Comparison of Self-Efficacy and Patient Role Behavior depending on Personality Traits among Hemodialysis Patients Receiving Personal Education

Seungok Choi,Dongsuk Lee 한국간호과학회 2011 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

Emergence of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Strains as a Cause of Healthcare-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Korea

Park, Sun Hee,Park, Chulmin,Yoo, Jin-Hong,Choi, Su-Mi,Choi, Jung-Hyun,Shin, Hyun-Ho,Lee, Dong-Gun,Lee, Seungok,Kim, JaYoung,Choi, So Eun,Kwon, Young-Mi,Shin, Wan-Shik Cambridge University Press 2009 Vol.30 No.2

<B>Background.</B><P>The prevalence of community-associated methicillin-resistant<I>Staphylococcus aureus</I>(CA-MRSA) strains causing bloodstream infection (BSI) has not been studied in Korea.</P><B>Objective.</B><P>We sought to determine the prevalence of CA-MRSA strains among isolates recovered from patients with MRSA BSIs and to explore epidemiological changes in Korea. We also sought to evaluate clinical characteristics relevant to the development of healthcare-associated BSIs.</P><B>Methods.</B><P>We prospectively collected consecutive MRSA isolates from patients with BSI at 4 hospitals from July 1 through November 30, 2007, and we also included MRSA isolates recovered from culture of blood samples collected during a previous year (October 1, 2004 through September 30, 2005) at a different hospital. Molecular typing studies were performed, including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing,<I>Staphylococcus</I>protein A (<I>spa</I>) typing, and staphylococcal cassette chromosome<I>mec</I>(SCC<I>mec</I>) typing. We compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with healthcare-associated BSI due to CA-MRSA strains with those of patients with healthcare-associated BSI due to healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) strains.</P><B>Results.</B><P>There were 76 cases of MRSA BSI, of which 4 (5.3%) were community-associated and 72 (94.7%) were healthcare-associated. Among the 72 HA-MRSA BSIs, 18 (25%) were community onset, and 54 (75%) were hospital onset. PFGE type D-ST72-<I>spa</I>B-SCC<I>mec</I>type IVA MRSA, the predominant genotype of CA-MRSA in Korea, accounted for 19 (25%) of all 76 MRSA BSIs, including 17 (23.6%) of 72 HA-MRSA BSIs and 11 (20.8%) of 53 hospital-onset HA-MRSA BSIs. Patients with healthcare-associated BSIs due to CA-MRSA strains carrying SCC<I>mec</I>type IVA tended to have fewer healthcare-associated risk factors, compared with patients with healthcare-associated BSIs due to HA-MRSA strains carrying other SCC<I>mec</I>types. The presence of a central venous catheter or other invasive device was the only independent factor differentiating patients infected with hospital-associated genotype strains from patients infected with other strains. Clinical outcomes were similar between both groups.</P><B>Conclusions.</B><P>CA-MRSA strains are emerging as a major cause of BSI in healthcare settings in Korea. This changing epidemiology of MRSA poses a challenge to public health and infection control in hospital settings.</P>

A rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test based on single-cell morphological analysis

Choi, Jungil,Yoo, Jungheon,Lee, Mincheol,Kim, Eun-Geun,Lee, Ji Soo,Lee, Seungok,Joo, Seik,Song, Sang Hoon,Kim, Eui-Chong,Lee, Jung Chan,Kim, Hee Chan,Jung, Yong-Gyun,Kwon, Sunghoon American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2014 Science Translational Medicine Vol.6 No.267

<P>A rapid antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) is desperately needed in clinical settings for fast and appropriate antibiotic administration. Traditional ASTs, which rely on cell culture, are not suitable for urgent cases of bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance owing to their relatively long test times. We describe a novel AST called single-cell morphological analysis (SCMA) that can determine antimicrobial susceptibility by automatically analyzing and categorizing morphological changes in single bacterial cells under various antimicrobial conditions. The SCMA was tested with four Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard bacterial strains and 189 clinical samples, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase–positive <I>Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae</I>, imipenem-resistant <I>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</I>, methicillin-resistant <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I>, and vancomycin-resistant <I>Enterococci</I> from hospitals. The results were compared with the gold standard broth microdilution test. The SCMA results were obtained in less than 4 hours, with 91.5% categorical agreement and 6.51% minor, 2.56% major, and 1.49% very major discrepancies. Thus, SCMA provides rapid and accurate antimicrobial susceptibility data that satisfy the recommended performance of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.</P>

Succinyl Daidzin and Succinyl Genistin are New Isoflavone Derivatives Found in Cheonggukjang

SeungOk Yang,SeungWook Lee,YoungWoo Park,SangJun Lee,Pahn-Shick Chang,Sung-Seen Choi,JaeHwan Lee 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.1

Two new fermentation products were separated from cheonggukjang by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and tentatively identified as succinyl daidzin and succinyl genistin by HPLC-mass spectrometry (MS). Both succinyl daidzin and succinyl genistin were detected in all 4 commercially available and one laboratory prepared cheonggukjang and 1 commercially available natto. However, these compounds were not detected in commercially available 4 home-made and 4 factory-produced doenjang. Peak areas of succinyl genistin were about 1.95-2.45 times higher than those of succinyl daidzin in cheonggukjang, which may be due to the higher concentration of genistin derivatives than daidzin derivatives in soybeans. This is the first report on the succinyl derivatives as isoflavone metabolites from cheonggukjang and these 2 isoflavone derivatives could be characteristic indicators for cheonggukjang.

The effect of fibroblast growth factor on distinct differentiation potential of cord blood-derived unrestricted somatic stem cells and Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

Lee, Seungok,Park, Byung-Joon,Kim, Ji Yeon,Jekarl, DongWook,Choi, Hyun Yoo,Lee, Seong Yeoun,Kim, Myungshin,Kim, Yonggoo,Park, Moon-Seo Elsevier 2015 cytotherapy Vol.17 No.12

<P>Background aims. Perinatal tissues are considered an attractive source of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and have unique characteristics depending on their origin. In this study, we compared the basic characteristics of unrestricted somatic stem cells isolated from cord blood (CB-USSCs) and MSCs isolated from Wharton's jelly of umbilical cords (WJ-MSCs). We also evaluated the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) supplementation on the growth and differentiation of these cells. Methods. CB-USSCs and WJ-MSCs were isolated from the same individual (n = 6), and their morphology, cell surface antigens, proliferation, expression of stemness markers and adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potentials were evaluated. Their morphology, proliferation and differentiation potentials were then also compared in the presence of bFGF supplementation (10 ng/mL). Results. Overall, CB-USSCs expressed DLK-1 and negative for all the HOX gene markers. The expression of cell surface antigen CD90, growth capacity and adipogenic differential potential of CB-USSCs were lower than those of WJ-MSCs. WJ-MSCs showed higher growth capacity, but the expression of CD73 and CD105 and their osteogenic differentiation potential were lower than those of CB-USSCs. The spindle morphology of both CB-USSCs and WJ-MSCs and the growth and adipogenic differentiation of CB-USSCs were improved by bFGF supplementation. However, the bFGF supplement did not have any positive effect on the tri-lineage differentiation potentials of WJ-MSCs. Conclusions. CB-USSCs and WJ-MSCs each had distinct characteristics including different growth capacity, distinguishable cell surface markers and distinct adipogenic and osteogenic potentials. bFGF supplementation improved the growth capacity and adipogenic differentiation of CB-USSCs.</P>

알루미늄 폼 및 허니컴 코어를 갖는 샌드위치 복합재료의 충격 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

최해규(Haekyu Choi),방승옥(Seungok Bang),이상교(Sangkyo Lee),조종두(Chongdu Cho),조재웅(Jaeung Cho) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2011 No.11

This paper studies the impact experiment about composite material with porous material. These specimens are the sandwich composites with cores of aluminum foam and honeycomb. The impact energies of 50, 70 and 100 J are applied at the specimen fixed at jig by Instron Dynatup. Maximum loading point or impact energy absorption at composite of foam core becomes higher than honeycomb core individually.

Evaluating Diagnostic Tests for Helicobacter pylori Infection Without a Reference Standard: Use of Latent Class Analysis

Dong Wook Jekarl,Hyunyu Choi,Ji Yeon Kim,Seungok Lee,Tae-Geun Gweon,이혜경,Yonggoo Kim 대한진단검사의학회 2020 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.40 No.1

Evaluation of diagnostic tests requires reference standards, which are often unavailable. Latent class analysis (LCA) can be used to evaluate diagnostic tests without reference standards, using a combination of observed and estimated results. Conditionally independent diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori infection are required. We used LCA to construct a reference standard and evaluate the capability of non-invasive tests (stool antigen test and serum antibody test) to diagnose H. pylori infection compared with the conventional method, where histology is the reference standard. A total of 96 healthy subjects with endoscopy histology results were enrolled from January to July 2016. Sensitivity and specificity were determined for the LCA approach (i.e., using a combination of three tests as the reference standard) and the conventional method. When LCA was used, sensitivity and specificity were 83.8% and 99.4% for histology, 80.0% and 81.9% for the stool antigen test, and 63.6% and 89.3% for the serum antibody test, respectively. When the conventional method was used, sensitivity and specificity were 75.8% and 71.1% for the stool antigen test and 77.7% and 60.7% for the serum antibody test, respectively. LCA can be applied to evaluate diagnostic tests that lack a reference standard.

Clinical Significance of Fecal Lactoferrin and Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in Patients with Acute Diarrhea

( Hae Mi Lee ),( Seungok Lee ),( Bon In Lee ),( Dong Wook Jekarl ),( Joo Yong Song ),( Hye Jung Choi ),( Bong Koo Kang ),( Eun Joo Im ),( Joon Sung Kim ),( Jong In Kim ),( Byung Wook Kim ),( Hwang Cho 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.5

Background/Aims: The diagnostic yield of fecal leukocyte and stool cultures is unsatisfactory in patients with acute diarrhea. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical significance of the fecal lactoferrin test and fecal multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with acute diarrhea. Methods: Clinical parameters and laboratory findings, including fecal leukocytes, fecal lactoferrin, stool cultures and stool multiplex PCR for bacteria and viruses, were evaluated prospectively for patients who were hospitalized due to acute diarrhea. Results: A total of 54 patients were included (male, 23; median age, 42.5 years). Fecal leukocytes and fecal lactoferrin were positive in 33 (61.1%) and 14 (25.4%) patients, respectively. Among the 31 patients who were available for fecal pathogen evaluation, fecal multiplex PCR detected bacterial pathogens in 21 patients, whereas conventional stool cultures were positive in only one patient (67.7% vs 3.2%, p=0.000). Positive fecal lactoferrin was associated with presence of moderate to severe dehydration and detection of bacterial pathogens by multiplex PCR (21.4% vs 2.5%, p=0.049; 100% vs 56.5%, p=0.032, respectively). Conclusions: Fecal lactoferrin is a useful marker for more severe dehydration and bacterial etiology in patients with acute diarrhea. Fecal multiplex PCR can detect more causative organisms than conventional stool cultures in patients with acute diarrhea. (Gut Liver 2015;9:636-640)

Clinical Significance of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Acute Pediatric Diarrhea

Park, Yoonseon,Son, Minji,Jekarl, Dong Wook,Choi, Hyun Yoo,Kim, Sang Yong,Lee, Seungok The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2019 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.22 No.4

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of inflammatory biomarkers in acute infectious diarrhea among children. Methods: Clinical parameters including fever, bacterial and viral etiology based on stool culture and multiplex polymerase chain reaction, and nine biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and leukocytes in blood and calprotectin, lactoferrin, myeloperoxidase, polymorphonuclear elastase, leukocytes, and occult blood in feces were evaluated in children who were hospitalized due to acute diarrhea without underlying disease. Results: A total of 62 patients were included. Among these patients, 33 had fever, 18 showed bacterial infections, and 40 patients were infected with 43 viruses. Of all the biomarkers, CRP was significantly correlated with fever (p<0.001). CRP, ESR, calprotectin, lactoferrin, myeloperoxidase, fecal leukocytes, and occult blood were significantly associated with infection with bacterial pathogens (p<0.001, p=0.04, p=0.03, p=0.003, p=0.02, p=0.03, p=0.002, respectively). The combination of CRP and fecal lactoferrin at their best cut-off values (13.7 mg/L and $22.8{\mu}g/mL$, respectively) yielded a sensitivity of 72.2%, and a specificity of 95.5% for bacterial etiology compared with their individual use. Conclusion: Blood CRP is a useful diagnostic marker for both fever and bacterial etiology in acute pediatric diarrhea. The combination of CRP and fecal lactoferrin yields better diagnostic capability for bacterial etiology than their use alone for acute diarrhea in children without underlying gastrointestinal disease.

Profiles of Isoflavone and Fatty Acids in Soymilk Fermented with Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, or Streptococci

Young Woo Park,Seung Wook Lee,Hyung-Kyoon Choi,SeungOk Yang,Young-Suk Kim,Ho-Nam Chun,Pahn-Shick Chang,JaeHwan Lee 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.2

Distribution of isoflavones and fatty acids in soymilk fermented with 7 Lactobacilli (L-type), 7 Bifidobacteria (Btype), or 5 Streptococci (S-type) were monitored. Total isoflavones in fermented soymilk ranged from 5.24 to 8.59 μ㏖/g dry basis while those in unfermented soymilk were 8.06 μ㏖/g dry basis. Depending on the types of inoculated microorganisms, fermented soymilk showed different profiles in isoflavones, especially aglycones and β-glucosides. Four L-type fermented soymilk had significantly higher aglycone content (33.69-46.21%) and low β-glucosides compared to control (p<0.05). All Btype fermented soymilk showed significantly high aglycone levels (p<0.05). Out of 5 Streptococci, 4 strains produced over 82.2% aglycones. Lipid content ranged from 162 to 224 ㎎/g and linoleic acid was the highest, followed by oleic, linolenic, palmitic, and stearic acids. Average ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in control, L-, B-, and S-type fermented soymilks was 6.30, 6.09, 6.30, and 5.94, respectively. This study can help to develop a fermented soymilk containing high isoflavone aglycones and low fat content.