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The diversity, recombination and horizontal transmission of Wolbachia in spiders in China
Yang Xiao-Hui,Gong Yu-Hui,Xu Xiang,Yin Hai-Qiang,Zhu Dao-Hong 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.3
Wolbachia are maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria. These intracellular bacteria are common in ar thropods and could manipulate host reproduction in diverse ways, such as feminization, parthenogenesis, male killing and cytoplasmic incompatibility. In spiders, infection by Wolbachia has been found in a total of 99 species belonging to 62 genera and 17 families. Furthermore, recent studies analyzed the phylogeny of Wolbachia in Hylyphantes graminicola, 2 cave spiders and Agelenopsis species using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach. However, the diversity of Wolbachia strains determined by MLST in spiders from China is still largely unknown. In this study, we collected 1153 spider individuals from Mangshan in China and screened for Wolbachia in 975 individuals representing 68 spider species belonging to 45 genera of 16 families. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationship between Wolbachia and their host spiders by MLST approach. We found novel infections of Wol bachia in 1 family, 9 genera and 20 species of spiders. We found 13 new Wolbachia strains and suggest that group A is more common than group B in Wolbachia that infect spiders. Our results revealed three recombination events of the concatenated multilocus sequences in Wolbachia that infect spiders. Furthermore, our results demonstrated the phylogenetic incongruence between Wolbachia and spiders, suggesting the horizontal transmission of Wol bachia in spiders. We suggest that recombination and horizontal transmission may play an important role in the diversity and evolution of Wolbachia in spiders.
Xiao-Hui Zhang,Hong Wu,Shu Tang,Qiao-Ning Li,Jiao Xu,Miao Zhang,Ya-Nan Su,Bin Yin,Qi-Ling Zhao,Nicole Kemper,Joerg Hartung,Endong Bao 대한수의학회 2017 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.18 No.2
To determine heat-shock protein (Hsp)90 expression is connected with cellular apoptotic response to heat stress and its mechanism, chicken (Gallus gallus) primary myocardial cells were treated with the Hsp90 promoter, aspirin, and its inhibitor, geldanamycin (GA), before heat stress. Cellular viability, heat-stressed apoptosis and reactive oxygen species level under different treatments were measured, and the expression of key proteins of the signaling pathway related to Hsp90 and their colocalization with Hsp90 were detected. The results showed that aspirin treatment increased the expression of protein kinase B (Akt), the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 and p-IKKa/b and the colocalization of Akt and STAT-3 with Hsp90 during heat stress, which was accompanied by improved viability and low apoptosis. GA significantly inhibited Akt expression and p-IKKa/b level, but not STAT-3 quantity, while the colocalization of Akt and STAT-3 with Hsp90 was weakened, followed by lower cell viability and higher apoptosis. Aspirin after GA treatment partially improved the stress response and apoptosis rate of tested cells caused by the recovery of Akt expression and colocalization, rather than the level of STAT-3 (including its co-localization with Hsp90) and p-IKKa/b. Therefore, Hsp90 expression has a positive effect on cellular capacity to resist heat-stressed injury and apoptosis. Moreover, inhibition of Hsp90 before stress partially attenuated its positive effects.
肖永明,殷慧 한중인문학회 2008 한중인문학연구 Vol.25 No.-
정치, 경제, 문화 등의 영향으로 북송시대 유가사상은 명확하게 두 갈래 양상으로 나뉘어졌는데, 바로 이구(李覯), 왕안석(王安石) 등의 '주례(周禮)를 기본 정석으로 삼아 예학제도 확립을 추구하여 부국강병을 이루자라는 측면과 장재(張載), 二程(정호<程顥>와 정이<程頤>)으로 대표되는 理學(성리학)자들의 '禮에 대하여 도덕적 사색(形而上學의)을 함으로써 철학의 체계를 세우자'라는 측면이다. 공통적으로 이 두 갈래 견해는 모두 예의 중요성을 강조하고 있으며, 한편으로 '모든 것이 禮로 통 한다'라는 관점을 드러내고 있고, 다른 한편으로는 '禮는 곧 理이다'라는 사상을 잘 설명하고 있다. Under the influence of politics, economy and culture in the Northern Song, the thought on rite has two obvious branches. Based on the Rites of Zhou, Ligou and Wanganshi tended to establish the system on rite to strengthen the country; The other branch inclined to seek a way to view the thought on rite morally and construct it at the philosophical aspect, with three Neo-Confucianists-Zhangzai and Cheng brothers as the representatives. Both emphasized the importance of rite, one put forward the point view that "rite is the general form" while the other expressed the thought of "rite is the principle".
A taxonomic study of genus Teleogryllus from East Asia (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
Hui Lu,Xiao-Yin Wang,Han-Qiang Wang,Kai Li,Zhu-Qing He 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.2
Crickets belonging to Teleogryllus spp. are widely distributed in East Asia and they are difficult to distinguish. In this study, a phylogenetic tree of Teleogryllus is reconstructed by COI gene, and all species can be distinguished well. The possible evolutionary histories of male genitalia, songs and life history are discussed. The result supports establishing subgenera Macroteleogryllus and Brachyteleogryllus of Teleogryllus spp. from East Asia. T. boninensis is moved to Brachyteleogryllus. The calling song of four species includes both long and short chirps, and the rest just have single chirps. The species inhabit sympatrically trend to have different type of calling song. Egg overwinter type evolved several times independently.
殷慧(Yin Hui),肖永明 (Xiao Yong Ming) 새한철학회 2011 哲學論叢 Vol.64 No.2
주희의 <의례경전통해>편찬 과정과 그것이 직면한 도전에 대한 고증을 통해 주희 예학이 무학과 영가학의 영향을 받은 흔적을 발견 할 수 있으며, 또한 유가경전과 역사학에 의해 동화된 점도 발견할 수 있다. Through textual research of the process and challenge in the compilation of Zhu Xi's YiLiJingZhuanTongJie, it found that, assimilating the study of Confucian classics and historiography. Zhu Xi;s ritual study was influenced by the Wu-school and Yong-jia school.
Qian Ding,Xiao-Li Xie,Miao-Miao Wang,Jie Yin,Jin-Mei Tian,Xiao-Yu Jiang,Di Zhang,Jing Han,Yun Bai,Zi-Jin Cui,Hui-Qing Jiang 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-
The clearance of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by apoptosis is critical for the reversibility of hepatic fibrosis. Mitochondrial homeostasis is regulated by mitophagy, which is an efficient way of clearing injured mitochondria that plays an important role in apoptosis. However, the role of mitophagy in apoptosis in HSCs and hepatic fibrosis is still unclear. Here, we show that mitophagy is enhanced in parallel with increased apoptosis in hepatic stellate cells during the reversal of hepatic fibrosis. The inhibition of mitophagy suppressed apoptosis in HSCs and aggravated hepatic fibrosis in mice. In contrast, the activation of mitophagy induced apoptosis in HSCs. Furthermore, we confirmed that BCL-B, which is a member of the BCL-2 family, is a regulator mediating mitophagy-related apoptosis. The knockdown of BCL-B resulted in increased apoptosis and mitophagy in HSCs, while the overexpression of BCL-B caused the opposite effects. BCL-B inhibited the phosphorylation of Parkin (a key regulator of mitophagy) and directly bound phospho-Parkin. Altogether, enhanced mitophagy promotes apoptosis in HSCs during the reversal of hepatic fibrosis. BCL-B suppresses mitophagy in HSCs by binding and suppressing phospho-Parkin, thereby inhibiting apoptosis. BCLB- dependent mitophagy is a new pathway for the regulation of apoptosis in HSCs during the regression of hepatic fibrosis