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Social discrimination and college enrollment: findings from the China family panel studies
Gu, Jiafeng,Xing Ming 서울대학교 교육연구소 2023 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.24 No.1
Utilizing survey data from the 2010, 2014, and 2016 China family panel studies, this study examined the relationship between the social discrimination experienced at high school and college enrollment. It was found that administrative discrimination, such as unfair treatment from government cadres or arbitrary fee collection, negatively affected college enrollment, while gender discrimination encouraged high school students to pursue higher education, and college enrollment reduced the likelihood of social discrimination. Therefore, social-psychological factors should not be ignored in higher education demand studies. In particular, as high school student responses to social discrimination can affect their motivation to pursue higher education, stress and coping theory could have important theoretical value when studying the decision-making behaviors and patterns of high school student higher education aspirations.
Yue Gu,Linhua Jiang,Weizhun Jin,Zhenhua Wei,Xing Liu,Mingzhi Guo,Kailun Xia,Lei Chen 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.99 No.-
In this paper, a new series of phase change materials (PCMs) composed of capric acid/ethylene-vinylacetate/graphene (CA/EVA/GR) were prepared and thermal properties were investigated using moleculardynamics simulation. The composite PCMs were characterized by Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanningcalorimetry (DSC) and thermal conductivity measurement. FT-IR, XRD and SEM results manifest that CAcan be successfully wrapped by EVA and GR additives, and there is no chemical reaction between CA, EVAand GR. DSC results indicate that adding GR into CA/EVA can result in composite PCMs maintain the highlatent heat, while too much GR will cause a significant reduction in latent heat. Thermal conductivityobtained from experimental tests reveal that GR can gradually enhance the thermal conductivity of CA/EVA with increasing dosage of GR. The experimental results of thermal conductivity fall close to that ofmolecular dynamics (MD) simulation at GR dosages below 1.8 wt%, but the experimental results present atrend which is contrary to MD simulation at higher GR dosages. The mean square displacement (MSD)results manifest that composite PCMs containing 1.8 wt% GR has the highest diffusion coefficient, whilehigher GR dosage will reduce the diffusion coefficient gradually.
Tao Gu,Li‑Min Wang,Qiang Hu,Xiu‑Bing Liang,Dong‑Xing Fu,Yong‑Xiong Chen,Xin‑Ming Zhao,Yan‑Wei Sheng 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.11
An equiatomic refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) NbMoTaWRe is prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) and sparkplasma sintering (SPS). The effects of mechanical alloying and sintering behaviors on the microstructure and propertiesof the RHEA are investigated. After ball-milling for 30 h, the metastable and supersaturated MA powders with the bodycenteredcubic (BCC) structure are obtained. Then, the MA powders are sintered using the SPS method under the sinteringtemperature range of 1700–1900 °C, and the C atoms and WC introduced by the MA process reacts with the metastable andsupersaturated Ta/Nb phase of the MA powers to form the face-centered cubic (FCC) structure (Nb, Ta)C particles alongthe BCC matrix boundaries during the SPS process. The NbMoTaWRe alloy sintered at 1800 °C consisted of BCC matrixand FCC-type (Nb, Ta)C particles has high compactness (porosity fraction is 0.32%), fracture strength (2630 MPa), plasticstrain (6.82%), and hardness (992 ± 20 HV). These excellent properties of this RHEA are mainly attributed to the combinationof multi-effects, including sintering densification, grain refinement strengthening from the refined sizes (3.80 μm) BCCmatrix, precipitation strengthening from the (Nb, Ta)C particles, solid solution strengthening from multi-principal elementsand interstitial solid solution strengthening from C atoms dissolving into BCC matrix.
Zhao, Xing Guan,Park, Ju-Young,Jin, En Mei,Gu, Hal-Bon The Electrochemical Society 2015 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.162 No.1
<P>Pyrene is used as the template material in the preparation of porosity in TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films. Pores are created in the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film, using a range of pyrene amounts (0, 2, 3, 4 wt%), to increase the light harvesting efficiency and electron charge capabilities at the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film/dye/electrolyte interface. The specific surface area of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film increases from 49.2 to 115.8 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP> as the porosity are created with 3% pyrene added TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film (TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-pyrene-3). The pore volume of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-pyrene-3 is 0.35 cm<SUP>3</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP>. The charge transfer of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-pyrene-3 based dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is faster than the other TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films. For TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-pyrene-3, the electron transport time is 4.19 ms and the electron recombination time is 34.82 ms. The diffusion coefficient is 8.36 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> for TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-pyrene-0 and increases to 1.39 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> for TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-pyrene-3. TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-pyrene-3 has the highest solar conversion efficiency of 7.58%, an increase of 11.47% over that of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-pyrene-0, 6.80%.</P>
Hua Gu,Zhen-Hai Fei,Yi-Qi Wang,Jian-Guo Yang,Chao-Hui Zhao,Yong Cai,Xing-Ming Zhong 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2016 International Neurourology Journal Vol.20 No.4
Purpose: Microvascular endothelial integrity is important for maintaining the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) disrupts this integrity, making the BBB dysfunctional—an important pathophysiological change after SAH. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) regulate microvascular permeability by balancing each other’s expression. Methods: This study investigated the dynamics of Ang-1 and Ang-2 expression after SAH and the protective effect of Ang-1 on BBB functioning using an endovascular puncture model of rat SAH. The Ang-1 and Ang-2 expression in brain tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. In addition, Western blotting was used to estimate Ang-1 and Ang-2 concentration and to compare them at 6–72 hours post-SAH cortex and hippocampus. Evans blue viability assay was used to evaluate BBB permeability, and neurological testing was implemented to evaluate neurological impairment during SAH. Results: It was found that following SAH, Ang-1 expression decreases and Ang-2 expression increases in the cortex, hippocampus, and microvessels. The Ang-1/Ang-2 ratio decreased as quickly as 6 hours after SAH and reached its lowest 1 day after SAH. Finally, it was found that exogenous Ang-1 reduces SAH-associated BBB leakage and improves neurological function in post-SAH rats. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the equilibrium between Ang-1 and Ang-2 is broken in a period shortly after SAH, and the treatment of exogenous Ang-1 injection alleviates neurological dysfunctions through decreasing BBB destruction.
Electrochemical properties of metal salts polymer electrolyte for DSSC
구할본(Gu, Hal-Bon),Zhao, Xing Guan,Jin, En Mei 한국신재생에너지학회 2011 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11
Dye-sensitized solar cell(DSSC) have been considered one of the promising alternatives to conventional solar cells, because of their low cost, easy fabrication and relatively high energy conversion efficiency. However, although the cell offers reasonable efficiency at least 11%, the use of a liquid electrolyte placed technological challenges for achieving the desired durability and operational stability of the cell. In order to prevent or reduce electrolyte leakage considerable efforts have been made, such as p-type semiconductor or organic hole-transport material that better mechanical properties and simple fabrication processes. In this work, we synthesized solid-state electrolyte containing LiI and KI metal salt with starting materials of poly ethylene oxide to substitute liquid electrolyte enhance the ionic conductivity and solar conversion efficiency. Li+ leads to faster diffusion and higher efficiency and K+ leading to higher ionic conductivity. The efficiency of poly ethylene oxide/LiI system electrolyte is 1.47% and poly ethylene oxide/potassium electrolyte is 1.21%. An efficiency of 3.24% is achieved using solid-state electrolyte containing LiI and KI concentrations. The increased solar conversion efficiency is attributed to decreased crystallinity in the polymer that leads to enhanced charge transfer.
Application of VR interactive technology in graphic design of ceramic materials
Shiqiu Gu,Xiaogang Xing* 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2023 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.24 No.3
Design has changed in a way that has been closely tied to the growth of human culture and civilization. A society's growthaffects every aspect of human productivity and daily living. A type of ceramic product known as "alive ceramics" has bothutilitarian and decorative appeal. Even though living ceramics are recognized as an ancient and traditional art form in ournation, user demands and preferences must come first in their design. Human-centered design has become a mature andthoroughly researched subject in our day. Designing ceramic objects requires careful consideration of humanization. Virtualreality (VR) testing and evaluation of ceramic products is now possible because of advancements in VR technology. Througha computer-generated virtual model, this lets designers and buyers experience and evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of aproduct prior to its construction. A recent study has shown that the human-centered design method can be considerablyenhanced by incorporating virtual reality (VR) technology into the design process for living ceramics. Using VR, designers canmimic real-world environments and gather essential user feedback to enhance the overall design of the product. Additionally,the use of VR technology enables more effective and economical design iterations. In this project, we'll look into how humancentereddesign and virtual reality (VR) technology may be used to research living ceramic design.