Modeling and Analysis of Temperature Compensation for Multitemperature Zone Sintering Furnace Temperature Sensing

Xiaoyue Sang,Zhaohui Yuan,Xiaojun Yu,Muhammad Tariq Sadiq,Na Liang,Noman Naseer,GaoXi Xiao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.7

The surface temperature of workpieces in a multi-temperature zone sintering furnace is an important parameter to characterize the performances of a multi-temperature zone system. Due to the practical structural properties of the sintering furnace, however, the conventional way of temperature measurement cannot detect the exact surface temperature of the workpieces directly, making it difficult to control the multi-temperature zone system performances precisely. To address such an issue, this paper proposes, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, a temperature compensation algorithm based soft-measurement technique to compensate for the temperature of the measuring points. Specifically, we analyze the heat-transfer mechanism within the electric heating surface and the workpiece surface and establish a mathematical model for it first, and then calculate the radiative heat transfer coefficient between the diffuse gray surface within sintering furnace using the discrete radiation heat transfer method. Finally, the heat transfer mechanism based soft measurement technique is proposed and applied tocompensate for the temperature. Both simulations and experiments with a practical sintering furnace are conducted to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed temperature compensation algorithm in different cases. Results show that the proposed algorithm could help maintain the temperature difference within a range limit of ±5◦, which is much better as compared with the conventional temperature measurement methods.

중국인의 유교가치관이 문화예술 소비에 미치는 영향 -7대 지역권을 중심으로-

박상수 ( Sang Soo Park ),우양일 ( Liang Ri Yu ) 한중사회과학학회 2013 한중사회과학연구 Vol.11 No.3

As economy has continuously developed and become globalized, the trend of world economy has already moved beyond from the simple manufacturing towards cultural industry with the aim of enhancing national competitiveness. Consumers in modern society are surpassing from rational consumption which allows satisfaction of material efficiency and pursue emotional experience from consumption behavior itself. China`s culture market, which has grown rapidly to be a ``market of the world`` in recent decades, draws huge attention along with the rise of the new consumption pattern resulting from the changes in consumer environment. Based on the critical consciousness, this study attempted to examine Chinese Confucius value system focused on Benevolence, Righteousness, Propriety, and Wisdom(仁義禮智) and to look into their psychological programing including the benefits gained from pursuing of the culture-art consumption. This study also intends to figure out the desires and the benefits of Chinese consumers`pursuit for culture-art products which have been underestimated. The topic for this research can be regarded as a timely subject considering the China`s conversion from the production base to the world market. This means that this research can help to add more thoughts in the effort to understand the structure of Chinese consumers` consciousness in culture-art consuming and such effort is considered to be highly important at this point in time. In conclusion, this research looked at the general consumers or service products a little different perspective as it looked at the culture-art products. Unlike general consumer goods, culture-art products require certain level of education, time, and financial condition as basic prerequisites for consumers to enjoy the culture-art. Therefore, it is reasonable to develop the properties of culture-art products in terms of core values they pursue and the benefits of pursuing, based on the consumption value system of consumers in the relevant area.

Psilocybin for End-of-Life Anxiety Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Chia-Ling Yu,Fu-Chi Yang,Szu-Nian Yang,Ping-Tao Tseng,Brendon Stubbs,Ta-Chuan Yeh,Chih-Wei Hsu,Dian-Jeng Li,Chih-Sung Liang 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.10

Objective To systematically examine the effectiveness and tolerability of psilocybin for treating end-of-life anxiety symptoms. Methods The Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and PsycINFO databases were searched up to November 25, 2020. We enrolled clinical trials investigating psilocybin for treating end-of-life anxiety symptoms. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects model. Results Overall, five studies were included, revealing that psilocybin was superior to the placebo in treating state anxiety at 1 day (Hedges’ g, -0.70; 95% confidence interval, -1.01 to -0.39) and 2 weeks (-1.03; -1.47 to -0.60) after treatment. Psilocybin was more effective than placebo in treating trait anxiety at 1 day (-0.71; -1.15 to -0.26), 2 weeks (-1.08; -1.80 to -0.36), and 6 months (-0.84; -1.37 to -0.30) after treatment. Psilocybin was associated with transient elevation in systolic (19.00; 13.58-24.41 mm Hg) and diastolic (8.66; 5.18-12.15 mm Hg) blood pressure compared with placebo. The differences between psilocybin and placebo groups with regard to allcause discontinuation, serious adverse events, and heart rates were nonsignificant. Conclusion Psilocybin-assisted therapy could ameliorate end-of-life anxiety symptoms without serious adverse events. Because of the small sample sizes of the included studies and high heterogeneity on long-term outcomes, future randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes are needed.

Metal Chloride Precursor Synthesization of Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cell Materials

Min Yen Yeh,Yu-Fong Huang,Cheng-Liang Huang,Chyi-Da Yang,Dong-Sing Wuu,Po-Hsun Lei 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.2

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films with kesterite structures were prepared by directly sol-gel synthesizingspin-coated precursors on soda-lime-glass (SLG) substrates. The CZTS precursors wereprepared by using solutions of copper (II) chloride, zinc (II) chloride, tin (IV) chloride, and thiourea. The ratio of SnCl4 in the precursors was found to play a critical role in the synthesization of CZTS. CZTS phases of SnS and SnS2 were observed in the synthesized films as prepared using precursorswith a close to stoichiometric ratio of CuCl2:ZnCl2:SnCl4:CH4N2S = 4:1:1:8, where SnCl4 was 1mol/l. The amounts of the educed SnS and SnS2 phases observed in the SEM images could bereadily reduced by decreasing the volume of SnCl4 in the mixed solution. With decreasing amountof SnCl4 from 1 mol/l, the as prepared CZTS reveals a significant improvement in its crystallineproperties. In this work, CZTS with an average absorption coefficient and an optical energy gapof over 104 cm−1 and 1.5 eV, respectively, was obtained using precursors of copper (II) chloride,zinc (II) chloride, tin (IV) chloride, and thiourea mixed in a ratio of 2:1:0.25:8, and it had goodcrystallinity revealing a Cu-poor composition.

Large Thermoelectric Figure-of-Merits from SiGe Nanowires by Simultaneously Measuring Electrical and Thermal Transport Properties

Lee, Eun Kyung,Yin, Liang,Lee, Yongjin,Lee, Jong Woon,Lee, Sang Jin,Lee, Junho,Cha, Seung Nam,Whang, Dongmok,Hwang, Gyeong S.,Hippalgaonkar, Kedar,Majumdar, Arun,Yu, Choongho,Choi, Byoung Lyong,Kim, J American Chemical Society 2012 NANO LETTERS Vol.12 No.6

<P>The strongly correlated thermoelectric properties have been a major hurdle for high-performance thermoelectric energy conversion. One possible approach to avoid such correlation is to suppress phonon transport by scattering at the surface of confined nanowire structures. However, phonon characteristic lengths are broad in crystalline solids, which makes nanowires insufficient to fully suppress heat transport. Here, we employed Si–Ge alloy as well as nanowire structures to maximize the depletion of heat-carrying phonons. This results in a thermal conductivity as low as ∼1.2 W/m-K at 450 K, showing a large thermoelectric figure-of-merit (ZT) of ∼0.46 compared with those of SiGe bulks and even ZT over 2 at 800 K theoretically. All thermoelectric properties were “simultaneously” measured from the same nanowires to facilitate accurate ZT measurements. The surface-boundary scattering is prominent when the nanowire diameter is over ∼100 nm, whereas alloying plays a more important role in suppressing phonon transport for smaller ones.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2012/nalefd.2012.12.issue-6/nl300587u/production/images/medium/nl-2012-00587u_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl300587u'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Benzodiazepine-Associated Carcinogenesis

Shih-Chieh Ku,Pei-Shen Ho,Yu-Ting Tseng,Ta-Chuan Yeh,Shu-Li Cheng,Chih-Sung Liang 대한신경정신의학회 2018 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.15 No.9

Objective Cellular, animal, and human epidemiological studies suggested that benzodiazepines increase the risk of cancer and cancer mortality. Obesity is also clearly linked to carcinogenesis. However, no human studies have examined benzodiazepine-associated carcinogenesis as assessed by changes in cancer biomarkers. Methods A total of 19 patients were recruited, and received a 6-week treatment of 0.5 mg lorazepam. The measured cancer biomarkers were angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2), soluble CD40 ligand, epidermal growth factor, endoglin, soluble Fas ligand (sFASL), heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), insulin-like growth factor binding protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-18, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PLGF), placental growth factor, transforming growth factor (TGF)-α, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, urokinase-type plasminogen (uPA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D. Results Six cancer biomarkers were significantly increased in all patients as a whole. The subgroup analysis revealed a distinct pattern of change. Overweight patients showed a significant increase in 11 cancer biomarkers, including ANG-2, sFASL, HB-EGF, IL-8, PLGF, TGF-α, TNF-α, uPA, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D. However, normal-weight patients did not show any changes in cancer biomarkers. Conclusion Adiposity may have primed the carcinogenic potential, leading to lorazepam-associated carcinogenesis in overweight patients. Epidemiological studies addressing this issue should consider the potential modulator contributing to benzodiazepine-associated carcinogenesis.

Effects of Physically Effective Neutral Detergent Fiber Content on Intake, Digestibility, and Chewing Activity in Fattening Heifer Fed Total Mixed Ration

Oh, Mi Rae,Hong, Heeok,Li, Hong Liang,Jeon, Byong Tae,Choi, Cheong Hee,Ding, Yu Ling,Tang, Yu Jiao,Kim, Eun Kyung,Jang, Se Young,Seong, Hye Jin,Moon, Sang Ho Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.12

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF) content in total mixed ration (TMR) on dry matter intake, digestibility, and chewing activity in fattening Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) heifers. The experiment was designed as a replicated $3{\times}3$ Latin square using 12 heifers. Fattening heifers were offered one of three diets [high (T1), medium (T2), and low (T3) peNDF] obtained by different mixing times (3, 10, and 25 min) for the same TMR feed. The peNDF content of TMR was determined by multiplying the proportion of dry matter retained by a 1.18 mm-screen in a Penn State Particle Separator by the dietary NDF content. The $peNDF_{1.18}$ content was 30.36%, 29.20%, and 27.50% for the T1, T2, and T3 diets, respectively (p<0.05). Dry matter intake was not affected by peNDF content in TMR. Total weight gain in T1 group was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in T2 and T3 groups. However, weight gain did not differ between T2 and T3 groups. The feed conversion ratio decreased with an increase in the peNDF content (T1: 12.18, T2: 14.17, and T3: 14.01 g/g). An increase in the peNDF content of TMR was associated with a linear increase in the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber (p<0.05). Also, an increase in peNDF content of the TMR resulted in a linear increase in the number of chews in eating and ruminating (p<0.05), and consequently in the number of total chews (p<0.05). These results indicate that peNDF content affects digestibility and chewing activity. Consequently, the peNDF content of TMR should be considered for improving feed efficiency, digestibility, body weight gain, and performance in fattening heifers.

A 138.24-MHz Continuous-Time Band-Pass Sigma Delta Modulator for Digital IF Application

Jen-Shiun Chiang,Ming-Hung Tu,Hsin-Liang Chen,Yu-Chen Sung 대한전자공학회 2005 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2005 No.3

Sustainable rigid polyurethane foams based on recycled polyols from chemical recycling of waste polyurethane foams

Shin, Se‐,Ra,Kim, Han‐,Na,Liang, Jing‐,Yu,Lee, Sang‐,Hyub,Lee, Dai‐,Soo John Wiley Sons, Inc. 2019 Journal of applied polymer science Vol.136 No.35

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>The preparation and characteristics of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) based on recycled polyol obtained by glycolysis of waste RPUF scraps from end‐of‐life refrigerators were investigated. To deactivate the amine adducts derived from isocyanates, the recycled product obtained after depolymerization was chemically modified via addition polymerization of propylene oxide. Two kinds of recycled polyols with different hydroxyl values and viscosity were blended with conventional virgin polyether polyol to prepare the RPUFs. The effects of the recycled polyols on the physical properties of RPUFs such as cell structures, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, and limiting oxygen index were discussed. It was found that the RPUFs from recycled polyols showed superior compressive strength, thermal insulation property, and self‐extinguishing property compared with conventional control foam. The results of this study reveal that the recycled polyols could be used as feedstock for RPUFs with superior performance. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. <B>2019</B>, <I>136</I>, 47916.</P>

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans sp. nov. β-Glucosidase That Transforms Ginsenoside Rb1 into the Rare Gypenosides XVII and LXXV

An, Dong-Shan,Cui, Chang-Hao,Lee, Hyung-Gwan,Wang, Liang,Kim, Sun Chang,Lee, Sung-Taik,Jin, Fengxie,Yu, Hongshan,Chin, Young-Won,Lee, Hyeong-Kyu,Im, Wan-Taek,Kim, Song-Gun American Society for Microbiology 2010 Applied and environmental microbiology Vol.76 No.17

<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>A new β-glucosidase from a novel strain of <I>Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans</I> (Gsoil 3082<SUP>T</SUP>) obtained from the soil of a ginseng farm was characterized, and the gene, <I>bgpA</I> (1,947 bp), was cloned in <I>Escherichia coli</I>. The enzyme catalyzed the conversion of ginsenoside Rb1 {3-<I>O</I>-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-20-<I>O</I>-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-20(<I>S</I>)-protopanaxadiol} to the more pharmacologically active rare ginsenosides gypenoside XVII {3-<I>O</I>-β-d-glucopyranosyl-20-<I>O</I>-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-20(<I>S</I>)-protopanaxadiol}, gypenoside LXXV {20-<I>O</I>-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-20(<I>S</I>)-protopanaxadiol}, and C-K [20-<I>O</I>-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-20(<I>S</I>)-protopanaxadiol]. A BLAST search of the <I>bgpA</I> sequence revealed significant homology to family 3 glycoside hydrolases. Expressed in <I>E. coli</I>, β-glucosidase had apparent <I>Km</I> values of 4.2 ± 0.8 and 0.14 ± 0.05 mM and <I>V</I>max values of 100.6 ± 17.1 and 329 ± 31 μmol·min<SUP>−1</SUP>·mg of protein<SUP>−1</SUP> against <I>p</I>-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside and Rb1, respectively. The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of the two glucose moieties attached to the C-3 position of ginsenoside Rb1, and the outer glucose attached to the C-20 position at pH 7.0 and 37°C. These cleavages occurred in a defined order, with the outer glucose of C-3 cleaved first, followed by the inner glucose of C-3, and finally the outer glucose of C-20. These results indicated that BgpA selectively and sequentially converts ginsenoside Rb1 to the rare ginsenosides gypenoside XVII, gypenoside LXXV, and then C-K. Herein is the first report of the cloning and characterization of a novel ginsenoside-transforming β-glucosidase of the glycoside hydrolase family 3.</P>