중학교 영어학습자의 듣기능력 신장 방안 연구 : 받아쓰기 훈련을 중심으로

한종임,최세라 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 1998 교과교육학연구 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 우리 나라 중학생들의 영어 듣기 능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 교수·학습 방법의 일환으로 듣기 지도를 위한 받아쓰기 활용 방안을 모색하는 데 있다. 받아쓰기가 영어 듣기 능력 신장에 미치는 학습 효과를 실증적으로 검증한 결과, 첫째, 받아쓰기 연습은 듣기 능력을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 둘째, 듣기 능력이 떨어지는 하위집단 학습자에게는 부분 받아쓰기가 더 효과적이고 듣기 능력이 비교적 좋은 상위집단 학습자들에게는 문장 전체의 이해를 요구하는 전체 받아쓰기가 더 효과적이라는 것이 입증되었다. 이리한 연구 결과가 영어교육 현장에 주는 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영어교사들은 받아쓰기를 주로 평가로만 활용해 오던 종래의 방식에서 탈피하여 영어학습 초기 단계부터 듣기능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법으로 활용할 수 있으며, 둘째, 듣기와 연계된 받아쓰기의 효과를 극대화하기 위해서는 영어 학습초기 단계에서는 부분 받아쓰기의 비율을 전체 받아쓰기보다 더 많게 하고, 학생들의 듣기능력이 높아짐에 따라 점차 전체 받아쓰기에 역점을 두는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료된다. The goal of Korean English education lies in the development of Korean EFL learners' communicative competence. Listening has been regarded as the most important and essential component in developing communicative competence since listening comprehension was proved to be an active skill. However, most English teachers do not know how to teach listening effectively in their class and students say that listening is the most difficult part among the four language skills. Therefore, research on improving listening ability is most needed in order to develop Korean EFL learners'communicative competence. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dictation on the development of Korean middle school students' listening comprehension. The subjects of this study were first-year middle school sdents and they were divided into two groups: two experimental groups and a control group. The experimental groups were further divided into two groups: a spot dictation group and a full dictation group. The two experimental groups were given a dictation task in the consolidation stage of every En81ish class, while the control group was given the traditional consolidation stage without any dictation task. The main results of the study are as follows. First, the experimental groups showed significant improvement in listening comprehension, but the control group did not. Second, there was no significant difference between the spot dictation group and the full dictation group with respect to the improvement of listening comprehension. This indicates that the type of dictation is not a significant factor in improving listening skill. Third, the full dictation was proved to more effective to the high listening proficiency level learners, whereas the spot dictation was more effecsve to the low listening proficiency level learners. These results suggest that dictation can be used as one of the effective methods for improving Korean EFL learners' listening comprehension ability and the types of dictation should be determined according to learners' listening proficiency levels: the spot dictation is recomuended for the low level learners and the full dictation is recommended for the high level learners.

백화사설초 메탄올 추출물에 의한 HL-60 細胞 枯死過程에서의 cell cycle 關聯因子의 活性變化 硏究

한세희,이종범,문구,문석재,원진희,박래길,이종덕 대한한방종양학회 2000 대한한방종양학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Objecives: Hedyotis diffusa is used to treat cancer in traditional Korea Medicine. So this study was carried out to examine the expression of cell cycle related genes in HL-60 cells undergoing apoptosis by the methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa. Methods: 1. HL-60 cells were treated with various concentrations (from 200 to 50㎍/ml)of metnanol extract and H20 extract (200 ㎍/ml) of hedyotis diffusa. After 48 h later, the cells were tested for viability by MTT assay. 2. The HL-60 cells were treated with 200 ㎍/ml of methanol extract for the indicated periods. The whole cell lysates were prepared and analyzed by westem blotting using anti-p53 antibody. 3. The nuclear extract were prepared and analyed by western blotting using anti-p21 antibody, anti-p27 antibody, anti-cyclen A antibody, anti-cylin E antibody and anti-CDK2 antinbody. Results: 1. The methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa induced the death of HL-60 cells in a dose dependent manner. 2. The methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa makedly decreased the level of p21/Cipl and cyclin A in a time dependent manner. 3. The methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa markedly increased tje ;eve; pf p27/Kip and cyclin E in a time dependent mammer. 4.The methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa markedly did not affect the level of CDK2. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that expression of cell cycle related genes in HL-6- cells undergoing apoptosis by the methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa mainly results from decreased level of p21/cipl and increased level of p27/Kipl of the cell cycle related genes.

재발 또는 불응성 비호즈킨 림프종 환자에서 CDME 구제항암화학요법 후 고용량 항암화학요법 및 자가말초혈액 조혈모세포이식의 효과

김세형,한강원,배상병,김찬규,이남수,이규택,박성규,원종호,홍대식,박희숙 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Background and objectives : The long-term survival in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) after conventional dose chemotherapy is about 35% and the rest of the patients tend to have relapse. So, in relapsed or refractory NHL, we compared the outcome of patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(APBSCT) with only salvage chemotherapy of cisplatin, dexamethasone, mitoxantrone, and etoposide(CDME). Materials and methods : From June 1993 to December 1999, 25 patients with relapsed or resistant NHL were treated with CDME regimen as salvage chemotherapy. Twelve patients were received four cycles of CDME chemotherapy, and 13 patients were received high-dose chemotherapy with APBSCT following two cycles of CDME chemotherapy. Results : The median follow-up duration was 12.8 months(range:4-68). The overall response rate was 41.7% (complete response rate 25%, partial response rate 16.7%) in 12 patients with CDME only. Thirteen patients who were treated with high-dose chemotherapy with APBSCT achieved 61.5% complete response rate and 15.4% partial response rate, with an overall response rate of 76.9%. The estimated 3-year progression-free survival rate was significantly higher among patients who received high-dose therapy than patients who received CDME only(41.5% vs 20.0%, p<0.05). And, 3-year overall survival rate was significantly higher among patients who received high-dose therapy(51.3% vs 25.0%, p <0.05). Conclusions : In relapsed or refractory NHL, CDME chemotherapy is an effective salvage chemotherapy and allow peripheral blood stem cell collection. Also, high-dose chemotherapy with APBSCT following CDME is superior to CDME salvage chemotherapy only.

관상동맥 시술 도중 발생한 좌주간부 관상동맥 박리에 대한 스텐트 삽입 치료의 단장기 임상 결과 : acute and long-term results

이세환,이승환,홍명기,김영학,이철환,한기훈,송종민,강덕현,송재관,김재중,박성욱,박승정 대한내과학회 2004 대한내과학회지 Vol.66 No.6

목적 : 심도자 사용 시술과 관련된 좌주간부 관상동맥박리에 대한 적절한 치료는 아직 확실히 정립되지 않은 상태이다. 이에 본 연구는 좌주간부 관상동맥 박리에 대한 스텐트 삽입술의 단장기 임상결과를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 방법 : 좌주간부 관상동맥 박리에 대한 치료로 즉각적인 스텐트 삽입술을 시행하는 것이 안전하고 효과적인 방법임을 가설하였고, 이러한 즉각적인 스텐트 삽입을 시행한 10명의 환자를 대상으로 단장기적 임상경과를 의무기록 고찰과 전화 면담을 통해서 평가하였다. 결과 : 전체 환자 모두 처음부터 좌주간부 관상동맥에 유의한 협착을 가진 환자는 없었으며, 8명의 환자는 심도자의 조작으로 인한 박리가 발생한 경우였고(진단적 혈관 조영술 중에 3명, 유도 도자 조작 중에 5명), 나머지 2명은 다른 병변에 스텐트 삽입시술을 하는 중에 박리가 발생하였다. 이 10명의 환자에서 모두 즉각적인 스텐트 삽입술이 시행되었고, 4명의 환자에서 시술 도중 혈압 저하로 Intra-aortic Ballon Pump (IABP)를 장착하였다. 모든 환자에서 성공적으로 스텐트가 삽입되었고, 병원내 사망은 1명도 없었다. 6개월 추적 관상동맥 조영술은 8명의 환자에서 시행되었다. 혈관 조영상의 재협착(직경 협착 50% 이상)은 8명 모두에게서 관찰되지 않았으며, 퇴원 후 평균 31±25개월의 추적관찰 결과 주요 심장사건은 1건도 발생하지 않았다. 결론 : 비록 대상 환자가 적은 연구였지만 좌주간부 관상동맥 박리에 대한 스텐트 삽입술은 기술적으로 안전하고 빠르게 시행 할 수 있으며, 훌륭한 단장기적인 치료 효과를 보여준다. Background : The optimal treatment of patients with left main coronary artery (LMCA) dissection during catheter-based procedure remains uncertain. We retrospectively analyzed the acute and long-term results of bail-out stenting for LMCA dissection. Methods : In cases with significant LMCA dissection occurring during catheter-based procedure, prompt stent implantation may be safe and associated with favorable clinical outcome. We evaluated the acute and long-term results of bail-out stenting for LMCA dissection occurring during catheter-bases procedure in 1- patients. Results : Initially, there was significant stenosis of LMCA segment in these patients. Catheter-induced dissection occurred in 8 patients (during diagnostic angiography in 3 patients and guiding catheter manipulation in 5 patients). Two patients suffered dissection in the setting of stent deployment in other vessels. Therefore, bail-out stenting LMCA dissection was performed in a total of 10 patients. In 4 patients, hypotension developed and intra-aortic balloon pump was placed during procedure. Stents were successfully deployed in all patients. There was no in-hospital mortality. Six-month angiographic follow-up was performed in 8 patients. Angiographic restenosis(diameter stenosis 50%) was not observed in all patients at follow-up study. During a mean follow-up of 31±25 months after hospital discharge, there was no major adverse cardiac event (death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization). Conclusion : Bail-out LMCA stenting is technically feasible, and showed good acute and long-term results in a small series of patients.

전기장 인가에 따른 DNA 신장에 관한 AFM 연구

박진영,한성웅,손세영,송성훈,김종민,Ohtani, Toshio,Muramatsu, Hiroshi,장상목 한국화학공학회 2002 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.40 No.1

본 연구에서는 마이카 표면상에서 전기장에 의한 극히 낮은 농도의 DNA 신장에 대한 효율적인 방법론을 제시하였다. 전기장에 의한 DNA 신장을 AFM형상으로 분석한 결과, DNA 농도범위가 약 57×10 exp(-3)ng/mL-57×10 exp(-6)ng/mL일 때 매우 잘 적용되며, 신장된 DNA는 두 전극 중앙에 존재하였다. 또한, 일반 마이카, Mg^2+ 처리된 마이카, 그리고 AP-마이카 표면들에 대한 신장 효율의 차를 기술하였다. 동일한 실험조건 하에서 AP-마이카의 표면이 가장 좋은 효율의 DNA 신장 결과를 나타내었다. An effective method of DNA stretching using electric field on mica surface was proposed for extremely low solution concentration of DNA. DNA stretching based on electric field was observed by AFM and well applied on the concentration range from 57×10 exp(-3)ng/mL to 57×10 exp(-6)ng/mL. Stretched DNA existed in the middle of two electrodes. The difference in stretching efficiency for the different surfaces of bare mica, Mg^2+ soaked mica and AP-mica was discussed. The best performance of stretching was found from the surface of AP-mica under the same experimental condition.

韓國의 肝吸蟲症에 관한 臨床的 硏究

金名世,李駿商,林漢鍾 고려대학교 의과대학 1982 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.19 No.1

For understanding of the significance on clinical features of clonorchiasis, the authors carried out the examinations for hematology, blood biochemistry and clinical symptoms on the patients whose stools were positive eggs of clonorchis sinensis in several endemic areas in Korea. A total of 287 clonorchiasis patients were examined with the stools by Stoll's egg counting method for the intensity of infection. The patients were divided into light, moderate Ⅰ & Ⅱ, heavy and very heavy infection groups depending upon the number of eggs per gm, of feces(EPG). All the calculated mean values for each items with standard deviation of hematological and blood bichemical tests were compared with those of the normal values and the detailed clinical symptoms according to the intensity of infection were analyzed. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The mean values of hematologic findings in each group of infection were within the normal limit except eosinophil counts. In the changes of hematological values by means of intensity of infection, the mean values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC, WBC and eosinophil counts were increased in accordance with the intensity of infection. 2. To observe the occurrence of anemia in the patients infected with C. sinensis, the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were compared in each group of infection. But all the values were shown within normal value. 3. All the mean values of blood biochemistry in each group of infection were within the normal limit. However the mean values of GPT, GOT, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and cholesterol were increased in accordance with the intensity of infection. Whereas, the mean values of total protein, albumin and A/G ratio were decreased. 4. The subjective symptoms of human clonorchiasis were increased by the higher intensity of infection. Among chief complaints, asthenia, lassitude and mental depression were most common as generalized symptoms, but as gastrointestinal symptoms, abdominal discomfort, epigastric pain and indigestion were most frequent. In physical examination, hepatomegaly, epigastric tenderness and jaundice were found most frequently. Even in the light infection group, over 60 per cent of patients complained the subjective symptoms. 5. With the above results, the changes in the fields of hematology, blood biochemistry and the clinical symptoms by means of intensity of infection were discussed for the specific clinical features of clonorchiasis.

부산 금정산일대 용천수, 지하수 및 지열수의 지화학적 특성

조명희,함세영,한석종,성익환,이병대,조병욱 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 環境硏究報 Vol.17 No.1

Spring, groundwater and thermal water from the area and the vicinity of Mt. Geumjeong and Mt. Baekyang, Pusan city, has been sampled and analyzed for major and minor elements. According to the Piper diagram, spring water belongs to Ca^2^+-HCO_3^- and Na^+-HCO_3^- types, groundwater to Ca^2^+-HCO_3^- type, and thermal water to Na^+-CI^- type. Based on the phase stability diagrams of [Ca^2^+I/[H^+]^2, [Mg^2^^+I/[H^+]^2, and [Na^+I/[H^+] vs. [H_4SiO_4], spring water, groundwater and thermal water are mostly in equilibrium with kaolinite. The result of factor analysis shows three factors (factor 1,2 and factor 3) for the spring water, the groundwater and the thermal water which are represented by the influence of the dissolution of feldspar, calcite, anthropogenic sources (domestic and industrial wastes) and salt water.

부산 금정산 주변 지하수의 수질 특성

김정숙,함세영,한석종 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究報 Vol.16 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine chemical characteristics of groundwater for granitic and andesitic rocks in the vicinity of Mt. Geumjung, Pusan city, to establish the possible hydrogeochemical model of groundwater, and to evaluate the potential of groundwater pollution. According to the Piper diagram, groundwater in the study area mostly belongs to Ca^2^+-HCO_3 and Na^+-HCO_3 types. High concentration of Ca^2^- and Na^+ in groundwater are ascribed to the dissolution of plagioclase. Statistical methods (correlation analysis and factor analysis) were introduced to make the interpretation of analyzed data. Factor 1, consisting of pH, EC, Na^+, K^+, NH_4^+, Cl^- SO_4^2 and NO_3^-, explains the: effects of water-rock interaction such as dissolution of plagioclase and mica, and the influence of anthropogenic sources (domestic and industrial wastes). Factor 2, consisting of SiO_2, Ca^2^+ and HCO_3^- explains the dissolution of Ca-plagioclase. A hydrogeochemical modeling code, PHREEQC identifies and quantifies water-mineral reaction in fissures of the bedrock. The result of the modeling indicates the dissolution of major elements and formation of the kaolinite mineral.

폴록사머 188 및 멘톨에 의한 이부프로펜의 용해도 증가

용철순,정세현,박상만,이종달,최한곤 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.1

To enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble ibuprofen with poloxamer and menthol, the effects of menthol and poloxamer 188 on the aqueous solubility of ibuprofen were investigate. In the absence and presence of additives such as ethanol and poloxamer 188, the solubility of ibuprofen increased until the ratio of menthol to ibuprofen increased from 0:10 to 4:6 followed by and abrupt decrease in solubility above the ratio of 4:6, indicating tat 4 parts of ibuprofen formed eutetic mixture with 6 parts of menthol. In the presence of poloxamer, the solutions with the same ratio showed abrupt increase in the solubility of ibuprofen . Furthermore, in the presence of poloxamer, the solution with ratio of 4:6 showed more than 2.5- and 6-fold increase in the solubility of ibuprofen compared with that without additives and that without menthol, respectively. The solution with menthol/ibuprofen ratio of 1:9 and higher than 15% poloxamer 188 showed the maximum solubility of ibuprofen, 1.2㎎/ml. Thus, menthol gave the greatly enhanced solubility of ibuprofen with poloxamer 188.

立地特性別 Asbestos의 環境濃度

유영식,김종규,민달기,김남천,이형춘,최한영,김을환,우세홍,이상건 서울保健大學 1989 論文集 Vol.9 No.1