일부 조선업 근로자의 직업성 요통 발생실태 및 위험요인에 관한 연구

고상백,김형식,최홍렬,김지희,송인혁,박준한,박종구,장세진,차봉석 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 이 연구에서는 한 사업장의 동일한 코호트내에서 직업성 요통의 발생 및 발생원인에 대해 조사하고자 하였다. 방법 : 연구대상은 1995년 12월 현재 한 조선업체에 종사하는 근로자 중에서 1995년 12월 31일 까지 요통이 이미 발생한 근로자와 1995년 당시 검진 미수검자를 제외한 9,784명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 요통 발생군은 1996년부터 1998년까지 3년간 추적 관찰하여 요통으로 4일 이상 통원 또는 입원치료를 받은 근로자로 하였다. 발생률은 요통발생 당시 연도를 기준으로 하여 해당 연도의 4일 이상 신규치료를 받은 중등도 이상의 요통근로자를 분자로 하였고, 해당년도 사업장의 종사하는 근로자 총수(과거 요통자 제외)를 분모로 간주하였다. 요통 발생군은 외상성 요통과 직업관련성 요통으로 대별하였으며, 위험요인과 질병 발생간의 관련성을 보기 위한 Cox모형에서 그 위험도를 파악하고자 할 때에는 직업성 요통만을 환자군으로 선정하였다. 결과 및 결론 . 요통 발생률은 근로자 천명당 1998년 3.1명, 1997년 8.8명, 1996년 7.8명이었다. 요통점유율의 범위는 10.99∼25.66이었다. 연령별 요통 발생률은 30대, 40대에서 높은 발생률을 보였다. 진단명에 따른 발생률은 추간판 탈출증, 염좌, 척추골절, 척추분리증, 척추협착증 순이었다 직업성 요통 발생자들의 직업적 요인을 알아보기 위하여 요통 발생 당시 작업형태를 알아본 결과, 물건을 들다가 66명(35.3%)이 발생하여 가장 큰 빈도를 차지하였고, 물건을 옮기는 과정에서 19명(10.2%)이 발생하여 2위를 차지하였고, 넘어지거나(8.6%), 물건을 당기는 자세(8.0%), 값자기 일어서다(7.5%) 순으로 요통이 발생하였다. 직업성 요통에 영향을 주는 일반적 특성 및 직업적 특성에 판한 상대위험도 및 95% 신뢰구간를 구한 결과, 요통발생에 영향을 주는 유의한 변수로는 체질량 지수(비만도), 교대여부, 중량물 취급여부였다. Objectives : This study was conducted to estimate the incidence rate, and to identify the risk factors for the occupational low back pain among shipyard workers. Methods : The study subjects consisted of 9,784 workers who were employed in a ship-building industry (excluded workers who had a history of low pack pain before 1995 or did not take periodic health examination in 1995) . The cases were 220 people who experienced back pain from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1998. To assess risk factors for occupational low back pain, Cox propotional hazard model was used. Results : During the recent three years from 1996 to 1998, the incidence rate per 1,000 persons was 7.8 in 1996, 8.8 in 1997, and 3.1 in 1998. The main causes of work-related low back pawn were sprain, strain and disc herniation. Lifting was the most common cause of back pain (35.3%) , and carrying (10.2%) and pulling (8.0%) were followed. In Cox proportional harzard model, independent risk factors for back pain were body mass index(R.R. ; 1.54, 95% C.1. : 1.06-2.25), shift work(R.R. ; 1.65, 95% C.1. : 1.19-2.28), and lifting heavy material(R. R., 3.95, 95% C.1. : 2.29-6.82). Conclusions . This study suggests that the risk factors of back pawn In shipyard work-ers were body mass index, shift work and lifting.

무기수은을 투여한 흰쥐에서의 신장독성에 대한 착화제 효과 및 병리조직학적 변화

고상백,홍순원,차봉석 大韓産業醫學會 1997 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.9 No.2

This study was to determine the effects of Sodium-N-[4-methoxybenzyl]-D-glucamine-N-dithiocarbamate (MeOBGDTC) on the nephrotoxicity of mercury and histopathological change in rats pretreated with mercuric chloride 48h earlier. In a first experiment, 3 groups were given a single injection i.p. of 3.5㎛ol/Kg of Hgcl₂ mixed with 1μCi of 203Hg²+ in a final volume of 0.5ml of physiologic saline. Subsequently the rats also received the chelator, 1mmol/Kg of MeOBGDTC, at 1h in group 2 (Hgcl₂-MeOBGDTC 1h) and 12h in group 3 (Hgcl₂-MeOBGDTC 12h) after injection of mercuric chloride. The results showed that the injection of chelating agent at 1h after mercury injection significantly decreased mercury level in plasma. But not significant in renal cortex. In a second experiment, rats were divided into 4 groups, one group was control group, others were mercury injected group. MeOBGDTC was also administered to mercury-injected, rats as described above. The changes in renal function were determined by measurement of proteinuria, plasma creatinine and urinary osmolality. The results showed that the injection of mercuric chroride incrased the excretion of urinary protein and plasma creatinine, and decreased the urinary osmolarity. However, the injection of chelating agent at 1h after mercury injection significantly decreased the toxic effects of mercury. Finally, histopathological change at the light microscopic level was comparable effect of chelating agent on nephrotoxicity of mercury. Minimal morphological alterations were seen in kindly of rats of Hgcl₂-MeOBGDTC 1h. The Hgcl₂-MeOBGDTC 12h caused necrotic change of the proximal tubule at cortical-medually junction. These changes were more common and more severe at the Hgcl₂alone.

조선업 도장작업자의 유사노출군과 노출변이; 크실렌 노출을 중심으로

고상백,노영만,임현우,신용철,김수근,최홍열,김재용,장성훈 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.4

목적 : 조선업 도장 작업자의 크실렌 노출을 평가하기 위하여, 수행직무 및 밀폐특성에 따라 유사노출군으로 구분하여 노출 변이 및 동질성을 파악하고자 하였다. 방법 : 3회 이상 반복측정이 이루어진 근로자 중동일공정에서 직무상 변동이 없는 근로자 총 28명을 대상으로 하였다. 노출농도 값을 대수전환(lOgtransformation)하여 근로자간, 근로자내 노출 분산요소을 추정하기 위하여, nested randomeffects ANOVA model을 활용하였다. 선정된 유사노출군 내 구성원의 측정 평균이 동일하다고 할수 있는지를 검정하기 위하여 분산요인(9f)을 산출하였고, 쿨즈0.031일 경우 동일하다고 생각하였다.또한 노출 값을 대수전환하여 95 %의 근로자(b-R9s)가 2배수 범위 내에 측정값을 가질 경우 동일하다고 생각하였다. bwRSS의 값을 유사노출군내의 근로자들간(between worker)의 기하표준편차(bwsy)를 구한 후 exp(3.92 bwsy)로 계산하여 산출하였고, 그 값이 2이하이면 동일하다고 생각하였다. 결과 : 일반적으로 유사노출군은 노출농도가 비슷한 것이라는 생각과는 달리, 직무에 근거한 유사노출군은 동질성 검정상 이질적이었다. 분무도장과 붓도장 모두 bwRss은 2를 초과하였고, 룰 또한 0.031를 초과하여 변이 폭이 컸다. 그러나 밀폐특성에 따른 노출 분포의 변이성은 직무만으로 구분했을 때의 변이지표 보다 그 수치가 낮아 밀폐특성으로 직무의 변이성을 설명 할 수 있었다. 결론 : 직무에 근거한 유사노출군이 동질적이지알다는 결과는 유사노출군으로 구분된 근로자의 업무특성이 하나의 유사노출군으로 설정할 수 없다는 점을 시사한다. 따라서 향후 작업환경 측정 시 직무뿐만 아니라 특정 업무(specific task) 또는 세부작업현황까지 파악할 필요성을 제시하고 있다. Objectives : This study was conducted to assess the concentration of xylene exposure and exposure variability of a similar exposure group (SEG) in accordance with job title and confined space. Method : The study subjects included 28 workers working in the painting process in the ship-building industry. Measurement of subjects were repeated three times. Within and between-worker exposure valiance components were estimated from log-transformed exposure concentrations employing a one-way nested random effects analysis of variance model. A uniformly exposed group was defined as one where the between-worker variance(σB2) was less than or equal to 0.031 or bwR95 ≤2, where bwR95 =exp(3.92 bwSy) , representing the radio of the mean exposures of the 97.5th and 2.5th percentile groups of the workers sampled. Result : The results indicated that, contrary to popular belief, similar exposed groups based on job title were heterogeneous. The between-worker variance(σB2) is large(≥0.031) and the ratios of the 97.5th and 2.5th percentile workers of the log normally distributed exposures of each group of worriers was more than 2. However dividing job title into confined space (in-block, out-block, in/out-block) decreased the between-worker exposure variability. Conclusion : This study focused on the quantitative aspects of exposure in painters in the ship-building industry. We cannot accept the assumption that SEG are uniformly exposed, as a major component of variation in exposure relates to differences in tacks or other factors. Therefore, the observational schemes can be improved by investigating Job-specific task and practice.

저온 저장 감귤에서의 MA포장의 효과

이상백,김은정,고영환,고정삼 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2001 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.12 No.2

The effects of MA packaging on the low temperature storage of satsuma mandarin, overwintering satsuma and Kiyomi tangor were investigated. Thickness of film, holes in film and incorporation of antimicrobial agent were considered as parameters for MA packaging. Chitosan was applied to surface of fruits to determine the effects of coation during MA storage. Thickness of film and holes in a bag did not affect decay ratios in three fruits. Decay ratio of satsuma mandarin packaged with LDPE film with 2-5% ceramic antimicrobial agent slightly decreased. Chitosan coating lowered decay ratio of fruit during MA storage. MA packaging with LDPE film was effective in lowering weight loss and preventing delamination of fruits. MA packaging did not affect qualities of fruit during storage.

하청 근로자들의 건강수준 평가

최홍열,고상백,장세진,차봉석,임형준,이상윤,김재용,강동묵,조수헌 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.1

목 적 : 하청노동을 이용한 노동 유연화 전략은 근로자들의 고용을 불안정시키고, 근로자들의 삶에 부정적 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 이 연구는 하청업체 근로자들의 고용현황을 조사하고, 기존의 업체중심의 건강평가의 문제점을 지적하고자 하였다. 또한 하청업체 근로자들의 건강평가의 현재적 의미와 사회적 배제의 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 모기업과 하청업체 근로자들의 건강수준을 비교하기 위하여, 정기건강진단(일반, 특수)과 채용건강진단 자료를 이용하고자 하였다. 건강진단에서 누락된 비정규직을 포괄하기 위하여 SF-36을 이용하여 건강설문조사를 시행하였다.결 과 : 조선업 하청업체 근로자들의 고용기간은 짧고, 빈번한 노동이동 현상을 보였다. 3년간 건강진단 수검 현황을 통해 살펴볼 때, 1998년 수검자중 2000년까지 연속해서 검진 받은 수검자는 40.3%였다. 건강진단 결과 유소견자 규모를 통해 모기업과 하청업체간의 건강수준을 비교해 보았다. 모기업은 일반질병 요관찰자와 질병자를 포함한 유소견자가 1,011명으로 약 10 %의 유소견율을 보이고 있고, 질병자의 경우 596명으로 유병률이 5 %를 상회하고 있다. 반면 하청업체의 경우 1,967명의 수검자중 유소견자가 115명으로 6 %의 유소견율을 보이고있고, 질병자는 82명으로 4 %의 유병률을 보이고있다 채용건강진단을 받은 수검자는 6,260명 이었으며, 이 중 유소견자 수는 2,373명으로 전체 수검자의 37.9 %를 차지하였다. 건강설문지의 경우는 전체 건강수준의 총합은 하청보다 원청 근로자가 높았고 통계적으로 유의하였다. 결 론' 정기건강검진 결과는 하청근로자들이 고용형태에 따라 검진을 받지 못한 경우가 많아, 건강 근로자 효과로 표현될 가능성이 있다. 따라서 채용건강진단 결과는 다른 측면에서 하청업체 근로자들의 건강수준의 현실적 반영이라고 할 수 있다. 향후 하청업체 근로자들의 건강문제를 감시하고 개선하려면 기존의 업체 중심의 접근으로는 하청 근로자의 건강문제를 제대로 다룰 수 없고, 업종과 지역을 동시에 고려하여 접근할 필요가 있다. 또한 단기 고용 근로자 및 비정규직 근로자를 사회보장의 확충과 모기업의 연대책임 강화 및 기업복지 차원에서 포괄하는 방안이 모색되어야 하겠다. Objectives : The strategy for the labor flexibility through subcontracted labor have brought a negative effect on the lives of the workers, such as the increase of the unstable employment. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the employment of subcontracted firms and the health status of them, and to find out some problems which have been caused in the process of health evaluation and the characteristics of social exclusion. Methods : We reviewed the periodical health examination and preemployment health examination in order to compare health status of the subcontracted workers with those of the parent firm workers. The SF-36 questionnaire was administered to assess the self-perceived health status. Results : The result shows that compared to the working duration of the parent firm workers, those of the subcontracted workers were shorter, and the job transfer rate was higher. In the periodical health examination, the prevalence of occupational and general disease was higher in the parent firm(10%) than in the subcontracted firms(6%). Preemployment health examination plays an important role in worker's health manage- ment. Among 6,260 workers who received preemployment health examination, the prevalence of disease was 37.9%. Mean scores of health status measured by SF-36 were lower in the subcontracted firm than in the parent firm. Conclusions : Due to social exclusion of the subcontracted workers from the periodical health examination, there is a possibility that the periodical health examination have the healthy worker effect. These results suggests that the preemployment health examination could be a more appropriate indicator which is able to assess the health status of the subcontracted workers than the periodical health examination.

피로와 의료이용, 업무상 사고 및 질병결근

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,정진주,이철갑,강명근,현숙정,조정진,차봉석,박종구 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: This study examined the relationship of fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project, 2002~2004). A total of 30,146 employees categorized within the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were recruited. A structured-questionnaire was used to assess the participants' sociodemo-graphics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, personality trait, self=perceived fatigue (MFS) and the frequency of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Data on medical utilization and occupational accident were confirmed from company health records. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to elucidate the relationship of self-perceived fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Results: In logistic regression analyses, self-perceived fatigue was associated with medical utilization (outpatient), occupational accident and sickness absence although the strength of the associations was higher in the blue collar workers except for medical utilization. For medical utilization, the white collar worker's adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the third quartile and the highest quartile, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were 1.50 (95% CI: 1.20-1.87) and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.69-2.75), respectively. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the second (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06-1.43), third (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.22-1.66) and highest quartile (OR:1.83, 95% CI: 1.55-2.17), respectively, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were statistically significant. However, no associations were found between fatigue and inpatient utilization for either the white or blue collar workers. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of being injured for workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.00-2.00), 1.57 (95% CI: 1.10-2.22) and 2.41 (95% CI: 1.69-3.44), respectively, compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile, but, those of the white collar workers were not significant. There was more likely to an increased risk of sickness absence in workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile in both white and blue collar workers, but the magnitudes of risk were higher in the blue collar workers than the white collars workers. Conclusion: This result suggests that fatigue is a determinant predictor of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence, and that the pattern of risks for the three outcomes differs according to the occupational type. Some limitations of this study and considerations for future study were also discussed.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

일부 남성 금속제품 조립작업자들의 피로에 영향을 미치는 작업관련요인

장준호,강동묵,고상백,김정원,조병만,이수일 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 남성 금속제품 조립 작업자들의 피로에 영향을 미치는 작업관련요인을 파악하고자 한다. 방법 : 작업자의 일반적 특성 및 작업관련 특성, 육체적 부하, 직무 스트레스 등을 조사 항목으로 하여 자동차 부품 조립업 1개소(476명), 자동차 엔진 조립업 1개소(610명), 대형 선박 엔진 조립업 1개소(454명)의 작업자(1,540명)를 대상으로 수거된 설문지 중 부실하게 응답한 38부를 제외한 1,136부(총연구대상의 73.8%)를 분석하였고, 피로도와의 연관성을 다중선형회귀분석으로 살펴보았다. 조사는 자기 기입식 설문지를 사용하였다. 육체적 부하를 측정하기 위해서는 Borg의 scale이 사용되었다. 격무 스트레스를 측정하기 위해서는 Karasek의 Job content questionnaire가 사용되었다. 피로의 측정은 전반적 피로도(sum of fatigue), 일상생활 기능장애(daily dysfunctioning), 상황적 피로(situational fatigue), 피로점수의 총합(sum of fatigue)으로 구성되어 있는 다면적 피로척도를 사용하였다. 피로점수의 분포는 본 연구에 응답한 피로점수의 총합을 사분위수로 나누어서 4등급으로 나누었다. 결과 : 피로점수의 분포는 피로점수의 총합을 사분위수로 나누었을 때, 0≤1등급≤73, 74≤2등급≤82, 83≤3등급≤93, 94≤4등급≤133이었다. 다중선형회귀분석에서 피로점수의 총합과 유의한 관계를 보인 경우는 주간근무, 긴 주당 노동시간, 높은 육체적 부하, 높은 직무요구도, 낮은 직무자율성, 낮은 상사의 지지 등이었고, 전반적 피로도와 유의한 관계를 보인 경우는 주간근무, 높은 육체적 부하, 높은 직무요구도, 낮은 직무자율성, 낮은 상사의 지지 등이었다. 일상생활 기능장애와 유의한 관계를 보인 경우는 주간근무, 긴 주당 노동시간, 높은 육체적 부하, 낮은 직무자율성 등이었다. 상황적 피로와 유의한 관계를 보인 경우는 높은 연령, 주간근무, 긴 주당 노동시간, 낮은 직무자율성 등이었다. 결론 : 피로관련 요인은 긴 주당노동시간, 높은 직무요구도, 높은 육체적 부하, 낮은 직무자율성, 낮은 상사의 지지로 생각된다. Objectives: To find work related factors affecting perceived fatigue among male metal product assemblers. Methods: The study subjects were metal product assemblers from three metal product companies (476 car parts assemblers, 610 car engine assemblers, 454 ship engine assemblers). From the total of 1,540 subjects, 1,136 (73.8%) were included and 38 respondents with insufficient replies were excluded. Associations between fatigue score and other variables (general characteristics, job related factors, workload, job stresses) were investigated in terms of the concept of multidimensional fatigue construct by self administered questionnaire. Using MFS (Multidimensional Fatigue Scale), JCQ (Job Content Questionnaire), and Borg's scale, we estimated the fatigue, job stress, and workload, respectively. Fatigue score was estimated by 'sum of fatigue' in MFS. Associations were tested by linear regression analysis using SAS v.8.0. Results: In this study, the fatigue related factors were older age, longer working hours per week, higher workload, higher job demand, lower decision latitude, and lower supervisor support. Conclusions: Prolonged working hours, higher workload, higher job demand, poor supervisor support and lower decision latitude were fatigue related factors among the male metal product assemblers of this study.

사무직 근로자들의 직무 스트레스와 피로

차경태,김일희,고상백,현숙정,박준호,박종구,차봉석,장세진 大韓産業醫學會 2008 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.20 No.3

목적: 이 연구는 전국 규모의 조사 연구에서 수집된 자료 중 사무직 근로자들을 대상으로,사회인구학적 특성,직업 특성,건강행태,직무 스트레스와 피로수준 간의 관련성을 분석하는 데 있다. 방법:‘한국인 직무스트레스 측정도구의 표준화 전국 조사연구National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002∼2004)’를 위해 2002년 5월 1일부터 2003년 5윌 30일 까지 수행되었으며,전국의 사업장에 근무하는 근로자 30,146명(남자: 84%,여자: 16%) 중 사무직 근로자 4,457명(남자: 68.9%,여자 31.1%)을 연구 대상으로 하였다. 자료수집방법은 사업장을 방문하여 보건 및 안전관리자 등에게 연구의 취지를 알린 후 설문조사에 대한 협조를 구하고 응답자 직접 기입법을 이용 하였으며,사회인구학적 특성,직업적 특성,건강관련 요인,KOSS-SF를 이용한 7개의 직무 스트레스 요인,그리고 MFS를 이용하여 피로 수준에 영향을 주는 요인에 대해 분석하였다. 결과: 일반적 특성,작업관련 특성,건강행태관련 특성 및 직무 스트레스 요인이 근로자들의 피로와 강한 관련성이 있음이 입증되었으며,특히 직무 스트레스의 하부 요인 중에서도 피로와 관련성을 보이는 요인이 남녀별로 다소 상이 하게 관련된다는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 남자의 경우는 직무 스트레스의 하부 영역 중 직무 요구도,직무 불안정성,보상부적절 등이 영향력이 높은 주요 직무 스트레스 요인이었던 반면,여자는 직무 요구도,보상부적절,직장문화가 주요한 직무 스트레스 요인이었다. 결론: 직장인 피로가 갖는 보건학적 의학적 경제학적 중요성을 감안할 때,조직의 생산성 향상과 근로자 개개인의 삶의 질 향상 및 건강증진을 위해선 직무 스트레스 관리 프로그램이 절실히 요청된다고 볼 수 있다. Background & Objectives: A growing body of research has documented that occupational stress is closely associated with increased risk of fatigue. This study was conducted in an effort to assess the relationship of occupational stress to self-perceived fatigue among Korean white collar employees. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project, 2002-2004). Among them, a total of 4,502 white collar employees were recruited. A structured questionnaire was employed to evaluate the participants' sociodemographics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, occupational stress, and self-perceived fatigue. Occupational stress and self-perceived fatigue were assessed using the Korean Occupational Stress ScaleShort form (KOSS-SF) and the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS), respectively. Results: In logistic regression analyses, occupational stress was associated with an increased risk of fatigue, and some domains of occupational stress had different effects on fatigue by gender (job demand, job insecurity, and lack of reward for men, job demand, lack of reward, and discomfort in occupational climate for women), which indicates that occupational stress may perform a slightly different role in increasing the risk of fatigue by gender. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that occupational stress is a determinant predictor of self-perceived fatigue. Thus, a stress management program for the reduction of occupational stress, and the promotion of white collar worker's health and quality of life is strongly recommended. Some limitations of this study and considerations for future studies were also discussed.

일부 생산직 근로자의 소음과 사회심리적 요인이 혈압에 미치는 영향

박종구,강명근,차봉석,고상열,장세진,고상백 大韓産業醫學會 1997 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.9 No.2

This study was conducted to assess the effects of noise exposure and psychosocial factor on blood pressure in manufacturing workers. The study subjects are 414 workers(243 males, 171 females) employed at the noisy department. The mean age of low exposed group(<85dB) was 34.65±9.53 years, and that of high exposed group(≥85dB) was 36.37±11.15 years. The difference in mean age was not significant. The mean and distribution of working duration, smoking status, drinking status were not significantly different between two groups. The mean systolic blood pressure of the low exposed group was 120.01±12.06 mmHg, and that of high exposed group was 126.27±13.84mmHg. The mean diastolic blood pressure of the low exposed and the high exposed group were 77.18±10.83 mmHg, and 83.46±11.22mmHg respectively. These differences of blood pressure were statistically significant(p<0.05). The workers in noisy department have significantly less work environmental satisfaction, higher job demand, and higher social support. The mean values of psychosocial distress were higher in the workers of the noisy department, but the difference was not statistically significant. This study was to speculate whether the work environmental satisfaction and social support modify the association between the noise exposure level and the blood pressure. The result showed that work environmental satisfaction could not modify the association between the blood pressure and the noise exposure. Social support at work did not modify the association. Furthermore, we evaluated the high job strain from a combination of ratio of the high job strain group for hypertension in diastolic blood pressure were statistically significant, but not in systolic blood pressure. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to determine whither the independent variables contributed to explaining the blood pressure. After controlling for possible confounders, we found that the noise exposure level was a correlated of the diastolic blood pressure. But no association between the noise exposure level and the systolic blood pressure. No significant result was found for psychosocial factor.