterns adopts the visual rhetorical device of simile; the general icon is the main design form of icons. The difference is that the short videos mainly metaphorically use geometric graphs, thus endowing the icon with a stronger sense of design. Livestreaming mainly uses the personified animal cartoon icons to show the vitality and atmosphere of the livestreaming APPs.

Simulated Long-Term Vegetation–Climate Feedbacks in the Tibetan Plateau

Wei Hua,Zouxin Lin,Donglin Guo,Guangzhou Fan,Yongli Zhang,Kaiqin Yang,Qin Hu,Lihua Zhu 한국기상학회 2019 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.55 No.1

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is an important region of land–atmosphere interactions with high climate variability. In this study, an atmosphere–vegetation interaction model was applied to explore the possible responses of vegetation to climate warming, and to assess the impacts of land cover change on the land surface physical processes across the TP. Results showed that long-term warming over the TP could influence vegetation growth via different mechanisms. Most likely, increased temperature would enhance the physiological activity in most high cold areas on the TP, whereas high temperature would inhibit vegetation growth by increasing respiration in areas with favorable water and temperature conditions. In addition, for areas where the climate is warmer but not wetter, higher temperature could influence photosynthesis via the moisture condition of the vegetation rather than by modulating respiration. Numerical simulations demonstrated that vegetation could control the land surface–atmosphere energy balance effectively. The change of land cover from vegetated land to desert steppe decreased the net radiation absorbed by the surface, weakening the surface thermal effects, and reducing sensible and latent heat fluxes. Furthermore, sensitivity simulations also revealed that global warming would likely accelerate vegetation growth in most areas of the TP, resulting in increased surface heat flux.

Detection and Monitoring of Potential Geological Disaster Using SBAS-InSAR Technology

Wei Niu,Xiaonong Hu,Bo Lin,Fanqi Meng,Yong Zhang,Jin Zhao 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.11

As a global geological environment problem, geological disasters are more likely to induce severe geological disasters and cause loss of personnel and property due to their suddenness and concealment, frequent heavy rainfall and regular extreme weather. In this paper, Sentinel-1A data and DEM data combined with short baseline synthetic aperture interferar (SBAS-InSAR) technology are used to analyze and calculate the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of surface deformation in Zibo-Weifang area of Shandong Province during 2016-2019. Linear fitting of InSAR monitoring deformation results is performed using level monitoring data to verify the accuracy of the results. The findings indicate that surface deformation in most of the study area is relatively stable, but in some areas, especially near Lucun Town, the maximum negative deformation rate exceeds 80mm/a. Based on the surface deformation results, a total of 377 potential geological disasters are identified using an integrated multi-source stereo observation system of the sky and ground. This identification is done by observing optical remote sensing images and taking the absolute value of surface deformation rate greater than 10 mm/a as the judgment basis, along with ground investigation and review. Several typical geological disaster sites are screened and they are found to be in unstable state. The research results can provide scientific support for geological disaster prevention and control in Shandong Province.

A Generalized Padé Approximation of Time Delay Operator

Yong Wang,Yiheng Wei,Yangsheng Hu,Yi Dai 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2016 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.14 No.1

This paper addresses the problem of fractional order Padé approximation for the time delay operator. Based on optimization method, a fitting polynomial with basic order a is constructed to approximate the time delayoperator. This makes for two generalized Padé approximations in the form of normal and symmetric approximation,respectively. The advantage of the proposed method lies in the fact that the resulting approximate model is inthe standard transform function form of any commensurate order a, making all of the existing stability analysismethods and control design tools for such systems amenable to the fractional order time delay systems. Somenumerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Polymer Nanostructured Components Machined Directly by the Atomic Force Microscopy Scratching Method

Yong Da Yan,Da Wei Gao,Zhen Jiang Hu,Xue Sen Zhao,Jiu Chun Yan 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

This study aims to machine complex three dimensional nano-structures on polymer surfaces directly using the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)-based nano-mechanical processing method. Processing parameters including the normal load, the feed rate, the machining speed and the scanning direction are optimized by the Taguchi method. Their effects on the machined depth and the surface roughness of the machined structures are analyzed. Meanwhile, the AFM PZT tube is controlled to achieve the tip’s three-dimensional motions in space. Using the optimized processing parameters, three-dimensional nanostructures on the surface of PMMA are directly fabricated. It is a novel low-cost manufacturing method for machining complex three-dimensional nano-structures or nano parts on polymer surfaces directly.

分心氣飮加味方이 睡眠障碍와 情緖性에 미치는 影響

허용석,김종우,황의완,김현택,박순권,김현주 대한한방신경정신과학회 2000 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.11 No.2

This sudy aimed to evaluate the effect of Punsimgieum-gamibang(分心氣飮加味方) on emotionality and sleep disorder. Punsimgieum(分心氣飮) has been used for insomnia, trembling, emotionality caused by strong mental stimulation and continuous stress in Oriental Medicine. And it was reported that Punsimgieum had anti-stress and anti-depression effect. Animals were devided into two groups : control group and Punsimgieum-gamibang group. Emotionality was tested in open-field with five indexes : walking, rearing, grooming, excretion and start latency. For the study of sleep disorder, after two groups had been given caffeine into abdomen, activity amount in animals was assessed for daytime and then the average percentage of sleep in two groups was calculated. The following results were observed. 1. In peripheral and central partition, meditaion group walked more than control group. The difference between two groups was statistically significant. 2. In rearing and grooming frequency, there was difference between two groups, but it was not statistically significant. 3. In grooming. excretion and start latency. there was no difference between two groups. 4. There was no difference in the average percentage of sleep between two groups.

Clinicopathologic and Prognostic Significance of the Zinc Finger of the Cerebellum Family in Invasive Breast Cancer

Wei Han,Cong Zhang,Xiao-jiao Gao,Hua-bing Wang,Fang Chen,Fang Cao,Yong-wei Hu,Jun Ma,Xing Gu,Hou-zhong Ding 한국유방암학회 2018 Journal of breast cancer Vol.21 No.1

Purpose: Five members of the zinc finger of the cerebellum (ZIC) family—ZIC1, ZIC2, ZIC3, ZIC4, and ZIC5—have been shown to be involved in various carcinomas. Here, we aimed to explore the clinicopathologic and prognostic roles of ZIC family members in invasive breast cancer patients using immunohistochemical analysis, western blotting analysis, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Methods: A total of 241 female invasive breast cancer patients who underwent radical mastectomy between 2009 and 2011 were enrolled. ZIC proteins in 241 pairs of breast tumors and corresponding normal tissues were investigated using immunohistochemistry and the clinicopathologic roles of proteins were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis were also used to analyze the prognostic value of the ZIC proteins. In addition, 12 pairs of fresh-frozen breast tumors and matched normal tissues were used in the western blotting analysis and RT-qPCR. Results: Only ZIC1 expression in normal tissues was obviously higher than that in tumors (p<0.001). On multivariate analysis, ZIC1 expression (in overall survival analysis: hazard ratio [HR], 0.405, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.233–0.702, p=0.001; in disease-free survival analysis: HR, 0.395, 95% CI, 0.234–0.669, p=0.001) was identified as a prognostic indicator of invasive breast cancer. Conclusion: ZIC1, but not the other proteins, was obviously decreased in breast tumors and associated with clinicopathologic factors. Thus, ZIC1 might be a novel indicator to predict the overall and disease-free survival of invasive breast cancer patients.

Knockdown of LncRNAZFAS1 suppresses cell proliferation and metastasis in nonsmall cell lung cancer

Yong Zhou,Xiao-Wei Hu,Si-Jia Yang,Zhe Yu 한국통합생물학회 2020 Animal cells and systems Vol.24 No.2

To evaluate the effects of LncRNAZFAS1 on cell proliferation and tumor metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we detected the expression level of LncRNAZFAS1 in NSCLC-related tissues and cells. qRT-PCR results revealed that LncRNAZFAS1 in tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissue, especially significantly up-regulated in stage III / IV and in metastatic NSCLC tissues. LncRNAZFAS1 expression was dramatically up-regulated in 4 NSCLCrelated cells (A549, SPC-A1, SK-MES-1, and NCI-H1299), with having the highest expression level in A549 cells. Furthermore, we implemented a knockdown of LncRNAZFAS1 in A549 cells, and the results of CCK8 and Transwell assays suggested that knockdown of LncRNAZFAS1 significantly inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis. Next, we constructed a tumor xenograft model to evaluate the effect of LncRNAZFAS1 on the NSCLC cell proliferation in vivo. The results indicated that knockdown of LncRNAZFAS1 dramatically inhibited A549 cells proliferation and repressed tumor growth. Additionally, knockdown of LncRNAZFAS1 drastically weakened the expressions of MMP2, MMP9 and Bcl-2 proteins, whereas noticeably strengthened the expression of BAX protein. Our results altogether suggest that knockdown of LncRNAZFAS1 has a negative effect on the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cell, which implying LncRNAZFAS1 is a potential unfavorable biomarker in patients with NSCLC.

Abietane Diterpenoids from Perovskia atriplicifolia and Their Anti-HBV Activities

Zhi-Yong Jiang,Zhong-Qiu Li,Chao-Guan Huang,Jun Zhou,Qiu-Fen Hu,Wen-Xing Liu,Xiang-Zhong Huang,Wei Wang,Li-Zhu Zhang,Fu-Ting Xia 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.2

Bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation on the 90% EtOH extract of Perovskia atriplicifolia resulted in the isolation of eight abietane diterpenoids, including three new ones (1–3). Based on spectroscopic methods involving 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy techniques, mass spectrometry, and optical rotation, the structures of the new compounds (1–3) were unambiguously characterized. Compounds 1–2 and 4–8 were evaluated for their anti-HBV (hepatitis B virus) activity in HepG 2.2.15 cell line. Results suggested rosmadial (8) had the most anti-HBV potency, suppressing the secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg, with IC50 values of 0.09 and 0.34 mM, respectively.