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Effects of SRBSDV-infected rice plants on the fitness of vector and non-vector rice planthoppers
Hong-Xing Xu,Hong-Xing Xu,Xu-Song Zheng,Yajun Yang,Jue-Feng Zhang Zhang,Zhong-Xian Lu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.3
Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) is a new member of the genus Fijivirus and transmitted by whitebacked planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth). The rice area affected by SRBSDV and the subsequent damages are increasing rapidly. In current study, we evaluated the effects of SRBSDV-infected plants on the ecological fitness and the tolerance to adverse environmental factors of vector WBPH and non-vector brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Our study revealed that the fitness of WBPH and BPH were both influenced by feeding on SRBSDV-infected rice. Fecundity ofWBPH feeding on the SRBSDV-infected rice plants were higher than those on healthy plants, nymphal duration of male WBPH prolonged markedly by 0.77 d (P b 0.05), while the weight of brachypterous female adults significantly decreased (P b 0.05), and the average survival time shortened both at 26 °C and 31 °C, respectively. Median lethal time of WBPH on SRBSDV-infected and healthy rice plants were 80 h and 112 h at 26 °C, 64 h and 88 h at 31 °C, respectively. As for non-vector BPH, nymph survival rate decreased significantly by 11.22% (P b 0.05) and the longevity of female adults also shortened (P b 0.05), while hatchability of BPH eggs increased (P b 0.05). Survival time of BPH feeding on healthy rice at 26 °Cwas significant longer than those feeding on healthy and infected rice at 31 °C. The above results imply that the vectorWBPH suffers much stronger effects than non-vector BPH fromfeeding on SRBSDVinfected rice plants.
Da-Hong Li,Ping Hu,Sheng-tao Xu,Chun-yan Fang,Shuang Tang,Xin-yu Wang,Xing-yan Sun,He Lian,Ying Xu,Xiao-ke Gu,Jin-yi Xu 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.7
Herein, a series of lasiokaurin derivatives were designed and synthesized. All the derivatives together with lasiokaurin and oridonin were tested for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity. Compound 16 showed the most promising antimicrobial activity with MICs of 2.0 and 1.0 lg/mL against Gram-Positive bacteria S. aureus and B. subtilis, respectively. All the synthetic lasiokaurin derivatives showed better antiproliferative activity than parent compound lasiokaurin 1. Compound 10 exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 0.47 and 0.20 lM against MGC-803 and CaEs-17 cells, accordingly. Moreover, it was shown to have potent antitumor activity in vivo in a murine model of MGC-803 gastric cancer. Preliminary SARs were also concluded based on obtained data. The apoptosis-inducing effects of 10 were further investigated using CaEs-17 cells. The results showed that lasiokaurin derivative 10 could induce apoptosis via mitochondria related pathway and arrest CaEs-17 cell cycle at S phase. Compound 10 could also affect apoptosisrelated proteins that was up-regulation of CDK2 and downregulation of ATM and cyclin A1.
A New Public Key Encryption Scheme based on Layered Cellular Automata
( Xing Zhang ),( Rongxing Lu ),( Hong Zhang ),( Chungen Xu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.10
Cellular automata (CA) based cryptosystem has been studied for almost three decades, yet most of previously reported researches focus on the symmetric key encryption schemes. Up to now, few CA based public key encryption scheme has been proposed. To fill the gap, in this paper, we propose a new public key encryption scheme based on layered cellular automata (LCA). Specifically, in the proposed scheme, based on the T-shaped neighborhood structure, we combine four one-dimensional reversible CAs (set as the private key) to form the transition rules of a two-dimension CA, where the two-dimension CA is set as the corresponding public key. Based on the hardness assumption of the Decisional Dependent CA problem in LCA, we formally prove the proposed scheme is indistinguishably secure against the chosen-plaintext attack (IND-CPA). In addition, we also use a numeric example to demonstrate its feasibility. Finally, analysis of key space and time efficiency are also carried out along with RSA-1024, and the simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme is more efficient.
( Hong-xu Yang ),( Yue Shang ),( Quan Jin ),( Yan-ling Wu ),( Jian Liu ),( Chun-ying Qiao ),( Zi-ying Zhan ),( Huan Ye ),( Ji-xing Nan ),( Li-hua Lian ) 한국응용약물학회 2020 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.28 No.4
In current study, we aimed to investigate whether the gentiopicroside (GPS) derived from Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa could block the progression of alcoholic hepatic steatosis to fibrosis induced by chronic ethanol intake. C57BL/6 mice were fed an ethanol- containing Lieber-DeCarli diet for 4 weeks. LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells were treated with GPS 1 h prior to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) stimulation, and murine hepatocyte AML12 cells were pretreated by GPS 1 h prior to ethanol treatment. GPS inhibited the expression of type I collagen (collagen I), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and tissue inhibitor of metal protease 1 in ethanol-fed mouse livers with mild fibrosis. In addition, the imbalanced lipid metabolism induced by chronic ethanol-feeding was ameliorated by GPS pretreatment, characterized by the modulation of lipid accumulation. Consistently, GPS inhibited the expression of collagen I and α-SMA in LX-2 cells stimulated by TGF-β. Inhibition of lipid synthesis and promotion of oxidation by GPS were also confirmed in ethanol-treated AML12 cells. GPS could prevent hepatic steatosis advancing to the inception of a mild fibrosis caused by chronic alcohol exposure, suggesting GPS might be a promising therapy for targeting the early stage of alcoholic liver disease.
Reverse Iterative Image Encryption Scheme Using 8-layer Cellular Automata
( Xing Zhang ),( Hong Zhang ),( Chungen Xu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.7
Considering that the layered cellular automata (LCA) are naturally fit for representing image data in various applications, a novel reverse iterative image encryption scheme based on LCA is proposed. Specifically, the plain image is set as the final configuration of an 8-layer CA, and some sequences derived from a random sequence are set as the pre-final configuration, which ensure that the same plain image will never be encrypted in the same way when encrypted many times. Then, this LCA is backward evolved by following some reversible two order rules, which are generated with the aid of a newly defined T-shaped neighborhood. The cipher image is obtained from the recovered initial configuration. Several analyses and experimental results show that the proposed scheme possesses a high security level and executive performance.
Hong-Fang Ma,Xi-Xi Zheng,Ming-Hui Peng,Hai-Xu Bian,Miao-Miao Chen,Yan-Qun Liu,Xing-Fu Jiang,Li Qin 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.3
The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) is an important topic for comparative and evolutionary genomics, as well as phylogenetic and population genetics. However, there are limited data regarding the mitochondrial genome available of Pyraloidea, one of the largest superfamilies in Lepidoptera. In this report, we present the complete mitogenome of the meadow moth, Loxostege sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae), which is a serious economic pest of both crops and weedsworldwide, thereby enhancing the available genomic information for Pyraloidea. This circular genome is 15,218 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two rRNA genes (rRNAs), and 22 tRNA genes (tRNAs), with a typical gene orientation and order comparable to other sequenced Pyraloidea insects. The genome composition of the major strand exhibits highly AT bias (80.82%), with a slightly positive AT skew indicating the occurrence of more As than Ts. The L. sticticalis mitogenome has a total of 130 bp of intergenic spacer sequences spread over 15 regions, ranging in size from 1 to 48 bp, of which only two are common among the 23 total Pyraloidea moths that have data collected on the mitogenome (one is located between tRNAGln and ND2 with variation change in length and a limited sequence conservation, and the other is located between tRNASer(UCN) and ND1 with a conserved 6 bp motif ‘ATACTA’). The A + Trich region of 331 bp in the genome is comprised of non-repetitive sequences but contains an ATAGN motif followed by a poly-T stretch of 17 bp, a microsatellite-like (TA)11 element preceded by an ATTTA motif, and a poly-A stretch upstream tRNAMet. These conserved structures identified in the A + T-rich region are presented in all of the sequenced Pyraloidea species. We provide a mitogenome-based phylogeny of Pyraloidea species, in which L. sticticalis shares close ancestry to Ostrinia species with substantial evidence. Our phylogenetic analyses strongly divide Crambidae into two sister lineages, one consisting of Pyraustinae and Spilomelinae, while the other contains Crambinae, Acentropinae, Scopariinae, Schoenobiinae and Glaphyriinae. The mitogenome dataset also supports the basal split between Pyraustinae and Spilomelinae.
Hong-Rui Ning,Si-Yang Huang,Jin-Lei Wang,Qian-Ming Xu,Xing-Quan Zhu 대한기생충학열대의학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.53 No.3
Toxoplasma gondii is a eukaryotic parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, which infects all warm-blood animals, including humans. In the present study, we examined sequence variation in dense granule 20 (GRA20) genes among T. gondii isolates collected from different hosts and geographical regions worldwide. The complete GRA20 genes were amplified from 16 T. gondii isolates using PCR, sequence were analyzed, and phylogenetic reconstruction was analyzed by maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. The results showed that the complete GRA20 gene sequence was 1,586 bp in length among all the isolates used in this study, and the sequence variations in nucleotides were 0-7.9% among all strains. However, removing the type III strains (CTG, VEG), the sequence variations became very low, only 0-0.7%. These results indicated that the GRA20 sequence in type III was more divergence. Phylogenetic analysis of GRA20 sequences using MP and ML methods can differentiate 2 major clonal lineage types (type I and type III) into their respective clusters, indicating the GRA20 gene may represent a novel genetic marker for intraspecific phylogenetic analyses of T. gondii.
Ce3+ triggers fenton-like processes in neutral solutions for effective catechol degradation
Xing Chen,Xu Liu,Hai-Bo Wang,Kang-Ping Cui,Rohan Weerasooriya,Shi-Long He,Guang-Hong Li,Jun Pan,Kai Zhou 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.1
Classical Fenton and Fenton-like processes destruct organic pollutants in water non-selectively to complete mineralization. However, the usage of classical Fenton or Fenton-like processes is often limited due to the narrow operational pH window, sludge accumulation, inefficient H₂O₂ and efficiency decline. To overcome these constraints, in this study, we used a homogeneous Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>-H₂O₂ Fenton-like process to degrade catechol at different experimental conditions. At pH 7, almost 97% of 10 mM catechol can be destructed within 60 min while the degradation by Classical Fenton or Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-H₂O₂ Fenton-like process only 36.2% and 23.7%. The resultant solution after the degradation contains only traces of cerium ions. The sludge created by the process was extensively characterized by FTIR and XPS spectroscopy to elucidate the fate of cerium ions. Electron spin resonance (ESR) data confirmed •OH as the major free radical in Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>-H₂O₂ process. Our Fenton-like process widens the optimal pH values to neutral condition.