A New ent-Kaurane type Diterpenoid Glycoside from Inula japonica Thunb

Jiang Jiang Qin,Jia Xian Zhu,Wei Dong Zhang1,2,Yan Zhu,Jian Jun Fu,Xiao Hua Liu,Hui Zi Jin 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.10

A new ent-kaurane type diterpenoid glycoside, 17-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-16α-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (1), together with 17-hydroxy-16α-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (2), 16α,17-dihydroxyl-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (3), and 16α-hydroxy-17-acetoxy-ent- kauran-19-oic acid (4) were isolated from the aerial parts of Inula japonica Thunb. The structure of 1 was determined mainly by use of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques including HSQC, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC, and NOESY. In addition, 4 exhibited significant inhibitory activity on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells with IC50 value of 14.3 μg/mL.

The association of Hsp90 expression induced by aspirin with anti-stress damage in chicken myocardial cells

Xiao-hui Zhang,Huai-sen Zhu,Zhuang Qian,Shu Tang,Di Wu,Nicole Kemper,Joerg Hartung,Endong Bao 대한수의학회 2016 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.17 No.1

The protective effect of aspirin during exposure to heat stress in broiler chickens was investigated. We assayed pathological damage, expression and distribution of Hsp90 protein and hsp90 mRNA expression in chicken heart tissues after oral administration of aspirin following exposure to high temperature for varying times. Heat stress induced increases in plasma aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities while causing severe heart damage, which was characterized by granular and vacuolar degeneration, nuclear shrinkage and even myocardium fragmentation in cardiac muscle fibers. After aspirin administration, myocardial cells showed fewer pathological lesions than broilers treated with heat alone. A high positive Hsp90 signal was always detected in the nuclei of myocardial cells from broilers treated with aspirin, while in myocardial cells treated with heat alone, Hsp90 in the nuclei decreased, as did that in the cytoplasm. Aspirin induced rapid and significant synthesis of Hsp90 before and at the initial phase of heat stress, and significant expression of hsp90 mRNA was stimulated throughout the experiment when compared with cells exposed to heat stress alone. Thus, specific pre-induction of Hsp90 in cardiovascular tissue was useful for resisting heat stress damage because it produced stable damage-related enzymes and fewer pathologic changes.

Apoptosis in response to heat stress is positively associated with heat-shock protein 90 expression in chicken myocardial cells in vitro

Xiao-Hui Zhang,Hong Wu,Shu Tang,Qiao-Ning Li,Jiao Xu,Miao Zhang,Ya-Nan Su,Bin Yin,Qi-Ling Zhao,Nicole Kemper,Joerg Hartung,Endong Bao 대한수의학회 2017 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.18 No.2

To determine heat-shock protein (Hsp)90 expression is connected with cellular apoptotic response to heat stress and its mechanism, chicken (Gallus gallus) primary myocardial cells were treated with the Hsp90 promoter, aspirin, and its inhibitor, geldanamycin (GA), before heat stress. Cellular viability, heat-stressed apoptosis and reactive oxygen species level under different treatments were measured, and the expression of key proteins of the signaling pathway related to Hsp90 and their colocalization with Hsp90 were detected. The results showed that aspirin treatment increased the expression of protein kinase B (Akt), the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 and p-IKKa/b and the colocalization of Akt and STAT-3 with Hsp90 during heat stress, which was accompanied by improved viability and low apoptosis. GA significantly inhibited Akt expression and p-IKKa/b level, but not STAT-3 quantity, while the colocalization of Akt and STAT-3 with Hsp90 was weakened, followed by lower cell viability and higher apoptosis. Aspirin after GA treatment partially improved the stress response and apoptosis rate of tested cells caused by the recovery of Akt expression and colocalization, rather than the level of STAT-3 (including its co-localization with Hsp90) and p-IKKa/b. Therefore, Hsp90 expression has a positive effect on cellular capacity to resist heat-stressed injury and apoptosis. Moreover, inhibition of Hsp90 before stress partially attenuated its positive effects.

THE DIGITAL SYNTHESIS OF OCEAN RETURNED SIGNAL FOR SATELLITE ALTIMETER

Zhang, Xiao Hui,Guo, Wei 대한원격탐사학회 2001 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.17 No.1

The Return Signal Simulator (RS5) is an important equipment which can , realize the ground-based testing and calibrating of satellite altimeter. It is one of the key techniques of developing RSS to construct appropriately simulated ocean returned signal. Based upon the pulse reconstruction RSS technique and the altimeter theoretical model, a method of constructing simulated ocean returned signal by the digital synthesis is put forward and realized. The results of testing and calibrating the altimeter by using RSS indicated that the synthesized simulated ocean returned signal not only satisfied the statistics of ocean returned signal but also provided the concerned information for testing the altimeter performance. The results are stable and reliable. The method can be realized easily and can give an important reference to develop advanced RSS.

A Novel Virtual Space Vector Modulation Strategy for the Neutral-Point Potential Comprehensive Balance of Neutral-Point-Clamped Converters

Zhang, Chuan-Jin,Tang, Yi,Han, Dong,Zhang, Hui,Zhang, Xiao,Wang, Ke The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.3

A novel Virtual Space Vector (VSV) modulation strategy for complete control of potential neutral point (NP) issues is proposed in this paper. The neutral point potential balancing problems of multi-level converters, which include elimination of low frequency oscillations and self-balancing for NP dc unbalance, are investigated first. Then a set of improved virtual space vectors with dynamic adjustment factors are introduced and a multi-objective optimization algorithm which aims to optimize these adjustment factors is presented in this paper. The improved virtual space vectors and the multi-objective optimization algorithm constitute the novel Virtual Space Vector modulation. The proposed novel Virtual Space Vector modulation can simultaneously recover NP dc unbalance and eliminate low frequency oscillations of the neutral point. Experiment results show that the proposed strategy has excellent performance, and that both of the neutral point potential issues can be solved.

EVALUATION OF THE ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY BY CdTe QDs WITH VERBASCOSIDE

XIAO-HUI ZHAO,HUI-LAN YUE,PING LI,XIN ZENG,GEN ZHANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2013 NANO Vol.8 No.3

Cadmium telluride quantum dots (QDs) have received significant attention in biomedical research because of their potential in drug delivery. In this study, the chemotherapeutic agent Verbascoside (VB) was immobilized successfully onto CdTe QDs by covalent bonding between the –OH group of VB and the –COOH group of CdTe QDs. The amount of VB that could be immobilized depended on the concentration of –COOH groups (succinic acid) on the surface of the CdTe QDs. Apoptotic staining, DNA fragmentation and flow cytometry analysis further demonstrated that compared with CdTe QDs or VB treatment alone, the apoptosis rate increased after the treatment of CdTe QDs together with VB (VB–QDs) in HepG2/ADM cells. We observed that VB–QDs treatment could clearly activate apoptosis-related Caspase 3 expression in HepG2/ADM cells. Moreover, our in vivo study indicated that the treatment of VB–QDs effectively inhibited the human hepatoma HepG2/ADM nude mice tumor growth. The increased cell apoptosis rate was closely correlated with the enhanced inhibition of tumor growth in the studied animals. Thus, VB–QDs may serve as a possible alternative for therapeutic approaches for some cancer treatments. In summary, studies have shown that cancer cells are treated by the presence of VB–QDs nanoparticles based on analysis of cell apoptosis.

Perioperative Comprehensive Supportive Care Interventions for Chinese Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma: a Prospective Study

Zhang, Xiao-Dan,Zhao, Qing-Yu,Fang, Yi,Chen, Guan-Xuan,Zhang, Hui-Fang,Zhang, Wen-Xiao,Yang, Xiao-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Objective: To assess the effects of perioperative comprehensive supportive care interventions on outcome of Chinese esophageal cancer patients in a prospective study. Methods: 60 patients with primary esophageal carcinoma were randomized into an intervention group (IG, n=31) and a control group (CG, n=29). The Chinese version of symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) was adopted to assess their psychological status. The interventions, including health education, psychological support, stress management, coping strategies and behavior training, were carried out in 3 phases (preoperative, postoperative I and postoperative II), and psychological effects were thereafter evaluated accordingly before surgery, and 1 week, 4 weeks and 24 weeks post-surgery. Medical costs were estimated at discharge. Survival of patients was estimated each year post-surgery. General health status and satisfaction-with-hospital were surveyed by a follow-up questionnaire 4 years post-surgery. Results: All the subjects demonstrated higher scores in the preoperative phase than the normal range of Chinese population concerning 7 psychological domains including somatization, obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation. Although no significant difference was observed between the two groups at admission, the scores of IG, which tended to decrease at a faster rate, were generally lower than those of CG at weeks 1, 4 and 24 post-surgery. The length of hospital stay and medical costs of IG were significantly less than those of CG and satisfaction-with-hospital was better. However, there was no significant difference in 4-year survival or health status between two groups. Conclusions: Appropriate perioperative comprehensive supportive care interventions help to improve the psychological state of Chinese patients with esophageal carcinoma, to reduce health care costs and to promote satisfaction of patients and their families with hospital.

Predictive Current Control of a PMSM Three-Level Dual-Vector Model Based on Self-Anti-Disturbance Techniques

Zhang Xiao,Tao Ran,Xu Xiaoming,Wang Tingjie,Zhang Hui 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.6

Finite control set-model predictive control (FCS-MPC) has become a hotspot for power electronics applications and research in recent years due to its conceptual simplicity, ease of handling system constraints and excellent multivariable control capability. However, the traditional FCS-MPC vector selection direction is more fi xed and the steady-state performance of the system is poor, while the speed outer loop uses PI control and the speed regulation eff ect is easily infl uenced by the motor parameters and cannot solve the problem of fast and overshoot free at the same time. To address these problems, a threelevel two-vector model predictive current control method for permanent magnet synchronous motors is proposed based on a self-anti-disturbance technique. For the speed outer loop, a fi rst-order linear active disturbance rejection control is used instead of the traditional PI control, which solves the problem of overshooting and speed incompatibility and improves the robustness of the system; for the current inner loop, the idea of dual-vector model prediction is introduced to expand the selection range of the voltage vector, making the selection of the voltage vector more accurate, while a vector partitioning strategy is used to reduce the computational burden. The control system is modelled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation and test results show that the method has good parameter robustness, fast dynamic response and satisfactory steady-state performance.

SPON2 Promotes M1-like Macrophage Recruitment and Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Distinct Integrin–Rho GTPase–Hippo Pathways

Zhang, Yan-Li,Li, Qing,Yang, Xiao-Mei,Fang, Fang,Li, Jun,Wang, Ya-Hui,Yang, Qin,Zhu, Lei,Nie, Hui-Zhen,Zhang, Xue-Li,Feng, Ming-Xuan,Jiang, Shu-Heng,Tian, Guang-Ang,Hu, Li-Peng,Lee, Ho-Young,Lee, Su-J American Association for Cancer Research 2018 Cancer research Vol.78 No.9

<P>Matricellular protein SPON2 acts as an HCC suppressor and utilizes distinct signaling events to perform dual functions in HCC microenvironment.</P><P>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) represent key regulators of the complex interplay between cancer and the immune microenvironment. Matricellular protein SPON2 is essential for recruiting lymphocytes and initiating immune responses. Recent studies have shown that SPON2 has complicated roles in cell migration and tumor progression. Here we report that, in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), SPON2 not only promotes infiltration of M1-like macrophages but also inhibits tumor metastasis. SPON2-α4β1 integrin signaling activated RhoA and Rac1, increased F-actin reorganization, and promoted M1-like macrophage recruitment. F-Actin accumulation also activated the Hippo pathway by suppressing LATS1 phosphorylation, promoting YAP nuclear translocation, and initiating downstream gene expression. However, SPON2-α5β1 integrin signaling inactivated RhoA and prevented F-actin assembly, thereby inhibiting HCC cell migration; the Hippo pathway was not noticeably involved in SPON2-mediated HCC cell migration. In HCC patients, SPON2 levels correlated positively with prognosis. Overall, our findings provide evidence that SPON2 is a critical factor in mediating the immune response against tumor cell growth and migration in HCC.</P><P><B>Significance:</B> Matricellular protein SPON2 acts as an HCC suppressor and utilizes distinct signaling events to perform dual functions in HCC microenvironment.</P><P><B>Graphical Abstract:</B> http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/9/2305/F1.large.jpg. <I>Cancer Res; 78(9); 2305–17. ©2018 AACR</I>.</P><P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P><P> [Figure]</P>

Involvement of ER–calreticulin–Ca²⁺ signaling in the regulation of porcine oocyte meiotic maturation and maternal gene expression

Zhang, Ding-Xiao,Li, Xiao-Ping,Sun, Shao-Chen,Shen, Xing-Hui,Cui, Xiang-Shun,Kim, Nam-Hyung Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Molecular reproduction and development Vol.77 No.5

<P>Calcium is one of the most ubiquitous signaling molecules, and controls a wide variety of cellular processes. It is mainly stored in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), bound to lumenal proteins. Calreticulin is the major Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-binding chaperone in oocytes, and is integral to numerous cellular functions. To better understand the role of the ER– calreticulin–Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> pathway in oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis, we characterized the porcine calreticulin gene and investigated its expression profile during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. Calreticulin was widely expressed in pig tissues and its transcripts were downregulated during maturation, especially at 44 hr, and were undetectable at the blastocyst stage. We also investigated the effect of increased cytosolic Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> induced by the Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-ATPase inhibitor, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), on pig oocyte maturation and maternal gene expression. CPA at 10 µM did not inhibit germinal vesicle breakdown, but did result in the arrest of 38.6% oocytes at or before the MI stage. In addition, expression of the maternal genes C-mos, BMP15, GDF9, and Cyclin B1 was significantly increased in CPA-treated MII oocytes compared with control groups. These data were supported by the results of poly(A)-test PCR, which revealed that the cyclin B1 short isoform (CB-S), GDF9, and C-mos underwent more intensive polyadenylation modification in CPA-treated oocytes than control oocytes, suggesting that polyadenylation may influence Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-modulated changes in gene expression. Furthermore, CPA treatment decreased the percentage of four-cell parthenotes that developed into blastocysts, suggesting the need for functional SR/ER Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-ATPase pumps or Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> signals during early embryo development after zygotic genome activation. Together, these data indicate that ER–calreticulin-associated Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> homeostasis plays a role in oocyte and embryo development, and that alterations in maternal gene expression may contribute to the underlying molecular mechanism, at least partially, via polyadenylation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 462–471, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>