Changes in the physicochemical properties and in vitro protein digestibility of peanut hulls treated via mechanical activation

Miao-miao Feng,Ya-fen Wang,Xuan Cai,Hong-cai Zhang,Jian-xiong Xu 한국식품과학회 2022 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.31 No.6

In this study, peanut hulls powder (PHP) wastreated via mechanical activation (MA) and divided intothree groups (control, PHP150 and PHP250). Physicochemicalproperties including mean particle size distribution(MPSD), powder properties, solubility and in vitro proteindigestibility of PHP were then investigated. The resultsshowed that MA could decrease the particle size of PHP bydestroying its crystal structure, resulting in an increase ofamorphization and a decrease of crystallinity and crystallinesize. The results of in vitro protein digestibility and crudefi ber contents showed that MA increased the protein digestibilityof PHP by 43.32% and 74.70% ( P < 0.05), while crudefi ber content was decreased by 0.42% and 26.65% ( P < 0.05). These fi ndings indicated a large application potential of MAin PHP treatment.

Prognostic Value of TP53 Mutation for Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Failure/Refractoriness in HBV-Related Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Miao Xue,Yanqin Wu,Wenzhe Fan,Jian Guo,Jialiang Wei,Hongyu Wang,Jizhou Tan,Yu Wang,Wang Yao,Yue Zhao,Jiaping Li 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.3

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic features and mutational landscape of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related advanced hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Materials and Methods From January 2017 to December 2018, 38 patients newly diagnosed with HBV-related advanced HCC were enrolled in the final analysis. Their pathological tissues and corresponding blood samples before TACE treatment were collected for whole-exome sequencing. Response to TACE was evaluated at 1-3 months after two consecutive use of TACE. Predictive factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses in a bivariate Logistic regression model. Enrichment of related pathways of all driver genes were acquired using the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results Among 38 patients, 23 (60.5%) exhibited TACE failure/refractoriness. Patients with TACE failure/refractoriness showed higher frequency of TP53 mutation than their counterparts (p=0.020). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that only vascular invasion and TP53mutation were significantly correlated with TACE failure/refractoriness in HBV-related advanced HCC. Of the 16 patients without vascular invasion, eight (50.0%) had TP53 mutations, and TP53mutation was associated with TACE failure/refractoriness (p=0.041). Moreover, GSEA showed that mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways induced by TP53 mutation were possibly associated with TACE failure/refractoriness. Conclusion Our study suggested that TP53 mutation was independently related with TACE efficacy, which may work via mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways. These findings may provide evidence to help distinguish patients who will particularly benefit from TACE from those who require more personalized therapeutic regimens and rigorous surveillance in HBV-related advanced HCC.

Bioactive Compounds / Food Microbiology : Improvement of Natamycin Production by Cholesterol Oxidase Overexpression in Streptomyces gilvosporeus

( Miao Wang ),( Shao Hua Wang ),( Gong Li Zong ),( Zhong Wen Hou ),( Fei Liu ),( D Joshua Liao ),( Xi Qiang Zhu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.2

Natamycin is a widely used antifungal antibiotic. For natamycin biosynthesis, the gene pimE encodes cholesterol oxidase, which acts as a signalling protein. To confirm the positive effect of the gene pimE on natamycin biosynthesis, an additional copy of the gene pimE was inserted into the genome of Streptomyces gilvosporeus 712 under the control of the ermE* promoter (permE*) using intergeneric conjugation. Overexpression of the target protein engendered 72% and 81% increases in the natamycin production and cell productivity, respectively, compared with the control strain. Further improvement in the antibiotic production was achieved in a 1 L fermenter to 7.0 g/l, which was a 153% improvement after 120 h cultivation. Exconjugants highly expressing pimE and pimM were constructed to investigate the effects of both genes on the increase of natamycin production. However, the co-effect of pimE and pimM did not enhance the antibiotic production obviously, compared with the exconjugants highly expressing pimE only. These results suggest not only a new application of cholesterol oxidase but also a useful strategy to genetically engineer natamycin production.

The Impact of Regional Differences in CEO Origin, Economic Level, and Confucian Culture on Charitable Donations by Chinese Companies

Miao Wang,Joogwook Kwon,Junjian Li 한국무역금융보험학회(구 한국무역보험학회) 2023 무역금융보험연구 Vol.24 No.2

본 논문은 기업 CEO의 출신지, 경제수준 지역, 유교문화 지역이 기업의 자선 기부 행위와 기 부금에 미치는 영향에 대해 고찰하고자 하였다. 본 논문에서는 로지스틱 모형(Logistic model) 과 다변량 OLS(ordinary least square)를 활용하여 효과를 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과, 기업의 다 양한 지리적 위치와 기업의 자선 기부는 양의 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문은 기업의 지리적 환경이 경영진의 가치 및 의사결정에 의미 있는 영향을 주는 결과를 보여줌으로서 최 고경영진 이론(upper echelon theory)에 기여가 있다고 할 수 있다. 마지막으로, 본 논문에서는 실증 분석 결과를 통해 정부의 기업 자선 기부 관리를 위한 실질적인 시사점을 제공하였다. Purpose : This paper investigates the impact of firm's CEO origin, economy level and Confucian culture location on firm's charitable donation behavior and donation amount. Research design, data, methodology : Logistic model and Multivariate Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model are used to estimate their effect. This paper analyzes the data of listed companies from CSMAR database in China with 11087 samples. Results : Results show that firm’s diverse location (CEO origin, economy level and Confucian culture) and firm’s charitable donation are positively related. Conclusions : Our paper enriches upper echelon theory by providing that firm’s location environment has a significant impact on executive’s value and influences their decision-making and strategies. Finally, our results offer practical implications for government sectors to establish a perfect charity system of Chinese characteristics.

Limiting the Number of Open Projects to Shorten the NPD Schedule

Wang, Miao-Ling,Yang, Chun-I,Chang, Sheng-Hung Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2011 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.10 No.1

Many companies open multiple projects simultaneously due to market trends, which results in a crowding out effect because of limited resources. R&D engineers become overloaded and scheduling of product development is delayed resulting in timing misses and lost sales leads. The company in this case study (Company A), often opens up many projects simultaneously in order to respond to market needs quickly. The engineers are overloaded and, of course, the schedule is delayed. In order to identify problems, Company A began using Dr. Goldratt's Thinking Processes (TP) during new product development (NPD). When the analysis phase of TP was completed, Company A's core problem was identified as "the quantity of kick-off projects." Consequently, new rules and conditions and procedures were proposed for the opening, suspending, stopping, and closing of projects. Finally, the "Future Reality Tree" ensured that the proposed rules, conditions and procedures were set up as an available solution approved for practical application by executives. After a one-year trial run, the results showed that the Project Duration Rate was reduced by 53%, the Project Closed Rate was increased by 140% and the Project on Time Rate was increased from 10% to 68%. The above results give significant evidence of the benefits of the proposed methodology.

Limiting the Number of Open Projects to Shorten the NPD Schedule

Miao-Ling Wang,Chun-I Yang,Sheng-Hung Chang 대한산업공학회 2011 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.10 No.1

Many companies open multiple projects simultaneously due to market trends, which results in a crowding out effect because of limited resources. R&D engineers become overloaded and scheduling of product development is delayed resulting in timing misses and lost sales leads. The company in this case study (Company A), often opens up many projects simultaneously in order to respond to market needs quickly. The engineers are overloaded and, of course, the schedule is delayed. In order to identify problems, Company A began using Dr. Goldratt"s Thinking Processes (TP) during new product development (NPD). When the analysis phase of TP was completed, Company A"s core problem was identified as "the quantity of kick-off projects." Consequently, new rules and conditions and procedures were proposed for the opening, suspending, stopping, and closing of projects. Finally, the "Future Reality Tree" ensured that the proposed rules, conditions and procedures were set up as an available solution approved for practical application by executives. After a one-year trial run, the results showed that the Project Duration Rate was reduced by 53%, the Project Closed Rate was increased by 140% and the Project on Time Rate was increased from 10% to 68%. The above results give significant evidence of the benefits of the proposed methodology.

ATM Signaling Pathway Is Implicated in the SMYD3-mediated Proliferation and Migration of Gastric Cancer Cells

Wang, Lei,Wang, Qiu-Tong,Liu, Yu-Peng,Dong, Qing-Qing,Hu, Hai-Jie,Miao, Zhi,Li, Shuang,Liu, Yong,Zhou, Hao,Zhang, Tong-Cun,Ma, Wen-Jian,Luo, Xue-Gang The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2017 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.17 No.4

Purpose: We previously found that the histone methyltransferase suppressor of variegation, enhancer of zeste, trithorax and myeloid-nervy-deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1 domain-containing protein 3 (SMYD3) is a potential independent predictive factor or prognostic factor for overall survival in gastric cancer patients, but its roles seem to differ from those in other cancers. Therefore, in this study, the detailed functions of SMYD3 in cell proliferation and migration in gastric cancer were examined. Materials and Methods: SMYD3 was overexpressed or suppressed by transfection with an expression plasmid or siRNA, and a wound healing migration assay and Transwell assay were performed to detect the migration and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells. Additionally, an MTT assay and clonogenic assay were performed to evaluate cell proliferation, and a cell cycle analysis was performed by propidium iodide staining. Furthermore, the expression of genes implicated in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) pathway and proteins involved in cell cycle regulation were detected by polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. Results: Compared with control cells, gastric cancer cells transfected with si-SMYD3 showed lower migration and invasion abilities (P<0.05), and the absence of SMYD3 halted cells in G2/M phase and activated the ATM pathway. Furthermore, the opposite patterns were observed when SMYD3 was elevated in normal gastric cells. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence that the absence of SMYD3 could inhibit the migration, invasion, and proliferation of gastric cancer cells and halt cells in G2/M phase via the ATM-CHK2/p53-Cdc25C pathway. These findings indicated that SMYD3 plays crucial roles in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells and may be a useful therapeutic target in human gastric carcinomas.

Improving Cellulase Production in Trichoderma koningii Through RNA Interference on ace1 Gene Expression

( Wang Shao Wen ),( Miao Xing ),( Gang Liu ),( Shao Wen Yu ),( Juan Wang ),( Sheng Li Tian ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.8

Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) inhibits the expression of target genes in a sequence-specific manner, and shows potential for gene knockdown in filamentous fungi, in which the locus-specific gene knockout occurs in low frequency. In this study, the function of the repressor of cellulase expression I (ACEI) was verified in Trichoderma koningii (T. koningii) YC01 through RNAi, and ace1-silenced strains with improved cellulase productivity were obtained. An expression cassette that transcribed the interfering double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of ace1 was constructed and transformed into T. koningii, and the transformants, in which the expression of ace1 was successfully silenced, were selected. As a result of the ace1 gene silencing, the expression levels of the main cellulase and xylanase genes were elevated, and the enhanced production of total proteins, cellulase, and xylanase was observed in the cultivation. In addition, the downregulation of ace1 resulted in an increasing expression of xyr1, but no clear variation in the expression of cre1, which suggested that ACEI acted as a repressor of the xyr1 transcription, but was not involved in the regulation of the cre1 expression. The results of this work indicate that ace1 is a valid target gene for enhancing enzyme production in T. koningii, and RNAi is an appropriate tool for improving the properties of industrial fungi.

Identification of reference genes for normalization of gene expression in Liposcelis entomophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae)

Miao Shiyuan,Yang Binbin,Wang Suisui,Wang Zhengyan,Lu Yujie 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.4

Liposcelis entomophila is a nuisance pest that seriously threatens the safety of stored grains owing in part of pesticide resistance. To facilitate better control of L. entomophila, future studies need to focus on gene function characterization. This requires the identification of suitable reference genes (RGs) for reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), which is crucial for the normalization of target gene expression. Here, we evalu ated the expression stability of 12 candidate RGs in L. entomophila across six experimental conditions (devel opmental stage, population, body part, phosphine fumigation, hypoxia induction, and temperature treatment). Under developmental conditions, ACTB, HSP70, and RPL23 were the most stable RGs. Among the different populations and body parts, RPL23, EF1a, and ACTB were the most stable RGs. Comparison of gene expression among adults under different environmental conditions revealed that at least seven RGs were fit for normalizing gene expression data. Among them, RPL23, EF1a, and ACTB showed the best fit as RGs in RT-qPCR analysis. After validation, our results demonstrated that EF1a and ACTB, as well as their combination, were the ideal RGs for L. entomophila across various experimental conditions. This study provides a comprehensive RG selection sug gestion for gene expression studies of L. entomophila and will facilitate future functional genomic research on the development and tolerance of environmental factors in psocids.

Over-Expression of Beclin-1 Facilitates Acquired Resistance to Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor-Induced Apoptosis

Wang, Shi-Miao,Li, Xiao-Hui,Xiu, Zhi-Long Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Apoptotic cell death plays a predominant role in histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor-induced cytotoxicity. Nuclear morphological changes and activation of apoptotic executors are involved in CTS203-induced cell death. However, emerging issues of HDAC inhibitor-resistance have been observed in patients. Herein, MCF-7 cells were continuously exposed to CTS203 until the derived cells could proliferate normally in its presence. The newly obtained CTS203-resistant cells were nominated as MCF-7/203R. Compared to MCF-7 original cells, the MCF-7/203R cells were less sensitive to CTS203-induced apoptosis, with a minimal 6-fold higher $IC_{50}$ value. In contrast, the expression of Beclin-1 was dramatically up-regulated, positively correlated to the acquisition of CTS203-resistance. Our results revealed the participation of autophagy in acquired HDAC inhibitor-resistance and further identified Beclin-1 as a promising target for anti-drug resistance.