The abundance and diversity of gut bacteria of rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) across life stages

Yang Yajun,Liu Xiaogai,Xu Hongxing,Liu Yinghong,Ali Panna,Adnan Bodlah Muhammad,Lu Zhongxian 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.2

The bacterial community living in the insect gut may play an important role in nutrition, immunity and protection, detoxification of toxins, and inter- and intra-specific communication. Rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a notorious pest in rice, and the diversity of the gut bacteria of C. medinalis across life stages are not well understood. Here, the diversity and abundance of the gut bacterial community in C. medinalis through life stages were investigated using Illumina Miseq technology. A total of 22 bacterial phyla, 42 classes, 100 orders, 179 families, 350 genera and 395 species were identified across the different life stages of C. medinalis. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes phyla were the dominant bacterial taxa. Members of the genera Enterococcus, unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, Wolbachia, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Microbacterium, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Lampropedia, and Sphingobacterium were found at all life stages. Enterococcus and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae occupied higher relative abundance among bacteria community in the 2nd to 5th instar larvae, pupae and adults. The structure of bacterial community differed across the life stages of C. medinalis. Our findings will enrich the understanding of gut bacteria in C. medinalis, and will provide foundation and assistance for the development of novel pest management strategies through utilization of microbiota.

Structural characterization and applications of ITS2 from rice leaffolders Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Marasmia patnalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Yajun Yang,ZhihongWu,Xu-Song Zheng,Zhong-Xian Lu,Hong-Xing Xu 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.2

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Marasmia patnalis are important rice insect pests in Asia and have similarmorphologic features and same feeding patterns. Understanding the molecular difference of the two leaffolders is helpful to their identification and clarification of their phylogenetic class in the Pyraloidea. In this study, we determined and analyzed the nucleotide sequences of nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) in the two rice leaffolders from 9 populations (six C. medinalis populations collected from China, Philippine, Thailand, and Vietnam, and threeM. patnalis populations from Philippine, Thailand, and Vietnam) and compared interspecies variation of IST2 among different geographic populations and intraspecies variation of ITS2 from Pyraloidea. Phylogenetic trees were constructed on the two leaffolders and other Pyraloidea species using Maximum Parsimony method. Results showed that the ITS2 sequences differed in the two leaffolders. Compared to C. medinalis, ITS2 ofM. patnalis had small deletion at the sites of 41, 72, 81, 304 and an insertion at the site of 337. Interspecies variation results showed that three C. medinalis populations fromSoutheast Asia (VN, PH, and TH) arewith small divergence compared to NJ andHZ, and small divergencewas observed among threeM. patnalis populations (VN, PH, and TH). Intraspecies variation results showed that two leaffolderswere with close relationship compared to the other Pyraloidea. Phylogenetic trees showed that two leaffolderswere grouped togetherwithMaruca vitrata. These results indicated that the ITS2 sequences differed in the two leaffolders could potentially be used in the distinguishing of the two rice leaffolders and the determination on the phylogeny of species.

Long non-coding RNA RP11-6O2.4 indicates poor prognosis and suppresses cell cycle progression through the p38-MAPK signaling pathway in gastric cancer

Yang Feng,Zhiming Fu,Yajun Luo,Wang Tan,Zilin Liu,Pengcheng Ye,Fei Lu,Wanping Xiang,Linghan Tang,Lin Yao,Mengyun Song,Qingmei Huang,Yilun Liu,Jiangwei Xiao 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2019 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.15 No.3

Backgrounds: The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in gastric cancer (GC) has been highlighted in studies conducted over the past decade. However, the potential clinical value and the mechanisms of action of RP11-6O2.4 in GC have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. The specific aim of the present study was to assess RP11-6O2.4 and to explore its role in human GC. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to analyze the expression levels of RP11-6O2.4 in GC tissues, paired adjacent noncancerous tissues (ANTs) and GC cell lines. In addition, the correlation between RP11-6O2.4 expression and the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with GC was statistically analyzed. The effects of RP11- 6O2.4 on the GC cell cycle transformation through the p38-MAPK signaling pathway were explored by flow cytometry, qPCR and Western blot analysis after treatment with SB203580, a p38MAPK specific inhibitor, in vitro. Results: The expression levels of RP11-6O2.4 in GC tissues were significantly lower than the paired ANTs (P<0.05). In addition, RP11-6O2.4 expression was significantly lower in cases with older age, longer maximum tumor diameter, higher ASA grade and deeper invasive depth (P<0.05). RP11-6O2.4 expression was significantly higher in cases with well/middle differentiation than poor/no differentiation; higher in cases without lymph node metastasis than in lymph node metastasis; and higher in cases in stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ than in stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ. An in vitro assay showed that RP11-6O2.4 induced G0/ G1 phase cell cycle arrest, likely by regulating the p38- MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion: The above mentioned data suggested that RP11-6O2.4 was a tumor-suppressor gene in GC. RP11- 6O2.4 might play an important role in the cell cycle transformation by regulating the p38-MAPK signaling pathway, thereby representing a specific biomarker and a potential molecular target for the treatment of GC.

AKA-PLA: Enhanced AKA Based on Physical Layer Authentication

( Jing Yang ),( Xinsheng Ji ),( Kaizhi Huang ),( Ming Yi ),( Yajun Chen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.7

Existing authentication mechanisms in cellular mobile communication networks are realized in the upper layer by employing cryptographic techniques. Authentication data are broadcasted over the air in plaintext, enabling attackers to completely eavesdrop on the authentication and get some information about the shared secret key between legitimate nodes. Therefore, reusing the same secret key to authenticate several times results in the secret key`s information leakage and high attacking rate. In this paper, we consider the most representative authentication mechanism, Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA), in cellular communication networks and propose an enhanced AKA scheme based on Physical Layer Authentication (AKA-PLA). Authentication responses generated by AKA are no longer transmitted in plaintext but masked by wireless channel characteristics, which are not available to adversaries, to generate physical layer authentication responses by a fault-tolerant hash method. The authenticator sets the threshold according to the authentication requirement and channel condition, further verifies the identity of the requester based on the matching result of the physical layer authentication responses. The performance analyses show that the proposed scheme can achieve lower false alarm rate and missing rate, which are a pair of contradictions, than traditional AKA. Besides, it is well compatible with AKA.

A Novel Taper Design Method for Face-Milled Spiral Bevel and Hypoid Gears by Completing Process Method

Yu Yang,Shimin Mao,Wei Cao,Yajun Huang 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.1

For the face-milled spiral bevel and hypoid gears by the completing process method, in order to ensure that the tooth thickness and the tooth space width change in proportion to the cone distance, a novel taper design method is proposed. After the computation of blank dimensions of a gear pair according to ISO standard, the root angle of the wheel and the root angle of the pinion are redesigned based on the machining principle of the completing process method. Thus, the redesigned mean spiral angles of the wheel concave and convex tooth surface can be both equal to the original designed mean spiral angle of the wheel; likewise, the redesigned mean spiral angles of the pinion concave and convex tooth surface can be both equal to the original designed mean spiral angle of the pinion. By this, the ratios of the wheel tooth thickness and tooth space width to the wheel cone distance are more stable, and the ratios of the pinion tooth thickness and tooth space width to the pinion cone distance are more stable, too. Finally, this method is applied to a face-milled spiral hypoid gear pair, and the redesigned spiral angles of the wheel and the pinion are equal to the original designed mean spiral angles. For the wheel, the ranges of the ratios of the chordal thickness and the chordal space width to the cone distance are reduced more than 39% compared with those modified by ISO standard; for the pinion, the ranges of the ratios of the chordal thickness and the chordal space width to the cone distance are reduced more than 45% compared with those modified by ISO standard.

Vagococcus zengguangii sp. nov., isolated from yak faeces

Ge Yajun,Jin Dong,Lai Xin-He,Yang Jing,Lu Shan,Huang Ying,Zheng Han,Zhang Xiaoyan,Xu Jianguo 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.1

Two unknown Gram-stain-positive, catalase- and oxidasenegative, non-motile, and coccus-shaped bacteria, designated MN-17T and MN-09, were isolated from yaks faeces (Bos grunniens) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based comparative analyses revealed that the two strains were grouped within the genus Vagococcus, displaying the highest similarity with Vagococcus xieshaowenii CGMCC 1.16436T (98.6%) and Vagococcus elongatus CCUG 51432T (96.4%). Both strains grew optimally at 37°C and pH 7.0 in the presence of 0.5% (w/v) NaCl. The complete genome of MN-17T comprises 2,085 putative genes with a total of 2,190,262 bp and an average G + C content of 36.7 mol%. The major fatty acids were C16:0 (31.2%), C14:0 (28.5%), and C18:1ω9c (13.0%); the predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7 (68.8%); the peptidoglycan type was A4α(L-Lys-DAsp); and the major polar lipid was diphosphatidylglycerol. Together, these supported the affiliation of strain MN-17T to the genus Vagococcus. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization and the average nucleotide identity values between MN-17T and all recognized species in the genus were 21.6–26.1% and 70.7–83.0%, respectively. MN-17T produced acid from D-cellobiose, D-fructose, glycerol, D-glucose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, gentiobiose, D-mannose, D-maltose, D-ribose, Dsaccharose, salicin, D-trehalose, and D-xylose. These results distinguished MN-17T and MN-09 from closely related species in Vagococcus. Thus, we propose that strains MN-17T and MN-09 represent a novel species in the genus Vagococcus, with the name Vagococcus zengguangii sp. The type strain is MN-17T (= CGMCC 1.16726T = GDMCC 1.1589T = JCM 33478T).

A novel hydrothermal releasing synthesis of modified SiO2 material and its application in phenol removal process

Xinyu Yang,Xiaoyao Liu,Wenjing Tang,Yajun Gao,Huijuan Ni,Jianbin Zhang 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.3

A modified SiO2 material (MSM) was successfully synthesized by using Na2SiO3 and a novel CO2SM in the presence of CTAB through an innovative hydrothermal releasing treatment protocol. The MSM was systemically characterized using several techniques, including N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The CO2SM as a platform for CO2 capturing and releasing can be reversibly used for multiple cycles without significant loss of capabilities. The optimum conditions for the preparation of MSM were identified as follows: Na2SiO3 concentration, 0.2mol/L; hydrothermal temperature, 120 oC; CO2SM dosage, 6 g; CTAB concentration, 24 g/L, reaction time, 12 h. Additionally, the MSM exhibited high efficiency for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution: it showed a phenol adsorption capacity of 91.29mg/g when shaken with the aqueous phenol solution at 180 rpm for 1 h at 25 oC.

Study on the Flexural Performance of Prestressed High Strength Concrete Pile

Zhijian Yang,Guochang Li,Wenjin Wang,Yajun Lv 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.10

Four prestressed high strength concrete (PHC) piles under low-cycle loading and two piles under monotonic flexural loading were tested to study the test phenomena, failure modes, hysteretic performance, ductility and bearing capacity. It was indicated that PHC piles failed suddenly and the bearing capacity decreased because of the tensile rupturing of prestressing tendons from the results, and the hysteretic curves pinched. Nonlinear finite element models were established to analyze the mechanical properties of PHC piles using ABAQUS and OpenSees. The results obtained from the numerical analysis compared well with the experimental results. In addition, nonlinear finite element models were used to study influence of the position, pattern, number and diameter of deformed bars to the PHC piles reinforced with deformed bars (PRC piles). The analysis results showed that the deformed bars should be arranged evenly in circle direction, and the bearing capacity of PRC increased with the number and diameter of deformed bars.

Nonlinear Transient Analysis of Temperature Fields in an AGF Project used for a Cross-Passage Tunnel in the Suzhou Metro

Qixiang Yan,Yajun Xu,Wenbo Yang,Ping Geng 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.4

This paper examines the evolution process of the freezing curtain and the transition process of unfrozen water in an ArtificialGround Freezing (AGF) project used for a cross-passage tunnel in the Suzhou Metro, China. The focus of this study was onconfirmation of the rationality of the freezing design on a weak silty clay layer, using a prognosis of the temperature development bynumerical simulation and field monitoring. For the above purposes, basic mathematical techniques were employed to address thenonlinear transient thermal conduction problem considering the release of latent heat. The comparison analysis of the temperaturesgained by field testing versus numerical simulation was performed to verify the accuracy of the numerical model. The resultsindicated that the formation of a stable freezing curtain with the design thickness required more time than the estimated activefreezing period. The variation of unfrozen water volumetric content within the frozen fringe is normally exhibited as a process ofincrease and then decline until it vanishes, whereas there was a gradual and continuous increase near the frozen fringe. Althoughthere was a deviation in the results between field monitoring and the numerical simulation, the general temperature curves from bothmethods were essentially consistent.

A Joint Design for Multi-band Heterogeneous Networks when Deploying Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface

Wenyu Jiang,Kaizhi Huang,Yajun Chen,Xiaoli Sun,Jie Yang,Kai Zhao 한국통신학회 2022 Journal of communications and networks Vol.24 No.5

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) technique is effective to improve the capacity and coverage of various networks. However, the practical RIS has dissimilar responses to signals in different frequencies due to its structure. Therefore, directly applying existing schemes to multi-band heterogeneous networks leads to beam misalignment and performance degra- dation issues. This paper considers RIS-assisted multi-band heterogeneous networks where base stations (BSs) use different frequencies. We formulate the problem for maximizing the sum rate of all users (SR) in every frequency band, and aim to jointly design BSs precoding vectors and RIS parameters while taking user choices into account. Based on the closed-form relationship of phase shifts between frequencies, an iterative algo- rithm is proposed to solve the challenging non-convex problems. In particular, we use fractional programming to decouple the problem, and solve the subproblems with Quadratic Transform (QT) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can significantly improve SR among all frequency bands, which could instruct the coexistence of mul- tiple communication systems in future heterogeneous networks. What’s more, results also prove that deploying RISs recklessly will result in a degradation of the network.