대만의 지능장애와 감각장애 특수학교 교장 전형 리더십에 대한 연구

蕭金土,高文民,卓美方,王金香 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2007 再活科學硏究 Vol.25 No.1

최근 몇 년 회귀 주류와의 융합 교육 정책 하에 대만의 특수 교육 학교는 예전과 다른 큰 변화에 직면해 있다. 완전 융합 이념의 실시 또 심신장애학생을 주류교육으로 회귀해야 한다는 것을 제창함으로, 특수교육학교는 인원이 감소하게 됐다. 특수교육 학교는 신입생 모집이 부족한 상황에서 학교 교사들의 관점이 교장의 지도에 대해 보는 관점이 어떻게 다른가? 그에 대한 요구도 다른가? 본 연구는 두 인자 변의 수 분석이 대만 지능 장애와 감각 장애 종류의 특수 교육 학교 교장전형 리더십에 대한 연구이다. 실험 대상자는 8개 지능 장애종류 특수교육 학교와 5개 감각 장애종류 특수 교육 학교의 259명의 교사이고 그들이 특수교육학교 교장 리더에 대한 건의를 제출했다. In recent years, the domestic special education schools have faced with huge changes under the mainstream and inclusive education policies for the implementation of the full-inclusive and the mainstream education for the students with impairment. That causes the special education schools to reduce classes. Under this situation, what are the teachers?fdifferent views about the principal? What are their needs? The study was undertaken through two-way ANOVA to explore principals?ftransformational leadership between the schools for the mentally retarded and for the sensory impaired. 259 teachers were selected from 8 schools for the mentally retarded and 5 sensory impairment special education schools. Based upon the findings, the implications for practice were proposed.

Association between PM2.5 exposure and risk of Parkinson’s disease in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwan: a nested case-control study

Ci-Wen Luo(Ci-Wen Luo),Yu-Hsiang Kuan(Yu-Hsiang Kuan),Wen-Ying Chen(Wen-Ying Chen),Chun-Jung Chen(Chun-Jung Chen),Frank Cheau-Feng Lin(Frank Cheau-Feng Lin ),Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai(Stella Chin-Shaw Tsa 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-

OBJECTIVES: This cohort study investigated the correlation between Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk under particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure. METHODS: Data from the National Health Research Institutes of Taiwan were used in this study. The Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan established an air quality monitoring network for monitoring Taiwan’s general air quality. COPD was indicated by at least 3 outpatient records and 1 hospitalization for COPD. After the implementation of age, sex, and endpoint matching at a 1:4 ratio, 137 patients and 548 patients were included in the case group and control group, respectively. Based on the 2005 World Health Organization (WHO) standards, monthly air particle concentration data were classified into the following 4 groups in analyses of exposure–response relationships: normal level, and 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 times the WHO level ([concentration ≥2]×25 μg/m3×number of exposure months). RESULTS: A multivariate logistic regression revealed that the 1.0 and 1.5 WHO level groups did not significantly differ from the normal level group, but the 2.0 WHO level did (odds ratio, 4.091; 95% confidence interval, 1.180 to 14.188; p=0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated PM2.5 concentrations were significantly correlated with an increased risk of PD among patients with COPD. Furthermore, exposure to high PM2.5 levels can further increase the risk of PD.

Applying Boolean logic algorithm for photomask pattern design

Wen-Hsing Kao,Bo-Shen Liou,Wen-Hsiang Shen,Yung-Lung Tsou 한국정보기술융합학회 2013 JoC Vol.4 No.2

The reason for the trend in high-level large-area photomasks is that mask size is becoming larger and the line size and gap design is becoming thinner. In addition, the uniformity requirements for producing photomasks are becoming stricter. Consequently, the difficulties faced in manufacturing photomasks have substantially increased and a particular graphic process is required to assist with improving the yield of photomask production. During the etching process of mask production, a non-uniform etching rate produces an inferior uniformity of the critical dimensions. The reasons for the inferior etching rate results include the uniformity of the photomask pattern, the spin speed of the etching machine, and the nozzle of the etching arms. This research focuses on the photomask pattern line-width compensation for improving uniformity and precision. The research combines logical operations to select the patterns that are necessary for special compensation, adding the appropriate compensation value to the pattern and combining it with the original pattern to generate a complete photomask pattern to compensate for the inferior etching rate that produces inferior line-width uniformity.

What is the Key for Sustainable Development in the Banking Sector for Latin American Emerging Countries?

Wen Hsiang Chiu 한국라틴아메리카학회 2021 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.34 No.1

The objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of financial reform policies. We examine six Latin American emerging financial markets (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru), and four Asian countries (South Korea, Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia) that introduced substantial financial reforms after the Asian financial crisis and compared them to assess the effectiveness of the reforms and make some policy suggestions for emerging Latin American financial markets. We perform an ordinary least squares analysis and compare the market performance of financial institutions in the four Asian countries with that of other emerging markets. A set of panel data was constructed for the period from 2011 to 2018. Our primary findings include: (i) the financial reform measures suggested by the IMF resulted in significantly better financial management efficiency in the four Asian countries targeted in this study than in other countries with emerging markets; (ii) the effects of the financial reform measures are continuous, and even today, the financial management efficiency of these four Asian countries remains comparatively sound.

Work competence of nurse aides" in a skill-mixed model hospital: the perspectives from both nurse aides and nurses

Hsiang-Wen Kung,Hui-Chen Hsu,Bih-O Lee 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): Nurse aides provide a major support for long-term care services. However, research findings regarding the various aspects of nurse aides’ work competence that may facilitate or impede their work performance remain inconsistent. To compare th-e differences between the nurse aides’ and registered nurses’ perceptions of the nurse aides’ work competence. Method(s): This study was designed as a cross-sectional study, and convenience sampling w-as employed to recruit a sample that comprised 220 nurse aides and registered nurs-es who had served for more than three months at a regional teaching hospitalin southern Taiwan. The instruments consisted of the demographic data and the 36-it-em Nurse Aides’ Work Competence Scale. Result(s): There are no significant differences between the self-perceived and the nurse-s’ reported overall work competence of nurse aides. The results showed that th-e nurse aides had room for improving their work competence in terms of “pro-blem solving” and “activity design”. The nurse aides and resisted nurses differe-d significantly in terms of “activity design” because the nurse aides’ perception of their work competence in “activity design” was more positive than that repo-rted by the registered nurses. Conclusion(s): Nurse aides should be incorporated into cross-disciplinary teams. Activity design could be handled by other healthcare providers such as physical therapists or senior social workers.

Enhancement of the Polar Coercive Force for Annealed Co/Ir(111) Ultrathin Films

Wen-Yuan Chan,Du-Cheng Tsai,Wei-Hsiang Chen,Cheng-Hsun-Tony Chang,Jyh-Shen Tsay 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12

The alloy formation and the magnetic properties of Co/Ir(111) ultrathin films have been investigated. As the temperature is increased above 400 K, interdiffusion of Co and the Ir substrate occurs. Due to a compositional change in the surface layers, the polar coercive force is greatly enhanced. At temperatures above 600 K, magnetic hysteresis appears only in the polar configuration. Thisshows that the easy axis of the magnetization of Co/Ir(111) may be stabilized in the direction ofthe surface normal by thermal-annealing treatments. From systematic investigations of Co/Ir(111)ultrathin films thinner than 4 monolayers, a magnetic phase diagram has been established. Accordingto the compositional changes and related magnetic properties, the phase diagram can beseparated into three regions. In region I at temperatures below 400 K, Co films are ferromagnetic. In region II where atomic interdiffusion occurs in the surface layers, an enhanced polar coerciveforce is observed. The phase transition from phase I to II is related to the interdiffusion betweenthe Co overlayer and the iridium substrate. In region III for low coverage or at high temperatures,a nonferromagnetic behavior is observed. The phase transition from phase II to III is mainly dueto the reduced atomic percent of cobalt in the Co-Ir alloy and to the lowered Curie temperaturecaused by a reduction in the thickness of the magnetic layers.

Video Streaming over HTTP/2: Design and Evaluation of Adaptive Server-Paced Push

Huei-Wen Ferng,Shan-Hsiang Shen,Chih-Wei Lai 한국통신학회 2021 Journal of communications and networks Vol.23 No.2

By using the server push of the hypertext transfer pro tocol (HTTP) version 2.0, i.e., HTTP/2, along with the techniqueof server pacing, a novel scheme is proposed in this paper to de liver video segments. Furthermore, the load of bitrate adaptationis shifted to the server to avoid bandwidth competition and wastagecaused by bitrate switching. It can be explicitly shown that no sig nificant overhead is brought by our proposed scheme via complex ity analysis. Moreover, our proposed scheme generates one HTTPrequest only. With extensive simulations, we successfully demon strate that it is superior over the closely related schemes in termsof the average achievable bitrate, the number of buffer stalls, theratio of unclaimed pushes, etc., in particular, when a harsh networkcondition arises.

Identifying Optimal Inbound Market Mixes of the US Tourism Industry

Ming-Hsiang Chen,Yi-Wen Chen 한국관광학회 2012 International Journal of Tourism Sciences Vol.12 No.1

This paper applies a financial portfolio theory to identify the optimal market mixes of foreign tourist arrivals. The international tourism industry often has large fluctuations in demand due to unexpected events, economic situations, and political relations among nations. Targeting the minimization of these fluctuations, this study can shed some light on diversification in the tourism markets and offer tourism authorities explicit guidelines for long-term development of the US tourism industry. For example, to achieve the goal of foreign tourist arrivals to the US, US tourism authorities should shift available resources to the UK, Mexico and Canada. If they pursue the highest reward ratio, they have to focus on UK, Asian (excluding Japan), and Mexican markets. Further implications in this paper are provided to guide tourism authorities and marketers.

The Association of Acquired T790M Mutation with Clinical Characteristics after Resistance to First-Line Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Yen-Hsiang Huang,Kuo-Hsuan Hsu,Jeng-Sen Tseng,Kun-Chieh Chen,Chia-Hung Hsu,Kang-Yi Su,Jeremy J. W. Chen,Huei-Wen Chen,Sung-Liang Yu,Tsung-Ying Yang,Gee-Chen Chang 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.4

Purpose The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship among the clinical characteristics and the frequency of T790M mutation in advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients with acquired resistance after firstline EGFRtyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. Materials and Methods We enrolled EGFR-mutant stage IIIB-IV lung adenocarcinoma patients, who had progressed to prior EGFR-TKI therapy, and evaluated their rebiopsy EGFRmutation status. Results A total of 205 patients were enrolled for analysis. The overall T790M mutation rate of rebiopsy was 46.3%. The T790M mutation rates among patients with exon 19 deletion mutation, exon 21 L858R point mutation, and other mutations were 55.0%, 37.3%, and 27.3%, respectively. Baseline exon 19 deletion was associated with a significantly higher frequency of T790M mutation (adjusted odds ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20 to 3.83; p=0.010). In the exon 19 deletion subgroup, there was a greater prevalence of T790M mutation than other exon 19 deletion subtypes in patients with the Del E746-A750 mutation (61.6% vs. 40.6%; odds ratio, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.01 to 5.49; p=0.049). The progression- free survival (PFS) of first-line TKI treatment > 11 months was also associated with a higher T790M mutation rate (54.1% vs. 39.3%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.02 to 3.25; p=0.044). Patients who underwent rebiopsy at metastatic sites had more chance to harbor T790M mutation (52.6% vs. 33.8%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.67; p=0.032). Conclusion PFS of first-line EGFR-TKI, rebiopsy site, EGFR exon 19 deletion and its subtype Del E746- A750 mutation are associated with the frequency of T790M mutation.

Ethanol and Water Atomization of Like- and Unlike-Doublet Impinging Jets

( Wei Hsiang Lai ),( Shun Jie Yang ),( Wen Non Huang ) 한국액체미립화학회 2005 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

The objective of the present study is to further investigate the general influence of the physical properties and environment effects on the mean drop size generated by like- and unlike-doublet impinging jets with 95% ethanol and purified water. The orifice of the injector element are 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mm in diameter, with depth-to-diameter ratio of 10, the impinging angle is set to be 60°, 90° and 120° respectively. In order to measure the mean drop size, the jet velocity is varied from 2 m/s to 30 m/s, the environment pressure is designated as 1, 2, 5 and 9 bar. Results show that in liquid shape mode, the larger impinging angle, the lower jet velocity threshold of mode transition is observed. Regarding the liquid film size, an empirical equation can be used to calculate the ψ angle, and the equation induced by Ibrahim et al.(1991) can figure out the film length by multiply a constant, which is related to the viscosity. The SMD of unlike-doublet impinging is highly influenced by the surface tension. High ambient pressure has no effect on film size, but it causes the liquid shape change mode in lower jet velocity.