Why is the Silk Road Economic Belt not a New Strategy? A Three‐Factor Analysis in the Context of Central Asia

CHEN XIAOPENG,Qin Qi,Mo Haifeng 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2021 Pacific Focus Vol.36 No.3

The current scholarly discussion concerning the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) seeks to connect the investment activities on the ground with its strategic objectives, and attributes their mismatch to subnational factors or third-party interventions. Few scholars question the fundamental conceptualization of the BRI as a new grand strategy. First, this paper argues that China has not dictated the Central Asian development agenda, nor has it demonstrated a strong capability for institutional innovation. It then adopts the foreign policy analysis approach to trace the regional, international, and domestic factors shaping the content of the BRI. In particular, this paper finds out that the BRI reveals Beijing's strong consistency in economy-driven diplomacy while recalculating the interests and risks of participation in economic globalization. The BRI should not be interpreted as a new concrete strategy to challenge the existing world order.

Effect of solution properties on the interaction of 90Sr(II) with GMZ bentonite

Xin Chen,Jin Wang,Shaowei Wang,Fengliang Ma,Xiaopeng Chen,Jiaxing Li 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.11

The bentonite from gaomiaozi county (Inner Mongolia, China) (GMZ bentonite) has been selected as the candidate of backfill material in China for nuclear waste repository. Herein, the sorption of 90Sr(II) on GMZ bentonite was investigated as a function of contact time, solid content, pH, ionic strength, foreign ions, humic acid (HA) and temperature. The results indicated that the sorption of 90Sr(II) was mainly dominated by ion exchange or outer-sphere surface complexation at low pH, whereas inner-sphere surface complexation was the main sorption mechanism at high pH values. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH0, ΔS0 and ΔG0) calculated from the temperature-dependent sorption isotherms indicated that the sorption of 90Sr(II) on GMZ bentonite was an endothermic and spontaneous process. The results provided important information for the interaction mechanism of 90Sr(II) with GMZ bentonite, and is crucial for the evaluation of GMZ bentonite as backfill material.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the SlNAC gene family in tomato based on a high-quality genome

Chen Xiuling,Mo Fulei,Shen Chunyang,Meng Lingjun,Zou Yuxin,Xue Xiaopeng,Cheng Mozhen,Meng Fanyue,Qi Haonan,Wang Aoxue 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.6

NAC proteins in plants respond to stress and play an important role in plant growth regulation. This regulation occurs through a variety of downstream eff ects mediated by plant hormones in response to stress. In this study, we performed a systematic genome-wide analysis of the NAC gene family in tomato based on genome version SL4.0. We identifi ed 99 SlNAC genes by abiotic stress analysis of conserved motifs and gene structure, phylogenetic analysis, cis-element analysis, chromosome localization analysis, synteny relationship and expression pattern analysis. These 99 SlNAC genes were distributed on all 12 chromosomes. Except for genes without introns, there was no signifi cant correlation between gene structures and phylogenetic relationships. Most of the cis-elements identifi ed were associated with plant hormones and environmental responses. There were 77 SlNAC genes that showed no homogeneity between tomato and wild rice, suggesting that these homologous genes arose after the diff erentiation of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. The comprehensive analysis of the SlNAC gene family provides a valuable resource for studying this gene family in tomato and a foundation for further study of the functional characteristics of these genes.

Potential Application of Temporal 3D (4D) Scanning to Ergonomic Design: State-of-the-art and its Perspectives

Xiaopeng Yang,Lei Chen,Kihyo Jung,Heecheon You 대한인간공학회 2020 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

Objective: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive review of literature on 3D and 4D scanning technologies and potential applications of 4D scanning techniques in ergonomic product design. Background: Dynamic anthropometric data is needed to consider the changes of human body dimensions while using a product in the product design process. Method: A literature review was conducted on 34 papers which were selected by the process of title screening, abstract screening, and full text screening. Results: 3D scanning techniques can be classified into three catalogs: laser, structured light, and stereo photogrammetry. Though still challenging, 4D scanning systems self-built or commercialized have been developed. 4D scanning systems have been applied to understanding foot-shape changes and foot kinematics during walking, analyzing human facial movements, and evaluating the fit of sportswear design. Conclusion: 4D scanning systems have great potential in design and evaluation of ergonomic products. Application: The literature survey results can be of help to understand 4D scanning systems and their applicability in ergonomic design and evaluation.

Potential Application of Temporal 3D Body Scanning Techniques to Ergonomic Design

Xiaopeng Yang,Lei Chen,Wonsup Lee,Heecheon You 대한인간공학회 2017 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.4

SERPINE1 as an Independent Prognostic Marker and Therapeutic Target for Nicotine-Related Oral Carcinoma

Xiaopeng Guo,Xianlu Zhuo,Zhen Sun,Huarong Chen,Junjun Ling,Houyu Zhao,Aoshuang Chang 대한이비인후과학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.16 No.1

Objectives. Nicotine is an ingredient of tobacco, and exposure to nicotine increases the risks of various cancers, includingoral cancer. Previous studies have focused on the addictive properties of nicotine, but its carcinogenic mechanism hasrarely been studied. We aimed to explore the key genes in the process through which nicotine promotes the occur-rence and development of oral cancer via data mining and experimental verification. Methods. This study involved three parts. First, key genes related to nicotine-related oral cancer were screened throughdata mining; second, the expression and clinical significance of a key gene in oral cancer tissues were verified by bio-informatics. Finally, the expression and clinical significance of the key gene in oral cancer were histologically investi-gated, and the effects of its expression on cell proliferation, invasion, and drug resistance were cytologically assessed. Results. SERPINE1 was identified as the key gene, which was upregulated in nicotine-treated oral cells and may be an in-dependent prognostic factor for oral cancer. SERPINE1 was enriched in various pathways, such as the tumor necro-sis factor and apelin pathways, and was related to the infiltration of macrophages, CD4+T cells, and CD8+T cells. Overexpression of SERPINE1 was associated with N staging and may be involved in hypoxia, angiogenesis, and me-tastasis. Knockdown of SERPINE1 in oral cancer cells resulted in weakened cell proliferation and invasion abilityand increased sensitivity to bleomycin and docetaxel. Conclusion. This study revealed SERPINE1 as a key gene for nicotine-related oral cancer, indicating that SERPINE1 maybe a novel prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for oral carcinoma.

A contrastive study of the introduction of cobalt as a modifier for active components and supports of catalysts for NH3-SCR

Xiaopeng Zhang,Boxiong Shen,Kai Wang,Jianhong Chen 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.4

‘Three catalysts Mn/Ce–ZrOX, Mn–Co/Ce–ZrOX and Mn/Co–Ce–ZrOX were used for low-temperature NH3-SCR of NO. XRD, TPR and XPS were performed to characterize the physicochemical property of the catalysts. Experimental results showed that Mn/Co–Ce–ZrOX had a higher dispersion of manganese oxides, a better redox property, more surface acid sites and more surface adsorbed oxygen species and Mn4+ ion. These facts caused a better low-temperature activity for Mn/Co–Ce–ZrOX which was 99.0% at 180 8C. Furthermore, Mn/Co–Ce–ZrOX showed the best resistance to SO2 and H2O which mainly because the introduction of cobalt inhibited the formation of sulfate salts and hydroxyls on the surface of Mn/Co–Ce–ZrOX.

Numerical Simulation Analysis of Damage Mode of Concrete Gravity Dam under Close-in Explosion

Jianyun Chen,Xiaopeng Liu,Qiang Xu 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.1

The study of damage mode of a concrete gravity dam under close-in explosive impact is a critical issue to assess the dam’s antiknock security. In this paper, a fluid-structure coupled finite element numerical method with combination of Lagrangian and Eulerian algorithm is applied, taking into consideration the damage development process of the Huangdeng concrete gravity dam. The damage mode of a square reinforced concrete slab under close-in blast loads has been simulated and discussed as a comparison with real experiment to verify the feasibility of the numerical simulation. The influence of the presence of spillway tunnel on damage mode of the concrete gravity dam has been investigated. Different damage modes of the concrete gravity dam are compared and studied for different standoff distances and different detonation depths. The damage process of the dam with time course is researched. The influence of different mediums, where the explosion occurs, on the failure mode of the dam is also researched. The analysis results show that attention should be paid to the concrete gravity dam subjected to close-in upstream shallow underwater blasts. It also should be focused on that the presence of spillway tunnel can affect the damage result of the dam.

Consumer behaviour of pre-teen and teenage youth in China

Osmud Rahman,Xiaopeng Chen,Raymond Au 한국마케팅과학회 2013 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.4 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate how age, gender, information sources andparent-child communication may influence Chinese pre-teen (9–12 years old)and teenage (13–18 years old) shopping behaviour. A quantitative research methodand a self-administered questionnaire was employed to measure the significanceof clothing evaluative cues, parent-child communication and shopping behaviour ofpre-teens and teens in the People’s Republic of China. In total, 273 usable datawere collected for this study. It is evident that peer influence was considered byrespondents as an important information source, followed by store displays. Parent–child communication also played an important role on clothing consumption. Inorder to meet the needs and aspirations of these young consumers, fashion designersshould pay attention to material selection and usage. In addition, fashion retailersshould focus on the visual and experiential aspects of the store environment inorder to build a stronger connection and resonance with these young consumergroups.

Dynamics of bubble formation and ascent motion on submerged orifices under different Mo number of petrol-based random copolymer solutions

Zhongyao Zhang,Xiaopeng Chen,Jiezhen Liang,Xiaojie Wei,Kaixi Deng,Jiezhong Zou,Linlin Wang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.111 No.-

The petrol-based random copolymer, e.g., aromatic-hydrocarbon resin, is widely used in industrial production,but the research about its gas–liquid two flow is far from being solved. Herein, the formation,motion, and deformation of a single bubble in six different concentrations of random copolymer solutionswere systemically investigated using high-speed photography (1000 fps), combined with digital imageprocessing technology. The departure time of the bubble first decreases and then increases, and maximumof aspect ratio and specific surface area reduce as the proportion of solute increases. The bubbledeparture time decreases and bubble size increases with viscous force increases in the case of same surfacetension. Based on force balance analysis, added mass force is one of the prime reasons to affect bubbleoscillation during the acceleration phase after bubble detachment, whereas the effect of added massforce decreases as solute increases or as the bubble reaches stability zone. Also, velocity, drag coefficientand aspect ratio of bubble were discussed in detail by dimensionless analysis. Furthermore, three newshape numerical models (based on We, Ta, and WeEo, respectively) were proposed, which allowed for satisfactorypredictions, and new correlations represent well the experimental data in a wider range of Monumbers from the mentioned literature (11.6 logMo 0.63).