Right Ventricular Remodeling Determines Tricuspid Valve Geometry and the Severity of Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation:A Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiography Study

송종민,장민경,김윤정,김대희,강덕현,송재관 대한심장학회 2010 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.40 No.9

Background and Objectives: Right ventricle (RV) remodeling can determine tricuspid valve (TV) geometry and the severity of functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR). Subjects and Methods: In 53 patients with various degrees of functional TR and in sinus rhythm, RV and TV geometries were analyzed using real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography, including tenting angles of 3 leaflets, septal-lateral and antero-posterior tricuspid annulus diameters and inlet RV dimensions, mid-RV septal-lateral dimension, and the distance between annulus and apex. A mid-systole frame when the TV tenting is smallest was selected for the analysis. RV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes were measured. The severity of functional TR was determined by distal jet area. Results: TR distal jet area was mainly determined by septal-lateral annulus diameter (p<0.001)RV inlet dimension (p=0.015), RV end-systolic volume (p=0.010), septal (p=0.019), and anterior leaflet tenting angles (p=0.045) by multiple stepwise linear regression analysis. Leaflet tenting angles were mainly determined by septal-lateral RV inlet dimension. Septal-lateral annulus diameter was determined by septal-lateral RV inlet dimension (p<0.001) and mid RV dimension (p=0.033), whereas antero-posterior annulus diameter was determined by antero-posterior RV inlet dimension (p<0.001). Conclusion: Functional TR severity is determined by septal-lateral annulus and RV dilation, and tenting of septal and anterior leaflets. TV leaflet tenting is mainly determined by septal-lateral RV inlet dilation, and tricuspid annulus dilation is closely linked with inlet RV dilation.

혐기성 매립조와 준호기성 매립에서 도시폐기물의 생분해 특성에 관한 비교 연구

송종민,박종웅 경산대학교(대구한의과대학) 1999 環境硏究 Vol.4 No.1

The objective of this study is to compare the biodegradable characteristics of municipal solid waste in the anaerobic and semiaerotac column. The experimental investigations were to conduct such tests as leachate, gas production and composition, and stabilization during 70 weeks. The initial concentration ranges of BOD and COD in anaerobic column were decreased from 57,000∼64,000㎎/ℓ, 80,000∼87,000mg/ℓ to 6,100㎎/ℓ, 8,100㎎/ℓand those in semiaerobic column were decreased from 7,800∼15,400㎎/ℓ, 11,400∼16,200㎎/ℓto 22.0㎎/ℓ, 300㎎/ℓ. The concentadon ranges of T-N, NH4+-N, and T-P in anaeobic column were decreased from 2,000∼2.400㎎/ℓ, 1,500∼1,800㎎/ℓ, 250∼300㎎/ℓ to 225㎎/ℓ, 185㎎/ℓ, 70㎎/ℓand those in semiaerobic column were decreased from 1,100∼1,400㎎/ℓ, 1,000 -l3OO㎎/ℓ, 11.1~28.8㎎/ℓto 220㎎/ℓ, 16㎎/ℓ, 3.2㎎/ℓ. The leaching amounts of BOD, COD, T-N, and T-P in anaerobic column were shown 22, 11, 1.4, 9.7 times larger than those in semiaerobic column, respectively. The settlement rate and decreasing weight, as stabilization and biodegradation index of solid waste in semiaerobic column, were shown 2 times more remarkable difference than those values in anaerobic column. Based on BOD, the decay coefficient of organic matter in seniaerotac column was shown 3.2 times more rapid than those in anaerobic column. Gas production in anaerobic column was rapidly increased after 28 weeks, the characteristics consisted of H₂, CO₂, N₂, CH₄and the components of gas were 0.24%, 27.5%, 36.8% and 22.1%, respecctively. Gas production rate constant k(week-¹) calculated from equation(3) was 2.4xl0-⁴ and carbon conversion rate was 2.3%.

Linguistic Properties of Monologic Spoken and Written English Used by Korean EFL Learners

송종민 한국응용언어학회 2013 응용 언어학 Vol.29 No.3

Studies of spoken and written English of native or non-native English speakers have been undertaken. They have shown distinctive linguistic properties of each mode of English across different text types, genres, and other contextual variables. In a similar vein, a comparative analysis of spoken and written English of Korean EFL learners is carried out in this paper by using controlled language data. The data in this study is monologic rhetorical description in speech and writing, and its topics are controlled by the tasks given to the participants. The findings present that although text types and topics are the same, speech and writing of Korean EFL learners include distinctive characteristics of each mode of English. More specifically, their written English is more elaborated, expressive, and grammatically more complex than their spoken English, whereas their speech does not include any type of linguistic complexity. This demonstrates that Korean EFL learners are able to differentiate speech from writing in English to a certain extent however, they still need to expand their awareness of the differences between the two modes of English.

심장초음파

송종민 대한내과학회 2017 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2017 No.2

준호기성 매립에서 복토재료가 도시폐기물의 분해특성에 미치는 영향

송종민,박종웅 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2001 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.18 No.1

권력에의 욕망 : 그림자 좇기

송종민 한림대학교 아시아문화연구소 2001 동아시아비평 Vol.- No.6

교뇌외수초용해증에서 발현한 동결보행

송종민,권영남,나부석,송수진,신유용,이재홍,이도경,안태범 대한신경과학회 2016 대한신경과학회지 Vol.34 No.4

A 65-year-old female visited us due to gait disturbance. A neurological examination showed cognitive impairment, dystonia, myoclonus, bradykinesia, postural instability, and freezing of gait (FOG). She was diagnosed with extrapontine myelinolysis based on her history of hyponatremia and high signal intensities (HSIs) in both striata on T2-weighted images. Her neurological problems including FOG improved over 25 days. In a follow-up MRI 50 days after the onset, HSIs disappeared in the striata but new ones appeared in the pons. FOG may have been related to striatal dysfunction in this patient.

병원이외의 장소에서 심정지가 발생된 비외상성 심정지환자의 심폐소생술 결과

송종민,박영매,김상현,손경수,한규록,한기훈,김효수,김철호,손대원 대한순환기학회 1994 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.24 No.6

동종골 이식술시 고분자 히알루로란이 초기 골 유도 과정에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

송종민,민승기 원광대학교 치의학연구소 2003 圓光齒醫學 Vol.12 No.1

Hyaluronan(HA) is an essential component of extracellular matrices. Early in embryogenesis mesenchymal cells migrate, proliferate and differentiate, in part, because of the influence of hyaluronan. Since the features of embryogenesis are revisited during wound healing, including bone fracture repair, this study was initiated to evaluate whether hyaluronan has an effect on osteogenesis in early stage of wound healing. Grafting bone chip was applied on the two squared shaped bone defects on the total 60 rat calvarium about 7×7 mm size which were made with electric drill intentionally, the right side was grafted with allogeneic bone and the left side was autogenous bone grafting. In experimental groups, grafting materials were hydrated with 1.0 mg/ml concentration of hyaluronan solution before surgery for 30 minutes. The calvarial bone defects were covered with layer suture. In order to evaluate initial bone formation process, total experimental rats were sacrificed and evaluated under light microscope with routine H&E, and toluidine blue stain and found initial osteogenesis under electric microscope at postoperative 1 day, 4 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks. There were fixed grafted bone chip with fibrosis and not inflammed grafted site on autogenous and allogeneic bone grafting groups grossly, but more stabled bone chip particles in experimental HA group at 1 week. At 2 weeks, similar new bone formation was seen on both grafted sites. In postoperative 1 and 2 weeks, inflammatory changes in the wound sites were more prominent in bones to which hyaluronan had been applied. But, new bone formation had been induced by day 7 on both peri- and endosteal surfaces of the grafted areas. Newly formed trabecular bones were filled in grafted wound. Electromicroscopic findings of allogeneic bone grafting at 1 week showed small group of rER and mitochondria in control group, but relative abundant mitochondria and rER in cell and dense connection in experimental group. There was few difference between autogenic and allogeneic group. At 2 weeks, increased mitiochondria in cell and newly formed bone was incorporated into the grafted allogeneic bone in control group, but more prominent cellular activity in experimental allogeneic bone group. These results suggested that high-molecular hyaluronan is capable of accelerating new bone formation in initial bone formation process through mesenchymal cell differentiation in bone grafting.

장기적인 TSH 억제가 심혈관계에 미치는 영향

송종민 대한갑상선학회 2012 International Journal of Thyroidology Vol.5 No.1

Prolonged thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression caused by exogenous subclinical thyrotoxicosis has been reported to impose harmful effects on cardiovascular system. Those effects involve increase in heart rate and myocardial mass, impaired ventricular diastolic and systolic function, decreased exercise capacity,decreased arterial elasticity, development of atrial tachyarrhythmia, and increase in cardiovascular adverse events. Tailored dose adjustment of thyroid hormone under the guidance of TSH level for obviating oversuppression of TSH, and use of beta blockers can reduce cardiovascular adverse effects in patients who undergo thyroid hormone therapy.