웨이블릿 변환과 독립성분분석을 이용한 디지털 워터마킹

차성철,김대성,최훈,손상욱,배현덕 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2004 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.12 No.2

디지털 워터마크는 디지털 자료를 모사로부터 보호하는 방법이다. 그르므로 디지털 워터마크는 파일변환, 컬러변환, 약간의 몽롱화, 압축과 같은 치리에서 뿐 아니라 인쇄, 복사, 스캐닝에 대해서도 강인해야한다. 본 논문은 워터마크 추출을 위한 키 데이터와 독립성분분석을 이용하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 기법에서는 워터마크는 사람의 눈에 덜 민감한 원 영상의 웨이블릿변환 계수에 삽입된다. 그리고 독립성분분석 알고리즘은 서로 확률 분포가 다른 워터마크와 계수를 분리한다. 실험결과 워터마크가 워터마크 영상에서 사람 눈으로 인지할 수 없음을 보였으며, 워터마크 영상으로부터 키 데이터를 이용 영상이 일부 제거된 경우, 잡음이 첨가된 경우, JPEG 압축에서 워터마크의 추출이 가능함을 보였다. A digital watermark is a method to protect digital material from counterfeit. Therefore, it must be robust to withstand any processing, such as file format conversions, color conversions, slight blurring, sharpening color adjustment and compression as well as printing, copying and scanning. This paper proposed a method using key data and ICA algorithm for extraction of watermark. In this Method, we embed the watermark to the wavelet transform coefficients of original image which located in less sensitive subband to human eyes. ICA algorithm separated between watermark and coefficient that differs with probability distribution function each other. The experiment results have shown that the watermark is invisible to human eyes in watermarked image, and it is possible for watermarked image to extract the watermark with key data in various environment, such as removing, mixed noises and JPEG compressions.

하악과두에 발생하는 골연골종의 진단학적 방법

신상훈,차승만,황대석,김용덕,김욱규 부산대학교 병원 암연구소 2006 부산대병원학술지 Vol.- No.20

Pulpose : Osteeochondroma is a common benign tumor of the axial skeleton, especially the distal metaphysis of the femur and the proximal metaphysis of the tibia, however, is\ occured rarely on the facial skeleton. Tumors of the mandibular condyle are various and rare. so common interest is a little and its clinical symptoms are similar to the others. therefore, early diagnosis is very difficult. In this study, we will present our cases and review the literatures. Patients and Methods: We studied 17 patients(8 males, 9 females) who were diagnosed a osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Pusan National University Hospital. We reviewed the medical records. Results : Patients' mean age was 30.05 years. The sexual distribution is almost same. Twelve left condyles and five right condyles were involeved. The main symptoms was noise and facial asymmetry. Conclusion : Osteeochondroma is a rare benign tumor of the mandibular condyle. The differential diagnosis is difficult. However, using CT and MRI, we diagnosed early the osteochondroma and treated properly. Thus, we presented the cases of the osteochondroma with the literature reviews.

온라인 이미지에 관한 정보은닉 방지기법

차성덕(Sung Deok Cha),박근한(Gun Han Park),이흥규(Heung Kyu Lee) 한국정보보호학회 1996 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.6 No.2

A Study on the Reduction of Structure-borne Noise of Hydraulic Power Unit

Sung-Yong Park(박성용),Se-Woong Beack(백세웅),Byung-Uk Lee(이병욱),Ji-Hyub Cha(차지협),Sang-Myung Lee(이상명),Deok-Min Moon(문덕민) 한국소음진동공학회 2016 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

Anti-inflammatory effect of <i>Euphorbia supina</i> extract in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mice

Cha, Ji-Yun,Jeon, Yong-Deok,Xin, Mingjie,Kim, Do-Kuk,Lee, Hoon-Yeon,Kim, Bo-Ram,Hwang, Sung-Woo,Kim, Dae-Ki,Jin, Jong-Sik,Lee, Young-Mi Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2017 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.81 No.11

<P>The aim of this study is to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of Euphorbia supina (ES) ethanol extract in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis model. ES was per orally administered at different doses of 4 or 20 mg/kg body weight with 5% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. Twenty mg/kg of ES administration regulated body weight decrease, recovered colon length shortening, and increased disease activity index score and myeloperoxidase level in DSS-induced colitis. Histological features showed that 20 mg/kg of ES administration suppressed edema, mucosal damage, and the loss of crypts induced by DSS. Furthermore, ES suppressed the expressions of COX-2, iNOS, NF-kB, IkBa, pIkBa in colon tissue. These findings demonstrated a possible effect of amelioration of ulcerative colitis and could be clinically applied.</P>

Short time diagnostic method for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus by Wood Chips Direct Lysis with LAMP-Pi detection

Deok Jea Cha,Dong Soo Kim,Sang Gil Lee,Si Hyeock Lee,Yong Bae Park 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

There are many other detection methods for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. However, Baermann funnel method, PCR-based methods, which are laborious and time consuming processes that are unsuitable to rapid diagnose the Pine Wilt Disease (PWD) on the field. For these reasons, the aim of our experiment is not only to apply field diagnostic for pine wood nematode (PWN) but also to reduce total time for detection PWN in the pine trees by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with phosphate (Pi)-induced coloration reaction which could be yes or no answer for detection of PWN has not required UV detector but it just could be discriminated by naked eyes within 30 min. Genomic DNA was directly extracted from pine wood chips by Wood Chips Direct Lysis procedure which can be used for LAMP only after simple dilution. Our results suggest that LAMP-Pi detection method, simple and rapid method for detection of PWN, could be applied to the field diagnostic for PWD.

Building Control Box Attached Monitor based Color Grid Recognition Methods for User Access Authentication

Sung Hoon Yoon,Kil Soo Lee,Jae Sang Cha,Timur Khudaybergenov,Min Soo Kim,Deok Gun Woo,Jeong Uk Kim 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2020 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.12 No.2

The secure access the lighting, Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), fire safety, and security control boxes of building facilities is the primary objective of future smart buildings. This paper proposes an authorized user access to the electrical, lighting, fire safety, and security control boxes in the smart building, by using color grid coded optical camera communication (OCC) with face recognition Technologies. The existing CCTV subsystem can be used as the face recognition security subsystem for the proposed approach. At the same time a smart device attached camera can used as an OCC receiver of color grid code for user access authentication data sent by the control boxes to proceed authorization. This proposed approach allows increasing an authorization control reliability and highly secured authentication on accessing building facility infrastructure. The result of color grid code sequence received by the unauthorized person and his face identification allows getting good results in security and gaining effectiveness of accessing building facility infrastructure. The proposed concept uses the encoded user access authentication information through control box monitor and the smart device application which detect and decode the color grid coded informations combinations and then send user through the smart building network to building management system for authentication verification in combination with the facial features that gives a high protection level. The proposed concept is implemented on testbed model and experiment results verified for the secured user authentication in real-time.

Diagnostic Value of AFP, AFP-L3, and PIVKA-II and Their Combinations for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Single center, Case-control Study

( Sang Joon Park ),( Woo Jin Jung ),( Jae Yik Lee ),( Hee Jeong Lee ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Sang-woo Cha ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Young Deok Cho ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Background and Aim: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Lens culinaris agglutinin- reactive fraction of AFP (AFP-L3), and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) are widely used as tumor markers for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to perform a head-to-head comparison of the diagnostic value of AFP, AFP-L3 and PIVKA-II as single or in combination to find the best biomarker or panel. Methods: Seventy nine patients with newly diagnosed HCC and 77 non-HCC liver cirrhosis control patients were enrolled. Plasma AFP, AFP-L3, PIVKA-II levels were measured by ELISA, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed for each biomarker and for every combination of the markers. Results: Among three single biomarkers, AFP showed the highest area under the curve (0.751, 95 % confidence interval0.683-0.818). The diagnostic performance (sensitivity/specificity) of each single biomarker was 68.35 %/81.82 % with AFP (AFP>40 ng/mL), 70.89 %/70.13 % with PIVKA-II (PIVKA-II > 40 mAU/mL), and 50.63 %/83.12 % with AFP-L3 (AFP-L3>10 %), respectively. In case of combination of the biomarkers, ‘PIVKA-II > 40 mAU/mLand AFP>40 ng/mL’ showed the highest AUC (0.765, 95 % CI:0.708-0.823), and its sensitivity and specificity were 55.70 % and 97.40 % each. Compared with combination of ‘PIVKA-II > 40mAU/mL and AFP>40 ng/mL and AFP-L3>10 %’ (sensitivity 40.51 %, specificity 98.70 %, AUC 0.696), it had better sensitivity (55.70 % vs. 40.51 %, p=0.001) and AUC (0.765 vs. 0.696, p=0.001) and similar specificity (97.40 %vs. 98.70 %, p=0.001). The combination of ‘PIVKA-II > 40 mAU/mLor AFP>40 ng/mL or AFP-L3>10 %’ showed the highest sensitivity (sensitivity 84.81 %, specificity 51.95 %, AUC 0.684), but compared to combination of ‘PIVKA-II > 40 mAU/mLor AFP>40 ng/mL’(sensitivity 83.54 %, specificity 54.55 %, AUC 0.690), there is no statistical significant difference ( p=0.549). Conclusions: AFP showed the best diagnostic performance as a single biomarker for diagnosing HCC. Furthermore, when AFP combined with PIVKA-II, its diagnostic value could be maximized. However, AFP-L3 did not contribute to distinguish between HCC and non-HCC liver cirrhosis.

IoT Open-Source and AI based Automatic Door Lock Access Control Solution

Sung Hoon Yoon,Kil Soo Lee,Jae Sang Cha,Vinayagam Mariappan,Ko Eun Young,Deok Gun Woo,Jeong Uk Kim 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2020 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.12 No.2

Recently, there was an increasing demand for an integrated access control system which is capable of user recognition, door control, and facility operations control for smart buildings automation. The market available door lock access control solutions need to be improved from the current level security of door locks operations where security is compromised when a password or digital keys are exposed to the strangers. At present, the access control system solution providers focusing on developing an automatic access control system using (RF) based technologies like bluetooth, WiFi, etc. All the existing automatic door access control technologies required an additional hardware interface and always vulnerable security threads. This paper proposes the user identification and authentication solution for automatic door lock control operations using camera based visible light communication (VLC) technology. This proposed approach use the cameras installed in building facility, user smart devices and IoT open source controller based LED light sensors installed in buildings infrastructure. The building facility installed IoT LED light sensors transmit the authorized user and facility information color grid code and the smart device camera decode the user informations and verify with stored user information then indicate the authentication status to the user and send authentication acknowledgement to facility door lock integrated camera to control the door lock operations. The camera based VLC receiver uses the artificial intelligence (AI) methods to decode VLC data to improve the VLC performance. This paper implements the testbed model using IoT open-source based LED light sensor with CCTV camera and user smartphone devices. The experiment results are verified with custom made convolutional neural network (CNN) based AI techniques for VLC deciding method on smart devices and PC based CCTV monitoring solutions. The archived experiment results confirm that proposed door access control solution is effective and robust for automatic door access control.

Indoor Surveillance Camera based Human Centric Lighting Control for Smart Building Lighting Management

Sung Hoon Yoon,Kil Soo Lee,Jae Sang Cha,Vinayagam Mariappan,Min Woo Lee,Deok Gun Woo,Jeong Uk Kim 국제문화기술진흥원 2020 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.8 No.1

The human centric lighting (HCL) control is a major focus point of the smart lighting system design to provide energy efficient and people mood rhythmic motivation lighting in smart buildings. This paper proposes the HCL control using indoor surveillance camera to improve the human motivation and well-beings in the indoor environments like residential and industrial buildings. In this proposed approach, the indoor surveillance camera video streams are used to predict the day lights and occupancy, occupancy specific emotional features predictions using the advanced computer vision techniques, and this human centric features are transmitted to the smart building light management system. The smart building light management system connected with internet of things (IoT) featured lighting devices and controls the light illumination of the objective human specific lighting devices. The proposed concept experimental model implemented using RGB LED lighting devices connected with IoT features open-source controller in the network along with networked video surveillance solution. The experiment results are verified with custom made automatic lighting control demon application integrated with OpenCV framework based computer vision methods to predict the human centric features and based on the estimated features the lighting illumination level and colors are controlled automatically. The experiment results received from the demon system are analyzed and used for the real-time development of a lighting system control strategy.