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비정질 인듐갈룸ᅳ아연-산화물 박막트랜지스터 기반의 AMOLED 화소 회로
이재표(Jae-Pyo Lee),유경민(Kyeong-Min Yu),장진녕(JinNyoung Jang),홍문표(MunPyo Hong),배병성(Byung Seong Bae) 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2013 공업기술연구 논문집 Vol.32 No.2
본 논문은 비정질 인둠ᅳ갈f ᅳ아연-산화물 박막트랜지스터 (a-IGZO TFT)를 이용하여 능동형 유기발광다이오드 (AMOLED)용 문턱전압(Vth )을 보상하는 화소 회로를 제안하였다. 산화물 TFT는 n-채널 TFT로써, 우리는 n-채널 TFT 특성으로 회로를 최적화하였다. 제안된 화소 회로는 회로 시뮬레이션 뿐만 아니라 회로 분석을 이용하여 확인되었다. 제안된 화소 회로는 AMOLED에서 구동 TFT의 문턱전압 변화를 보상할 수 있다. 제안된 화소 회로를 이용함으로써, 문턱전압 보상은 달성되었다. rhis paper proposes a tnresnold voltage compensation pixel circuit for active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AM OLED) using amorphous indium-gaUiimi-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors (a-IGZO TFTs), Oxide TFT is an n-channel TFT; therefore, we optimized the circuit for the n-channel TFT characteristics. The proposed pixel circuit was verified using circuit analysis as well as circuit simulations. The proposed circuit could compensate for the threshold voltage variations o f drive TFT in AM OLED. Using the proposed pixel circuit, threshold voltage compensation was achieved.
이규항,김한오,이후경,윤성철,성상경,함웅,윤배중 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5
목 적 : 본 연구는 전문병원 위탁형 정신보건센터에서 실시한 주간보호의 전체적인 체계, 운영, 프로그램에 관한 모델을 소개하고, 이 모델을 주간보호에서 시행한 후 그 결과와 시행과정에서 나타난 특징을 분석하여, 우리 실정에 맞는 주간보호 모델을 발전시켜 만성정신병환자의 생활유지와 재활을 촉진시키기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. 방 법 : 본 주간보호 모델(이하 본 모델이라 함)을 1997년 3월부터 1998년 2월까지 의왕시 정신보건센터에서 총 23명의 환자를 대상으로 실시하였다. PANSS, Quality of Life, 삶의 만족 척도를 주간보호 전과 주간보호 실시 3개월 이후에 조사하였다. 프로그램 유익성 척도, 13가지 치료요인 척도를 주간보호 1개월째와 주간보호 실시 3개월 이후에 조사하였다. 결 과 : 1) 본 모델은 만성정신병환자의 증상을 감소시키고 삶의 질을 향상시켜, 환자의 생활유지 및 재활에 도움을 주었다. 2) 본 모델은 다양한 형태의 집단치료들을 사용하여 만성정신병환자에게 유익을 주었으며, 특히 예술치료와 활동치료가 환자의 신체적, 심리적, 사회적 기능회복을 위해 중요한 역할을 하였다. 3) 본 모델에 작용하는 치료요인의 특징을 보면 주간보호 초기와 후기에 모두 중시된 치료요인은 치료자와의 동일시, 치료자의 조언, 일차가족집단의 교정적 감정경험이었다. 주간보호 초기에 중시된 치료요인은 집단응집력, 이타심이었으며, 주간보호 후기에는 희망의 고취가 중시되었다. 4) 본 모델은 여러 분야의 치료자들과 다양한 치료방법들을 전체적으로 통합하여 사용하는데 유용하였다. 결 론 : 본 모델은 만성정신병환자의 생활유지와 재활을 위해 우리 나라에서 효과적이면서 효율적으로 적용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to present general system, operation, and program of a day care model managed by a psychiatrist, to evaluate the results of performing this model, and thus to develop a day care model applied to Korean situation appropriately for promoting maintenance and rehabilitation of chronic psychotic patients. Methods : We performed this day care model(hereinafter called as this model) from March 1997 to February 1998. The subjects were composed of 23 psychotic patients. PANSS, Quality of Life Scale, Life Satisfaction Self-Rating Scale were used before beginning this model and after three months of performing this model. Program Helpfulness Scale, 13 Therapeutic Factors Scale were used at one months of day care and after three months of day care. Results : 1) This model helped maintenance and rehabilitation of chronic psychotic patients through reducing their symptoms and increasing quality of life. 2) This model used the various group therapy, especially creative art therapy and activity therapy, played an important role for recovering physical, psychological, and social functions. 3) Important therapeutic factors at early and late period of this model were identification with therapists, guidance of therapists, and the corrective recapitulation of the primary family group. Important therapeutic factors at early period were group cohesiveness and altruism, and at late period instillation of hope. 4) This model was useful for integrating the multidisciplinary therapeutic team and the various therapeutic methods. Conclusion : This model would be applied to day care in this country effectively and efficiently for maintenance and rehabilitation of chronic psychotic patients.
Anti-wrinkle Effect of PLA2-free Bee Venom against UVB-irradiated Human Skin Cells
Hyunkyoung Lee,Seong Kyeong Bae,Min-Jung Pyo,Yunwi Heo,Choul Goo Kim,Changkeun Kang,Euikyung Kim 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2015 농업생명과학연구 Vol.49 No.1
The use of bee venom (Apis mellifera L., BV) occasionally causes side effects such as inflammation and allergic reactions in the recipients. Several case reports also suggested the treatment of BV has some limitations in its clinical uses, due to the occurrence of dermal necrosis and anaphylatic reactions. It is generally understood that bee venom allergy is mainly the result of its allergic component, phospholipase A2 (PLA2). The present study was aimed to generate PLA2-free bee venom (PBV) and evaluate its efficacy as skin care and cosmetic preparation, comparing with original bee venom (BV). Our results showed that both BV and PBV exhibited significant protective effects in UVB-irradiated human keratinocyte (HaCaT) and human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells and they also induced type I collagen synthesis in UVB-irradiated HDF cells except BV at 3 μg/ml. Furthermore, BV and PBV showed the inhibition of UVB-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), a major collagen degrading enzyme in skin. However, BV, unlike PBV, exhibited strong cytotoxicities in skin cells (both HaCaT and HDF) at its working concentrations of anti-wrinkle effect. The underlying cell signaling mechanisms of anti-wrinkle effects of BV and PBV were demonstrated by the activation of ERK1/2, and p38. Conclusively, PBV appears to be the bee venom of choice with less cytotoxicity and higher efficacy on UVB-irradiated skin cells in comparison with original bee venom (BV). Therefore, PBV can better be used as a cosmetic ingredient exhibiting excellent anti-wrinkle effect against photoaging than original BV.
Chon-Sik Kang,Kyeong-Hoon Kim,Young-Keun Cheong,Jae-Han Son,Jong-Chul Park,Kyong-Ho Kim,Kwang-Geun Park,Ouk-Kyu Han,Gi-Heung Hong,Jin-Kyeong Choi,Seong-Tae Lee,Jeong-Suk Bae,Bo-Kyeong Kim,Chulsoo Park 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
“Jojoong”, a winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. It was derived from the cross “Suwon272/Olgeuru//Keumkang/Suwon252” during 2002. “Jojoong” was evaluated as “Iksan360” in advance yield trial test in 2011. It was tested in the regional yield trial test between 2012 and 2014. “Jojoong” is an awned, semi-dwarf and hard winter wheat, similar to “Keumkang” (check cultivar). The heading and maturing date of “Jojoong” were earlier to “Keumkang”. “Jojoong” had lower test weight (799 g/L) and 1,000-grain weigh (35.6g) than “Keumkang” (816 g/L and 45.5g, respectively). “Jojoong” showed resistance to winter hardiness and pre-harvest sprouting, which lower withering rate on the high ridge (10.5%) and rate of pre-harvest sprouting (10.5%) than “Keumkang” (31.7 and 21.4%, respectively). “Jojoong” showed similar protein content (12.5%), SDS-sedimentation volume (43.5ml) and gluten content (8.6%) to “Keumkang” (12.9%, 58.5ml and 8.5%, respectively). It showed higher lightness (93.17) in flour color than “Keumkang” (91.95, respectively). “Jojoong” showed higher lightness (81.50) of noodle dough sheet than “Keumkang” (80.95). “Jojoong” exhibited similar hardness (3.84N) and higher springiness and cohesiveness of cooked noodles (0.94 and 0.66) compared to “Keumkang” (3.88N, 0.90, and 0.62, respectively). Average yield of “Jojoong” in the regional adaptation yield trial test was 5.09 MT/ha in upland and 5.35 MT/ha in paddy field, which was 9% and 8% higher than those of “Keumkang” (4.67 MT/ha and 4.92 MT/ha, respectively).
Kyeong Eui Kim,Yu Ra Jeon,Sung Uk Bae,Woon Kyung Jeong,Seong Kyu Baek 대한내시경로봇외과학회 2024 Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery Vol.27 No.1
Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of skin adhesives and to compare postoperative and cosmetic outcomes after wound closure in single-port laparoscopic appendectomy (SPLA) between skin adhesives and steri-strips. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study. We included 22 and 47 patients in whom skin adhesive and steri-strips were used respectively, for skin closure after subcuticular suturing in SPLA between August 2014 and 2020. The patient scar assessment questionnaire (PSAQ) was completed postoperatively to assess postoperative cosmetic outcomes. Results: On the postoperative day, patients in whom skin adhesive was used had significantly lower numeric rating scores than in whom steri-strips were used (2.8 ± 0.8 vs. 3.9 ± 0.8, p < 0.001). The frequency of analgesic administration within 24 hours and between 24 and 48 hours after surgery was significantly lower in the skin adhesive group compared to the wound closure strip group (1.4 ± 0.8 vs. 2.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.013 and 0.2 ± 0.4 vs. 0.7 ± 0.9, p = 0.002, respectively). In the PSAQ, “satisfaction with appearance” and “satisfaction with symptoms” subitem scores were significantly lower in patients in whom skin adhesive was used (11.3 ± 3.0 vs. 15.1 ± 4.5, p = 0.006 and 6.5 ± 1.8 vs. 9.5 ± 3.3, p = 0.003), whereas, “appearance” and “consciousness” subitems revealed no statistically significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: Liquid skin adhesive closures seem to be safe and feasible and cause less postoperative pain, resulting in greater patient satisfaction with postoperative scars than wound closure strip closure after subcuticular suturing in SPLA.
( Seong Ho Ok ),( Sung Il Bae ),( Seong Chun Kwon ),( Jung Chul Park ),( Woo Chan Kim ),( Kyeong Eon Park ),( Il Woo Shin ),( Heon Keun Lee ),( Young Kyun Chung ),( Mun Jeoung Choi ),( Ju Tae Sohn ) 대한통증학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.27 No.3
Background: A toxic dose of bupivacaine produces vasodilation in isolated aortas. The goal of this in vitro study was to investigate the cellular mechanism associated with bupivacaine-induced vasodilation in isolated endotheliumdenuded rat aortas precontracted with phenylephrine. Methods: Isolated endothelium-denuded rat aortas were suspended for isometric tension recordings. The effects of nifedipine, verapamil, iberiotoxin, 4-aminopyridine, barium chloride, and glibenclamide on bupivacaine concentration-response curves were assessed in endothelium-denuded aortas precontracted with phenylephrine. The effect of phenylephrine and KCl used for precontraction on bupivacaine-induced concentration-response curves was assessed. The effects of verapamil on phenylephrine concentration-response curves were assessed. The effects of bupivacaine on the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+] i) and tension in aortas precontracted with phenylephrine were measured simultaneously with the acetoxymethyl ester of a fura-2-loaded aortic strip. Results: Pretreatment with potassium channel inhibitors had no effect on bupivacaine-induced relaxation in the endothelium-denuded aortas precontracted with phenylephrine, whereas verapamil or nifedipine attenuated bupivacaine-induced relaxation. The magnitude of the bupivacaine-induced relaxation was enhanced in the 100 mM KCl-induced precontracted aortas compared with the phenylephrine-induced precontracted aortas. Verapamil attenuated the phenylephrine-induced contraction. The magnitude of the bupivacaine-induced relaxation was higher than that of the bupivacaine-induced [Ca2+] i decrease in the aortas precontracted with phenylephrine. Conclusions: Taken together, these results suggest that toxic-dose bupivacaine-induced vasodilation appears to be mediated by decreased calcium sensitization in endothelium-denuded aortas precontracted with phenylephrine. In addition, potassium channel inhibitors had no effect on bupivacaine-induced relaxation. Toxic-dose bupivacaine- induced vasodilation may be partially associated with the inhibitory effect of voltage-operated calcium channels.