여성장애인 실태에 관한 고찰

귄명옥,이상복 大邱大學校 特殊敎育·再活科學硏究所 2000 特殊敎育硏究 Vol.23 No.1

본 연구는 여성장애인의 실태(전반적 현황 및 직업실태)를 파악하기 위하여 1980년 이후부터 2700년 이전까지의 문헌을 토대로 하였다. 현황분석 결과, 출현을 2.35%로서 전체 장애인의 약 절반을 차지하는 여성장애인이 교육수준 및 인적 자본이 일반인은 물론이고 남성장애인보다 낮으며, 주거형태가 열악하고, 결혼율이 낮으며 일상생활의 불편을 느끼고 도움을 필요로 하고 있다. 또한 가정내, 가족간 제반사항에서 차별 및 인습으로 열악한 상태에 처해 있었다. 직업실태 분석결과에 의하면, 여성장애인 실태에 관한 체계적 연구가 부족하고, 여성장애인 고용이 부족하며 취업직종이 단순직종, 특종직종에 정형화되어 있다. 또한 이직율이 일반인의 2배이며 이직이유 1순위가 보수이다. 소득수준이 비현실적으로 낮고, 경제적인 어려움을 겪고 있으며 취업상의 차별을 받고 있다. 또한 중증여성장애인의 직업재활 대책이 부족하다. The purpose of this study was to examine disabled woman's vocational realities and to find out problems and to suggest welfare alternative. The concrete objectives of this study were as follows: First, this study examined about disabled woman's general realities. Second, this study examined about disabled woman's vocational realities. The method of this study was literature research. Therefore, Korean literature & foreign literature(articles, journals, magizines, books, statistical data, etc.) about disabled woman's welfare and vocational realties published from the year 1980 to 2000 A.D. were analyzed. The results of this study were as follows: First, there were few systematic researches about vocational realities for disabled women. Second, the majority of disabled woman were in unemployment. Third, the majority of disabled woman employed were in simple labor and limited vocation patters. Fourth, the rate of disabled women's vocation change were two times of that of general employee, and the first cause of vocation change was low wage. Fifth, the majority of disabled women were confronted with poverty life because of low wage. Sixth, flnancial support was needed for about a half disabled women. Seventh, disabled women were confornted with differencial treatment and difficulties in employment process. Eighth, disabled women were different from disabled men in areas of individual resoures. Ninth, wage level of disabled women employed was unreasonable. Tenth, support system for both vocation and domeestic affairs was unsufficient. Eleventh, vocational rehabilitation support for sever disabled women was unsufficient.

포커스 그룹을 이용만 임상간호사의 임파워먼트 경험에 관한 연구

권성복,염영희,권은경,이윤영 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2007 간호행정학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Purpose: This study was to explore the empowerment experienced by hospital nurses. Methods: Focus group was used to gather data and open coding method suggested by Strauss and Corbin was used to analyze the data. Thirty-four nurses who have clinical experience of more than three years at three university hospitals were participated in this study. Results: Five categories were identified: Getting chances of opportunities to show personal capabilities and motivations, acknowledgement, support, recognition and delightfulness. The major sources of empowerment were the acknowledgement of patients and family, colleagues, supervisors. doctors, and other personnels in hospital. Conclusion: Focus groups could be an useful tool for empowerment research in nursing. further research will be needed to clarify the relationship among individual, group and organization.

수술실 간호사의 간호업무 분석

권성복,조경숙,박영숙,김동옥,이여진,이은희 대한간호행정학회 2008 간호행정학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify nurses' duties and tasks for job analysis of the nurses in the operating room. Methods: This study was descriptive investigation research using the 3-point likert scale questionnaires and the level of importance, difficulty and the frequency of each duty and task were analyzed. Data were collected by 422 OR nurses from 57 hospitals. Results: Job of OR nurses included 13 duties and 105 tasks. The 13 duties were ‘management of operative patient’, ‘assistive work for operation’, ‘supportive work for operation’, ‘infection control in OR’, ‘management of equipments and instruments for operation’, ‘administrating medicine for operation’, ‘supplies management for operation’, ‘safety management for operation’, ‘environmental management for operating room’, ‘administrative work for operation’, ‘education for operating room personnel’, ‘development of operation procedure books’ and ‘self development of OR personnel’. Conclusion: This study identified duties and tasks performed by OR nurses. Based on these results, the importance, frequency, and difficulty in this study will provide research evidence for developing training programs for OR nurses.

장애를 지닌 여성인력에 대한 취약구조 분석과 지원체계

권명옥,서은정,이한우,이상복 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2000 再活科學硏究 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구에서는 여성장애인의 직업실태를 파악하고 문제점을 발견하여 복지대안을 마련하기 위하여 1980년 이후부터 2000년 이전까지의 문헌을 토대로 분석하였다 분석결과에 의하면, 전체 장애인의 약 절반을 차지하는 여성장애인의 직업실태에 관한 체계적 연구가 부족하고, 여성장애인 고용이 불충분하뇌, 취업직종이 단순지콩 및 특종직종에 정형화되어 있다. 또한 이직율이 일반인의 2배이며 이직이유 1순위가 보수로 나타났다. 소득수준이 비현실적으로 낮아서 경제적인 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 고용과정 및 취업상의 차별을 받고 있고, 남성장애인애 비해 인적 자원면에서 열악했다. 또한 직업 및 가사일에 대한 지지체계가 부족하고, 중중여성장애인의 직업재활 대책이 부족하다 여성장애인을 위한 복시대안으로는 장애인에 대한 국민의식 개선이 필요하고, 고용촉진 대안 및 고용증진 방안이 필요하며, 기본생활 보장을 위한 재정적 지원이 필요했다.

황성 섬강 상류의 어류상

송호복,권오길,전상호,김휘중,조규송 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1996 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.-

Fish fauna was investigated from June to November 1993 at the upper Sum river in Hoengsong. Form of stream was Aa and Aa-Bb, and pH, DO and BOD were 7.3~7.9, 8. 8~10.2mg/1 and 1.3~l. 5mg/1. The collected fishes were classified twenty nine species belonging to twenty two genera and seven family , of witch twelve species were endemic species of Korea. Dominant species was Zacco temmincki and subdominant species was Coreoleuciscus splendus. Zacco platypus, Microphgsogobio longidorsalis and Acheilognathus signifer were also numerous. Scarce species were Hemibarbus labeo, Coditis lutheri and the like. The species diversity index, dominance index and evenness index were 2.552, 0.384 and 0.758.

제조업 근로자들의 혈청 Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) 농도와 생활습관 및 직업적 관련요인

장상환,이채관,김대환,김권복,안진홍,김휘동,이창희,김정호,이종태 大韓産業醫學會 2008 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.20 No.3

목적: PFOA에 노출이 가능한 제조업 근로자들을 대상으로 혈청 PFOA농도를 조사하고 생활습관, 직업적 요인, 간기능 및 혈청 지질과의 관련성을 연구하고자 하였다. 방법: 2007년 8월부터 12월까지 부산지역 1개 대학병원 산업의학과에서 건강진단을 받은 PFOA노출 가능성이 있는 제조업 사업장 근로자 남자 203명과 여자112명의 총315명을 대상으로 하였다. 생활습관 및 직업적 요인을 설문조사 하였고, 혈청 PFOA 농도를 LC-MS/MS로 분석하였으며, 간기능 및 혈청 지질 검사를 실시하였다. 결과: 혈청 PFOA 농도의 평균은 전체가 8.0 ng/mL이었으며, 남자가 9.0 ng/mL, 여자가 6.3 ng/mL로 남자가 여자보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 다중회귀분석을 시행한 결과 성, 연령, 체질량지수, 총 콜레스테롤 등이 유의하게 나타났으며, 성별로는 남성에서, 연령이 많을 수록, 총 콜레스테롤이 높을 수록, 체질량지수가 낮을 수록 혈청 PFOA의 농도가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하여 성과 연령을 보정한 교차비를 산출한 결과, 섬유제품 염색, 정리 및 마무리 가공업(OR 6.16)이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았고, 주형 및 금형 제조업(OR 4.84), 선박 구성부분품 제조업 (OR 3.87), 플라스틱 합성피혁 제조업 (OR 10.05) 등이 상대적으로 높았다. 결론: 제조업 근로자들의 혈청 PFOA 농도는 성, 연령 및 총 콜레스테를 등과 관련성이 있었고, 업종별로는 섬유제품 염색, 정리 및 마무리 가공업에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 결과는 PFOA의 인체 위해성을 조사하기 위한 기초자료로 활용가치가 있을 것이다. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine serum perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) concentrations and to investigate the relationship of lifestyle, health status and work-related factors among workers at manufacturing companies with possible occupational exposure to PFOA. Methods: The study subjects were 315 workers (male 203, female 112) of manufacturing companies with possible exposure to PFOA from August to December, 2007. A questionnaire was administered to investigate lifestyle and work-related factors. Serum PFOA concentrations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS, and liver function and total cholesterol were also tested. Results: Serum PFOA concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 40.9 ng/mL (mean 8.0 ng/mL). Serum PFOA concentrations increased with age. Male workers had higher PFOA concentration than female workers (male 9.0 ng/mL; female 6.3 ng/mL). According to stepwise multiple regression analysis, factors significantly associated with PFOA concentration were male, being older, higher total cholesterol, and lower body mass index. Adjusted for age and gender by logistic regression, dyeing and finishing textiles had significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of 6.16, and moulding patterns, moulds and industrial patterns (OR=4.84), sections for ships (OR=3.87), and plastics synthetic leather (OR=1O.05) had marginally significantly high odds ratios. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the factors affecting serum PFOA concentration of workers at manufacturing companies. Further study is needed to ensure the effect of occupational exposure on serum PFOA concentration.

방광이행상피세포암에서 p53유전자의 변화

김법완,권태균,노기석,정성광,장세국,정운복,김정완 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

The objective of this study was to characterise the pattern of p53 mutations in bladder turmor. In this study, 25 bladder transitional cell carcinomas were analyed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p53 nuclear overexpression, and the results were compared with those of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis in exon 5-8 of the p53 gene and DNA sequencing analysis. 15 out of 20 cases (75%) showed p53 nuclear immunoreactivities on IHC. On PCR-SSCP analysis, 10 out of 25 cases(40%) had abnormal shifts on mobility. 62% of the mutations were in exon 8. Direct DNA sequencing analysis were performed in these 10 cases to confirm the presence of mutated p53 genes and to determine the type of mutations. Sixteen point mutations were detected in 10 cases. Tow specimens had double mutations and another two had triple mutations. G:C→A:T transitions were the most frequent patterns (62.5%). One mutation was a premature stop codon and two were silent mutations. There out of 10 had a point mutation at codon 285 (GAG/Glu→AAG/Lys) and two had at codon 280(GAG/Glu→AAG/Lys). One of 16 mutations was transition at hot spot codon 273 with CpG site. These results suggest that altered expressions and point mutations of p53 occured in all grade of bladder cancer, but are more associated with hight grade bladder tumors. To elucidate the carcinogenesis of bladder cancer, further studies should be carried out.

Ca^(2+)-감수성 증가기전과 평활근 수축

이연리,김보경,최원호,김태경,이창권,배영민,조성일 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.14 No.-

Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by intracellular Ca^(2+) ([Ca^(2+)]_(i)) and the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC). However, various kinds of vasoconstrictors induce a further contraction at a given [Ca^(2+)]_(i), and elicit a sustained contraction under Ca^(2+) -depleted conditions, referred to as "Ca^(2+) -sensitization", in intact and membrane-pen-neabilized smooth muscle. Previously, several molecules, including protein kinase C (PKC), RhoA, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), have been suggested as candidate regulators of Ca^(2+) -sensitization. In the present review, we describe the role of PKC, RhoA, and MAPK in the regulation of Ca^(2+) -sensitization, and suggest a new model in research for the regulation of smooth muscle contraction.

임상 검체에서 분리된 nontyphoid Salmonella에서의 integron의 빈도와 특징

이정은,박수진,김성한,김미나,이남용,이복권,이상오,김양수,우준희,최상호 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.3

Background : Nontyphoid Salmonella (NTS) is a leading cause of human food-borne enteritis, It has been known that integron, a naturally occurring gene capture and expression element, Plays an important role in the development and dissemination of multidrug-resistance. In this study, we investigated the prevalences and molecular characteristics of integrons in NTS clinical strains. Materials and Methods : Between 1995-96 and 2000-03, a total 261 NTS clinical strains comprising 39 serotypes were collected from clinical specimens. All strains were serotyped, and the MICs of ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and trimethoprim were determined by agar dilution method. Integrons were detected by PCR amplification of integrase genes, and gene cassettes were determined by PCR and sequencing, Conjugation experiments were performed using E. coli J53 as a recipient. The clonal relationship was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresls (PFGE). Results : Of the 261 strains tested, class 1 integrons were present in 21 strains (8.0%). Class 2 and class 3 integrons were not found. The integron-positive rate was higher in S. Typhimurium (24.2% [8/33]) than in S. Enteritidis (2.0% [3/153]). Overall rates of antimicrobial resistance were higher in integron-positive strains. dhfr12-orfF-aadA2gene cassette was detected in 5 strains, aadA2in 4 strains, dhfr17-orfF-aadA5 in 2 strains, and addA1 in 1 strain. Ten integron-positive transconjugants were successfully selected. Among 8 integron-positive strains of S. Typhimurium, 7 had similar PFGE patterns. Conclusion: This study suggests that integrons are already playing a significant role in antimicrobial resistance in NTS. Continuous monitoring is needed to detect the emergence and spread of integron-mediated antimicrobial resistance.

국내 설사환자로부터 분리된 Escherichia coli 균의 혈청군 및 Verocytotoxin 생성능

김호훈,강연호,김성한,박미선,유재연,이복권 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.5

목적: 국내 설사 환자에게서 분리 동정된 인체 감염 유래 E. coli 균의 혈청군, verocytotoxin 생성능을 구명하여 EHEC 균의 인체 감염 실태를 구명하고, 동물 및 식품 유래 분리균주의 성상과 비교 검토하여 인체 감염 위험성에 대한 기초적 자료를 의학계에 제공하고자 하였다. 방법: EHEC 감염의심 설사 환자 분변 검체로부터 분리된 균주 중 생화확적 성상에 따라 대장균을 분리하였고 이들 균주 중 E. coli O157:H7를 분리하기 위해서는 Dsorbitol 음성균을 선별하였으며, 분리균에 대하여 항혈청으로 응집 시험을 실시하여 혈청군을 구명하였다. 혈청군이 확인된 균주에 대하여 중합효소 연쇄반응 (PCR) 및 역수동라텍스 응집시험 (Reversed Passive Latex Agglutination:RPLA) 으로 verocytotoxin 생성능을 구명하였다. 결과: 장출혈성 대장균 감염 의심설사 환자의 분변검체로부터 25주의 E. coli 균을 분리 동정하였으나 이들 균주는 모두 verocytotoxin을 생성하지 않았다. 분리 동정된 대장균으로부터 확인된 혈청군은 16종으로서 E. coli O1, O6, O8, O15, O20, O25 O26, O28, O29, O44, O86a, O119, O126, O128, O152, 및 O157:H-였으며 E. coli O157:H-혈청형 균주와 E.coli O25 혈청군 균주가 각각 3주씩 분리되어 비교적 높은 분리율을 보였다. 결론: 장출혈성 대장균 감염 의심설사 환자 분변 가검물로부터 총 25주의 E. coli균을 분리 동정하였으나 verocytotoxin을 모두 생산하지 않았다. Background: Since 1982, many countries has reported outbreaks or sporadic cases caused by enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serogroup strains, mainly E. coli O157:H7 type strain. However, systemic investigation about EHEC agents, including E. coli O157:H7, have not been done in Korea. Therefore, we investigated serogroup and verotoxin productivity of E. coli strains isolated from diarrheal patients and estimated risk of human infection in comparison with EHEC strains isolated from cow, pig, and food material in Korea. Methods: Diarrheal patient stool samples were collected and E. coli strains were isolated, according to biochemical characteristics. In order to isolate E. coli O157:H7, D-Sorbitol negative strains were selected. Serogrouping of the E. coli isolates was done by agglutination test. Verocytotoxin productivity was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reversed passive latex agglutination (RPLA). Human infection risk was estimated in comparison with EHEC strains isolated from cow, pig and food materials in Korea. Results: Twenty-five E. coli strains were isolated from the diarrheal patients who were suspected to be infected with EHEC. However, none of these E. coli strains produced verocytotoxin. Out of 25 E. coli isolates, 16 serogroups of E. coli O1, O6, O8, O15, O20, O25, O26, O28, O29, O44, O86a, O119, O126, O128, O152 and 157:H-were found. In each of the E. coli O157:H-and O25 serogroups 3 strains were found. Conclusion: None of 25 E. coli isolated from diarrheal patients who were suspected of EHEC infection produced verocytotoxin producing E. coli have been reported recently in Korea.