생물전극 반응조를 이용한 영양물질 제거

김성완,윤철종,최성우,김성우,우성훈,신남철,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.2

We have investigated a performance of bio-electrode reactor for removal of nutrient like a nitrogen, phosphorus and organic substrate. Lab scale of bio-electrode reactor was operated with synthetic and tannery wastewater. Iron bar and stainless steel used for anode and cathode respectively. In experiment with synthetic wastewater, we were able to obtain the optimal current density range of 2.4-40 mA/dm² after 48 hrs operating time. And in that experiment, about 70~73% of ammonia nitrogen and 54~64% of phosphorus were removed. In experiment with tannery wastewater at 2.4-4.0 mA/dm², the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and organic substract were about 62-69%, 45~59% and beyond 79% respectively.

녹동균 세포외막 단백질 백신 CFC-1-101의 안정성 및 면역원성 검토 : 임상 제 Ⅰ/Ⅱa상 시험

장인진,김익상,유경상,임동석,김형기,신상구,장우현,박완제,이나경,정상보,안동호,조양제,안보영,이윤하,김영지,남성우,김현수 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.3

목적 : 제일제당에서는 녹농균의 세포외막 단밸질을 유효성분으로 하는 백신인 CFC-101을 개발하였으며, 동물시험에서 이 백신의 안전성과 유효성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 이 녹농균 백신의 인체에 대한 안전성과 면역원성을 평가하는 동시에 인체 접종시의 최적 투여 용량을 결정하기 위하여 제 I/Ⅱa상 임상시험을 수행하였다. 방법 : 건강한 성인 남자를 피험자로 선별하여 각 용량군에 백신투여자 6명, 위약투여자 2명을 배정하였다. 백신 투여군은 0.25mg, 0.5mg 또는 1.0mg 용량의 녹농균 백신을 7일 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 근육주사 하였으며, 위약 투여군에게는 세포외막 단백질을 제외한 동일한 성분을 투여하였다. 백신접종 후 국소적 또는 전신적인 반응의 발생여부를 관찰하고, 혈액시료를 체취하여 백신의 역가와 유효성을 검정하였다. 결과 : 녹농균 백신 CFC-101은 모든 접종자에서 양호한 내약성을 보였다. 또한 0.5mg 과 1.0mg 백신 투여군에서는 100%의 항체양전율을 나타내었다. 생성된 항체는 녹농균 세포외막단백질에 특이성을 보였고, 녹농균 감염에 대해 방어효능이 있었다. 결론 : 이와같은 결과로부터 이 녹농균 백신은 인체에 안전하게 투여할 수 있으며, 높은 항체 생성능으로 감염방어 효능을 보이고 0.5mg과 1.0mg이 최적용량인 것으로 판단되었다. Background : We developed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein(OMP) vaccine CFC-101, and the prophylactic efficacy of which has been demonstrated in animal models. In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the P. aeruginosa vaccine, we carried out a phase I/Ⅱa clinical trial in healthy male volunteers. Methods : Groups of eight volunteers, including two placebo subjects, were vaccinated intramuscularly with three doses of 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg of the vaccine at one week intervals. Sings of systemic and local reactions observed after vaccination were recorded for each vaccinee for 5 days. Physical examinations were performed on days 0, 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, and 42, and clinical laboratory tests were done on days 0, 3, and 21. Blood samples for assay of serum antibody levels were obtained up to 42 days after the first vaccination. Results : The vaccine was generally well tolerated by all vaccinees, showing no significant side effects. In the three dosage groups, all vaccinees, except one receiving the 0.25 mg dose, showed significant elevation in serum IgG antibody titers against the vaccine proteins, indicating 100% seroconversion in 0.5 and 1.0 mg groups. The human antibodies induced by the vaccine were specific for P. aeruginosa OMPs, as confirmed by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays. The capacity of the human antisera to enhance opsonophagocytic killing activity by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to confer protection against P. aeruginosa infections indicates that the antibodies elicited by the vaccine have protective efficacy. Conclusion : We conclude that the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine is safe and effective for human use and its optimal dose to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg.

2형 당뇨 환자에 있어서 C형 간염의 유병률에 관한 연구

김구영,서광섭,유광렬,임병욱,채선애,강남훈,김창훈,권영우,김희수,류성태,이정환,박성우,오웅식,김정한 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2003 中央醫大誌 Vol.28 No.1

Background: We have doubt about the truth that Type 2 DM is associated with chronic hepatitis C infection. The aim of our study was to prove a close relationship between chronic HCV infection and type 2 DM in korean patients. Methods: We reviewed the out-patient's medical records of 466 patients with type 2 DM who visit the Sung-ae hospital from March 2000 to August 2001. Diabetic patients were analyzed for the following variables: age, sex, waist circumference, weight, waist/hip ratio, using of self monitoring of blood glucose, method of therapy, duration of disease, experience of previous transfusion, major surgical procedure, accompanied disease, liver function tests (LFT), HbA1 c. We ruled out patients with liver cirrhosis. Results: Hepatitis C virus infection was observed more frequently in patient with Type 2 DM. Of 466 Type 2 DM patients, 13 patients were infected with Hepatitis C virus (2.79%). Compared with mean prevalence of Korean population (1.3~1.6%), it's value is very high. the other hand, 21 patients were infected with Hepatitis B virus (4.5%). Such results are similar to mean prevalence of the general public (4~5%). Conclusions: Prevalence of hepatitis C was closely associated in korean patients with type 2 DM. And an increased prevalence is independent of cirrhosis.

家具製品의 購買行動 및 製品評價基準에 關한 硏究

南相瑀 中央大學校 韓國敎育問題硏究所 1989 韓國敎育問題硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.5

The purpose of this study was to examine the variables influencing the evaluation and satisfaction of product through investigating evaluation criterion according to sociodemographic characteristics of housewives. The major findings were as follows: 1. The respondents owened mostly the basic funiture such as the dresser and dressing table. The purchasing time was mostly when they were married. 2. The purchasing places were mostly commercial agency or direct sales stall. The purchasers were husband and wife of accompanied by relative or friend. The charge were paid mostly in cash. The influential source or information was depended on the direct collection such as visiting the commercial agents. The consideration factors were quality, convenience, price and design in order of higher rank. 3. There were no significant differences of evaluation on the importance of functionality, beauty symbol of dignity, fashion and attractiveness according to divided characteristic demographics i.e. extrovert, introvert and medium. 4. There were no significant differences on the evaluating criterion of the product according to variables i.e. age and level of education. But the emphasis on the symbol of fashion and attractiveness was significantly higher in 20's and 40's than 30's and 50's. The more educated, the stronger was aesthetical and symbolical attractiveness emphasized. But there were no significant differences on the functionality, dignity of symbolicality and fashion. 5. The functionality was significantly higher in employed housewives than in unemployed housewives. 6. It is recommended that further study on the other influential variables of evaluation and satisfaction of the product will enable the consumer to be more satisfied and the same time provide the producer with the available basic data necessary to improve the quality of the product.

하수슬러지 중 노말핵산추출물질(HEM)함량 분석 및 토양 사용시 연간 오염부하량 추정

남재작,박우균,임동규,이상학 한국환경농학회 2002 한국환경농학회지 Vol.21 No.1

하수슬러지 중에 존재하는 HEM에 대해 분석하고, 이를 토양에 사용할 때 발생하는 연간 오염부하량에 대해 추정하였다. 전국의 하수처리장에서부터 수집된 하수슬러지 시료 84점에 대해 분석한 HEM의 평균함량은 27.7±26.5 g/㎏이었고, 최소 1.05에서 최대 194 g/㎏을 나타내어 분석시료간에 큰 편차를 보였다. 하수 처리장이 위치한 도시의 규모에 따라 5단계로 나누었을 매 HEM의 함량은 광역시, 대도시, 중도시, 소도시, 농촌지역에 각각 22.7±16.7, 33.3±25.8, 22.0±8.7, 31.0±30.8, 27.7±25.1 g/㎏을 나타내었다. 미국 EPA의 하수슬러지 토양시용량 기준을 적용하여 농경지, 산림, 공공용지, 개량용지로 분류하고 각각 7,000, 26,000, 18,000, 74,000 ㎏/㏊ (건물량 기준)를 하수슬러지 최대 사용량으로 가정하여 HIM의 연간 오염부하량울 계산하였다. 건물량 기준으로 시용량이 7,000 ㎏/㏊인 농경지의 경우 최대 1,032 ㎏/㏊의 HEM 부하량을 나타내었고, 개량용지 시용기준인 74,000 ㎏/㏊를 적용한 경우 HEM의 연간 오염부하량은 10,908 ㎏/㏊으로 추정되었다. 그 외 산림기준을 적용할 때는 최대 3,832㎏/㏊, 공공 용지 기준을 적용할 때는 최대 2,653 ㎏/㏊의 연간 오염부하량이 추정되었다. To estimate annual pollutant loading rate of n-hexane extractable material (HEM) to soil 84 sewage sludge samples were analyzed. The average content of HEM was 27.7±26.5 g/kg, and ranged from 1.05 to maximum 194 g/kg. According to the number of population of the city the areas were classified as five regions, i.e. big, large, middle, small, and rural area in which the waste water treated plants were grown. The contents of HEM were 22.7±16.7, 33.3±25.8, 22.0±8.7, 31.0±38.8, 27.7±25.1 g/kg, in big, large, middle, small, and rural area, respectively. The applicated areas with sewage sludge to land also were divided as 4 sites by US EPA criteria such as agricultural, forest, public contact sites, and reclamation site. The quantitation of annual pollutant loading rate was estimated using a function (99 percentile concentration = X￣+ 30) when the application amounts were in dosages of 7,000, 26,000, 18,000, 74,000 kg/ha in 5 regions, respectively. The annual pollutant loading rate of HEM to soil by sewage sludge application was maximum 1,032, 3,832, 2,653, and 10,908 kg/ha in agricultural, forest, public contact sites, and reclamation site, respectively.

시간-주파수 해석법에 의한 CFRP의 파괴 거동

남기우,안석환,이상기,김현수,문창권 한국비파괴검사학회 2001 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.21 No.1

신호처리법으로 현재 많이 사용되고 있는 푸리에 변환은 신호의 주파수 성분이 사간에 따라 어떻게 변화하는지를 표현하지 못한다. 따라서 최근 이와 같은 푸리에 변환의 단점을 보완하여, 신호의 시간과 주파수에 대한 정보를 동시에 표현할 수 있는 시간-주파수 해석법들이 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 음향방출을 이용하여 복합재료의 주요 발생원으로 알려져 있는 기지균열, 섬유분리, 섬유파괴 및 층간분리 등과 같은 파괴기구를 해석하였다. 각각의 파괴특성이 나타나도록 시험편을 제작하여 인장시험 시 검출된 음향방출신호의 시간-주파수 해석을 통해 전체 파괴기구의 특징을 분석하였다. Fourier transform has been one of the most common tools to study the frequency characteristics of signals. With the Fourier transform alone, however, it is difficult to tell whether signal's frequency contents evolve in time or not. Except for a few special cases, the frequency contents of most signals encountered in the real world change with time. Time-frequency analysis methods are developed recently to overcome the drawbacks of Fourier transform, which can represent the information of signals in time and frequency at the same time. In this study, damage process of cross-ply carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) under monotonic tensile loading was characterized by acoustic emission. Different kinds of CFRP specimens were used to determine the characteristics of AE signals. Time-frequency analysis methods were employed for the analysis of fracture mechanisms in CFRP such as matrix cracking, debonding, fiber fracture and delamination.

貿易管理法規의 運用과 適用上의 諸問題點 : 美ㆍ日ㆍ臺ㆍ中ㆍ韓國의 主要法規를 中心으로

南豊祐,韓祥鉉 강남대학교 사회과학연구소 1998 사회과학논총 Vol.6 No.-

아시아 지역 의료선교지 선택을 위한 국제보건학적인 연구(Ⅱ) : 중국을 중심으로

남은우,배성권 高神大學校 保健科學硏究所 1994 보건과학연구소보 Vol.4 No.-

The purpose of the study is to: 1) describe the health and related comprehensive situation in modern day China, and 2) develop strategy for medical missionary workers with respect to the current day situation in China. Principal source is PC Globe(1991), Inc. Tempe. Az. U.S.A. and supplementary sources are HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 1992(United Nations Development Programme), ASIAN DATA HANDBOOK 1992(International Centre for the Study of East Asian Development), and WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT 1992 (The World Bank). The following findings are: 1. Considering that China is a vast country, there needs to be approciate strategy with respect to medical missionary workers. In the short term, from one year to three years, it would be most effective for medical care to be directed at infectious and chronic disease. In the long term, after five years, it would be most effective for medical care to be centered chronic disease and primary health care. 2. Primary health care would be an appropriative program for rural areas. In the case of urban areas, it would be desirable to provide secondary level or tertiary level medical care which should also include a rehabilitation service. 3. Although, outwardly the Chinese government allows freedom to practice religion, in fact, it operates a policy of limited access to foreign missionary services. Therefore, a "people to people contact program" needs to be developed. 4. Medical missionary workers need to cooperate with community development and health care programs. In addition, in order to carry out a more effective missionary program, teams of medical missionary workers which consist of : physician, nurse, medical technicians, and administrators need to be established. In conclusion, we can wee that for efficient missionary programs, there needs to be more interest in research especially the following areas: selection of fields of research, patterns of disease outbreaks in the fields, and a thorough evaluation of the program.

Rohrer지수에 의한 한국과 중국 연변지역 조선족 아동의 체격비교

남은우,박기만,배성권 韓國學校保健學會 1996 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

This paper was performed to comparative study with the children's body strength status of Ethinc Korean in China and Korea. The subjects of this study were the students of each elementary school located in a rural and a urban areas in China. To compared the elvel of their body strength status, we investigated to the students of 2 elementary schools as comparative group on Kojae Area in Korea. We used student's physical record in the school. The contents of the study were the body weight, the chest circumstance, and the body height of the subjects. To make out the level of the students' physique, we measured by Rohrer Index output through above body height and body weight of them. The results of this were as follows; 1. In the case of Ethinc Korean in China, the average body weight(kilogram) is 28.94±6.68 in male 28.51±7.58 in famels. Comparatively, the average body weight in the case Korean is 31.99±7.23 in male and 31.74 ±7.82 in female. The average body height of Ethnic Korean is inferior about 2~5 Kilograms to that of Korean. 2. The average chest circumstance(centimeter) is 63.51±5.21 in male 63.05±5.87 in female of Ethinc Korean, 65.54±6.43 in male and 64.57±7.81 in female of Korean. Compared to between two group, the average chest circumstance of Ethinc Korean is inferior about 2~4 centimeters to that of Korean. 3. The average body height(centimeter) of Ethinc Korean is 135.28±8.96 in male 134.82±9.74 in female, and that of Korean is 136.68±9.12 in male and 136.10±9.92 in female. Like the preceding below results, the average body height of Ethinc Korean is inferior about 2~5 centimeters to that of Korean. 4. Compared to the fullness degree of physique between two group using Rohrer Index, Ethinc Korean is thiner than Korean. 5. Temporary, in case of children from 10 to 12 years old, female is superior to male through the index contained of the body weight, the chest circumstance, and the body height. It seems that female and male had different maximum growth age.

ASIA지역 의료선교지 선택을 위한 국제보건학적인 연구

남은우,배성권 高神大學校 保健科學硏究所 1993 보건과학연구소보 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of the study were to: (1) describe the health and related variables among the Asian countries: and (2) to determine the ranking of the medical missionary areas to the Asian countries. For the methods to treat data, 1990 PC Globe. Inc. Tempe. Az. U.S.A. was utilized. The analysis model developed for determining ranking of the medical missionary areas out of the Asian countries selected as variables are as follows: economical, christian proportion, education, ADL, IMR, and life expectancy. The following findings are : (1) According to result of the variables, determined 5 groups to classify for the mission in the 43 Asian countries. Group 1 includes of 13 countries that are Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Afghanistan, Yemen, India, Cambocia, Parkistan, Oman, Iran, Raos, Lebanon and China. Group 2 includes of 14 countries that are Maldives, Mongolia, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Iraq, Turkey, Philippines, Myanmar, Indonesia, North Korea, Russia, Thailand and Sri Lanka. Also, Group 3 includes of 9 countries that are Qutar, Malaysia, Syrian, Makao, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Cyprus, Israel and Kuweit. Group 4 includes of 4 countries that are Guam, Japan, Taiwan and Singapore and Group 5 includes of 3 countries that are Brunai, Hong Kong and South Korea. (2) Group 1, and Group 2 are the most need to medical missionary in the primary health care(PHC) level. In these Groups need not only community development program and PHC program including child and maternal health, vaccination, and tropical medicine but also curative services. (3) In 1992, 48 medical missionary institutions are operating in Korea. In these institutions need to cooperate inter-institutions, NGOs, and KOICA(Korea Oversea Institution Cooperate Agency). Also, Korean medical missionary institutions are need to cooperate with International institutions, for examples, WHO, and UNICEF. The implication of the major finding for most of the Asian countries indicates the necessary basic needs. They are: primary health care, education, family planning, rural water supply and sanitation. Therefore medical missionary program must development basic needs oriented for the Asian countries.