간내 담석과 동반된 간내 담도암에서의 p53과 Ki-ras의 발현

김명환,이성구,서동완,이승규,남승우,박능화,민영일,김연석,심기남,공경엽 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Background/Aims: Hepatolithiasis or primary intrahepatic stones may be accompanied later by intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This cancerous lesion is frequently associated with atypical hyperplastic epithelium that was suspected of being precancerous. To investigate the Ki-ras or p53 mutation may play a role in carcinogenesis, and to determine whether atypical hyperplastic epithelium may be precancerous, this study was performed in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Methods: We examined 12 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Ki-ras point mutations were assessed by direct DNA sequencing. Expressions of p53 protein were immunohistochemically assessed. The overexpression of p53 and point mutation of Ki-ras were examined in normal, hyperplastic, atypical hyperplastic, and can- cerous tissues separately. Results: The expressions of p53 protein were detected in 4 (33%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas and Ki-ras point mutations at codon 12 were found in 2 (17%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas. In those two carcinoma cases which contained the mutant sequence of Ki-ras, the same point mutation from wild type GGT (glycine) to GAT (aspartic acid) was. found in the associated atypical hyperplastic epithelium. However, none of the normal and hyperplastic epithelium harbored Ki-ras or p53 mutations. Conclusions: The overexpression of p53 may play a part in the carcinogenesis of some intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis, whereas the role of Ki-ras mutations in those cases is dubious. However, Ki-ras point mutation at codon 12 may be responsible for either cancer or atypical hyperplastic epithelium associated with hepatolithiasis in certain cases, suggesting atypical hyperplastic epithelium may give rise to carcinoma.

Vitis vinifera 적포도의 알콜발효중 화학성분의 변화

심기환,최상도,이용수,최진상 慶尙大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.31 No.2

Vitis vinifera 적포도의 발효중 총당, 알콜, 총산, pH, 유기산, 유리아미노산 및 총질소 함량등을 HPLC 등의 기기를 이용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 발효중 총산은 초기에 약간의 증가를 보이다가 발효가 활발하게 진행되어 알콜의 농도가 증가하여 발효 후 품종에 따라 Cabernet sauvignon 15.6%, Cabernet franc 18.5% 및 Malbec 28.3% 감소하였다. 발효중 pH는 5일까지 감소현상을 보이다가 발효 후반기에 증가하여 발효완료 후 초기의 pH보다 높게 나타났다. Malic acid와 tartaric acid는 알콜의 농도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였으며, lactic acid는 발효초기에 측정되지 않았으나 발효가 진행됨에 따라 생성되어 succinic acid와 함께 발효시간의 경과에 함량변화가 없었다. 또한 유리아미노산은 발효초기에 급격한 감소를 보여 발효진행 5일 후의 농도가 Cabernet sauvignon 57.5%, cabernet franc 59.0% 및 Malvec 48.8%까지 감소하였으나, proline, glycine 및 serine은 발효중 변화가 적었으며, 알콜발효가 끝나는 시점부터 증가하였다. 총질소의 함량은 발효초기에 급격히 감소하였고, 알콜생성이 완료되고 2∼3일 경과 후 증가하는 현상을 보였으며, 발효최성기에는 초기농도의 약 13.5∼17.6%만이 발효액중에 남아있었고, 발효가 끝난 후에는 초기농도의 31∼38%정도였다. In order to investigate the changes of some chemical components during the alcoholic fermentation of Vitis vinifera red grapes, total sugar, alcohol, total acid, pH, organic acid, free amino acids and total nitrogen contents were analyzed with HPLC etc., the results are as follows. Total acid during the fermentation which increased slightly at the early time of fermentation decreased in Cabernet sauvignon 15.6% Cabernet franc 18.5% and Malbec 28.3% according to increasing the concentration of alcohol when fermentation was actively progress. PH during the fermentation showed decreasing phenomenon was actively progress. pH during the fermentation showed decreasing phenomenon until 5 days but showed higher at finished time of fermentation than initial time. Malic acid and tar-taric acid were decreased in proportion to increase of alcohol concentration, and lactic acid was not detected at the early time of fermentaation but the progress time of fermentation did not change the content with succinic acid. Free amino acids were rapidly decreased at the early time of fermentation when the concentration was decrased in Cabernet sauv-ignon 33.3%, Cabernet franc 55.5% and Malbec 54.2% at that time after 5 days, but the change was little in proline, glycine and serine during fermentation, and increased slightly until the finished time of fermentation. The content of total nitrogen was decreased rap-idly at the early time of fermentation of alcohol, and the concentration of total nitrogen in the height of prosperity of fermentation was exst only about 13.5∼17,6% in the liquid of fermentation than that of initial concentration, and was about 31∼38% of initial concent-ration after finished fermentation.

건설현장 근로자들의 안저예방실태와 사고예방과의 개선요인 조사연구

심규범,남철현,최상복,이송권,이정희,이순자,문기내,김문환 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 2003 保健福祉硏究 Vol.8 No.-

This study was conducted to examine aspects of health and safety education and demand level of safety education in construction job sites in order to provide direction of safety education development. The subjects of this study were 566 workers who were working in construction job sites located in Daegu City and Kyungbuk Province. Data were collected from June 1, 2002 to August 30, 2002. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. According to safety education by experience methods, the proportion of education by lecture was highest (90.6%). The proportion of education by field practice was 13.1%. 2. Among the education methods which they thought as the most desirable method, the proportion of audio-visual education was 39.4% and the proportion of education by experience was 37.5%. Those who had more monthly income and higher education level preferred audio-visual education, while those who were younger and less educated preferred education by experience. 3. In the case of the contents of the safety education which they thought as the most important one, the proportion of enhancement of safety awareness and education of risk factors was highest (24.7%). The groups of older workers, having longer working period, and belonging to higher education level preferred these contents. 4. According to the factors which were most important to increase effectiveness of the safety education were workers' voluntary participation (27.7%), 40 to 49 years old (27.7%), and monthly income of one million, five hundred thousand won to one million, nine hundred ninety thousand won (32.0%). The proportions of lower educated workers and working as daily workers were also high. 5. The variable which most influenced the safety education was age. The safety awareness of construction job sites was the second highest influential variable. From above results, it is clear that the workers' participation in the safety education was low since most of the safety educations were formal education by lecture. Although they participated in the education, the education was also not effective because they compulsorily participated in it. Therefore, it can be concluded that effective alternative policies must be formulated.

대사성 산증을 동반한 알코올성 간질환 환자의 단기 예후

배기선,유권,조유경,심기남,정성애,문일환 대한간학회 2004 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.10 No.2

목적: 알코올성 간질환에서의 대사성 산증은 지속적인 과량의 알코올 섭취로 인한 당 신생 합성의 억제와 BOHB/AcAc 비율의 증가, 단기간의 금식으로 인한 저혈당, 인슐린 분비 저하, 유리 지방산과 케톤체 형성의 증가, 구토와 수분 섭취 부족에 의한 심한 탈수에 의해 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 알코올성 케톤산증과 감별할 질환으로는 당뇨병성 케톤산증, 젖산증, 살리실레이트, 메탄올, 에틸렌글리콜 중독 등이 있다. 본 연구는 대사성 산증을 동반한 알코올성 간질환으로 내원하여 입원한 환자들을 대상으로 생존군과 사망군에서 임상적 양상 및 검사 소견들의 차이를 비교하여 단기 예후와 연관 있는 인자들을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 만성 알코올 남용자이면서 대사성 산증을 동반하여 입원한 알코올성 간질환 환자 29명을 생존군(18명)과 사망군(11명)으로 나누어 임상 소견과 검사실 소견을 비교하였다. 결과: 1) 대상 환자군은 연령은 36-65세였으며, 성별은 남자가 26명이었고 여자가 3명이었다. 2) 임상 증상은 의식저하, 복통, 구토, 호흡 곤란, 토혈, 흉통 등 다양하게 나타났으며, 신체검사 소견은 탈수, 황달, 빈혈, 간비대, 복수, 부종 등이었고 두 집단을 비교했을 때 사망군에서 복수가 유의하게 더 많은 빈도로 관찰되었다. 일일 평균 음주량은 사망군에서 유의하게 더 많았고(198 vs. 123, P=0.034) 음주 기간과 총 음주량은 두 군 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4) 내원시 혈액검사 소견을 비교하였을 때 사망군에서 동맥혈 산염기 차이가 유의하게 낮았고 헤모글로빈, 혈소판도 유의하게 낮았다. 사망군에서 총 비리루빈, 크레아티닌, 무기인, 암모니아가 유의하게 높았고 알부민, 클로라이드가 유의하게 낮았다. 사망군에서 프로트롬빈 시간이 유의하게 연장되었으며 섬유소원은 유의하게 낮았고 D dimer는 유의하게 높았다. 결론: 대사성 산증을 동반한 알코올성 간질환 환자에서 일일 알코올 섭취량을 파악하고 복수의 유무, 동맥혈 산염기 차이, 헤모글로빈, 혈소판, 총 빌리루빈, 알부민, 크레아티닌, 무기인, 클로라이드, 암모니아, 프로트롬빈 시간, 섬유소원, D dimer 등을 검사하는 것이 단기 예후를 예측하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. 향후 많은 환자들을 대상으로 하여 예후 관련 인자들에 대한 전향적이고 체계적인 연구가 요망된다. Background/Aims: Alcoholic liver disease with metabolic acidosis may have possible causes such as alcoholic ketoacidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis. Salicylate, methanol, and ethylene glycol intoxication should also be considered. The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term prognostic factors in patients with alcoholic liver disease with metabolic acidosis. Methods: Clinical data related to twenty-nine patients with alcoholic liver disease and metabolic acidosis was analysed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups according to the outcome (survival or death). Past medical history, and physical, laboratory and radiologic data at admission were compared. Results: The amount of daily alcohol intake differed significantly between the two groups (P=0.034), but duration and total amount of alcohol intake did not differ significantly between the two groups (P=0.128; P=0.360). The presence of ascites differed significantly between two the groups (P=0.019). On laboratory testing, the following differed significantly: base excess (P=0.038), hemoglobin (P=0.019), platelet (P=0.040), total bilirubin (P=0.007), albumin (P=0.012), creatinine (P=0.014), phosphorus (P=0.021), chloride (P=0.010), ammonia (P=0.003), prothrombin time (P=0.033), fibrinogen (P=0.011) and D-dimer (P=0.024). Review of the medical history of the patients showed diabetes (10/29), cirrhosis (10/29), and hepatocellular carcinoma (1/29). Combined conditions at admission were sepsis (8/29), pneumonia (7/29), acute renal failure (6/29), rhabdomyolysis (5/29), gastrointestinal hemorrhage (4/29), acute pancreatitis (3/29), acute respiratory distress syndrome (2/29), and acute myocardial infarction (1/29). Conclusions: The amount of daily alcohol intake, base excess, hemoglobin, platelet, total bilirubin, albumin, creatinine, phosphorus, chloride, ammonia, prothrombin time, fibrinogen and D-dimer seemed to be useful parameters in predicting short-term prognosis of patients with alcoholic liver disease with metabolic acidosis. Further study is needed to define the significance of these factors. (Korean J Hepatol 2004;10:117-124)

적색 및 녹색 풋고추의 화학성분

정창호,심기환 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2001 농업생명과학연구 Vol.35 No.-

품종에 따른 전통 향신료로서 이용가치를 결정하고 한국인의 식습관에 맞는 고추의 품질을 개선하기 위하여 적색 및 녹색 풋고추의 화학성분을 비교, 분석한 결과 일반성분은 적색 풋고추와 녹색 풋고추에서 총당이 각각 6.87%와 4.63%로 나타났으며, 무기성분은 K 및 P이 적색 풋고추와 녹색 풋고추에서 370.12 ㎎%, 162.28 ㎎% 및 44.36 ㎎%, 38.80 ㎎%로 각각 높게 나타났고, 비타민 C는 적색 풋고추에서는 169.77 ㎎%, 녹색 풋고추에서는 72.45 ㎎%로 각각 나타났다. 유리당 함량은 적색 풋고추와 녹색 풋고추에서 fructose(1,852.0 ㎎%, 216.4 ㎎%)와 galactose(1,443.7 ㎎%, 292.2 ㎎%)가 높게 나타났으며, 유기산의 경우 적색 풋고추에서는 citric acid가 672.40 ㎎%, 녹색 풋고추에서는 succinic acid가 311.49 ㎎%로 높게 나타났다. 지방산 조성은 적색 풋고추와 녹색 풋고추에서 linoleic acid가 각각 32.89%와 36.20%로 높게 나타났으며, 아미노산 함량은 적색 풋고추에서는 aspartic acid가 237.4 ㎎%로 높게 나타났고, 녹색 풋고추에서는 glutamic acid가 237.2 ㎎%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 색도는 녹색 풋고추는 적색 풋고추에 비해 L값은 높았으나 a, b값은 낮게 나타났다. To study the availability of the Capsicum annuum. L as traditional herbs and in order to improve quality, the properties of chemical components were investigated. Among general components of unripe red and green pepper, total sugars portions from unripe red and green pepper took 6.87% and 4.63%, respectively. The mineral component contents of the unripe red and green pepper were K(370.12 ㎎%, 162.28 ㎎%) and P44.36 ㎎%, 38.80 ㎎%), respectively. The contents of vitamin C was 169.77 ㎎% for unripe red pepper and 72.45 ㎎% for unripe green pepper and that of free sugar was 1,852.0 ㎎% of fructose for unripe red pepper and 292.2 ㎎% of galactose for unripe green pepper and that of organic acid was 672.40 ㎎% of citric acid for unripe red pepper and 311.49 ㎎% of succinic acid for unripe green pepper. The highest fatty acids in unripe red and green pepper was linoleic acid and its composition was 32.89% and 36.20%, respectively. The highest component of total amino acids in unripe red and green pepper was aspartic acid(237.4 ㎎%) and glutamic acid(237.0 ㎎%), respectively. Unripe red pepper showed higher Hunter parameter a and b value and lower L value than unripe green pepper.

섬유질 가수분해물로부터 효율적인 Ethanol 생산균주의 분리

고학룡,문종상,심기환,성낙계 한국산업미생물학회 1991 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.19 No.4

섬유성 가수분해물로부터 효율적으로 ethanol을 생산하는 세 가지 균주를 밀기울 당화액에서의 집적 배양에 의해 토양에서 분리하였다. 효모인 KM-09와 KM-402 및 세균인 HG-225의 생리학적 및 생화학적 특성은 각각 Candida sp. 및 Klebsiella sp.과 거의 유사하였다. KM-09와 HG-225 균주는 발효당으로 xylose와 cellobiose를 이용하였고 HG-225는 발효시 넓은 당 이용성을 가졌다. KM-09, KM-402 및 HG-225의 최적 생육 pH 및 온도는 각각 5.8, 5.6 및 6.8 그리고 32℃, 30℃ 및 38℃였다. 분리균에 의한 밀기울 당화액에서 ethanol 발효 동안 최대 ethanol 생산온도는 최적생육온도보다 다소 높았으며, 0.2% MgSO_4의 첨가는 ethanol 생산성을 향상시켰다. 세 가지 균주 중 KM-09의 ethanol 함량이 약 2.3%(v/v)로서 가장 높았고 HG-225의 ethanol 생산속도가 가장 빨랐으며 이때 최대 생산성은 배양 4일 후였다. KM-09와 HG-225는 4%(w/v) xylose로부터 각각 1.42 및 1.05%(v/v)의 ethanol을 생산하였으나 균 증식속도는 glucose에 비해 매우 느린 것으로 나타났다. 한편, KM-402는 glucose에서는 가장 ethanol 생산성이 좋았으나 xylose 및 cellobiose에서는 생산하지 못하였다. There strains able to efficiently produce ethanol from cellulosic hydrolysates were isolated from soil samples by enrichment culture in liquid saccharified wheat bran medium. The profiles of physiological and biochemical properties of two yeasts KM-09 and KM-402 and a bacterium Hg-225 were almost identical from those of Candida sp. and Klebsiella sp., respectively. Strains KM-09 and HG-225 used xylose and cellobiose as fermentable sugars, and HG-225 had a wide range of sugar utilization for ethanol fermentation. The optimal pH and temperature for growth of KM-09, KM-402 and HG-225 were 5.8, 5.6 and 6.8 and 32℃, 30℃ and 38℃, respectively. During the ethanol fermentation in saccharified wheat bran by the isolated strains, optimal temperature for ethanol production was more or less higher than those for growth, and addition of 0.2%(w/v) MgSO_4 into the medium enhanced ethanol productivity. Of the three strains ethanol content of KM-09 was the highest with about 2.3%(v/v), and ethanol production rate of HG-225 was faster than the others and maximum productivity was after 4 days. KM-09 (1.42%, v/v) and HG-225 (1.05%, v/v) produced ethanol from 4%(w/v) xylose but growth rate was slower than on glucose. Otherwise KM-402 showed the highest ethanol productivity on glucose, but no ethanol was detected on xylose and cellobiose.

Allyl Isothiocyanate가 미생물의 생육에 미치는 영향

서권일,강갑석,심기환 東國專門大學 1996 金龜論叢 Vol.3 No.1

십자화과 채소에 존재하는 AIT의 항균성 및 식품보존제로의 이용가능성을 조사하기 위하여 AIT가 미생물의 증식에 미치는 영향 및 AIT처리 미생물의 형태변화를 현미경으로 관찰한 결과는 다음과 갈다. 미생물이 첨가된 배지에 AIT를 200ppm의 농도로 첨가한 후 24시간 경과시는 시험균주 모두에서 미생물의 성장저해를 50%이상 나타내었으며, 800ppm의 농도에서 Lactobacillus brevis는 36시간, 나머지 시험균주들은 48시간까지 균의 성장이 완전 억제되었다. 각종 시험균주에 대한 MIC는 E. coli와 Vibrio parahaemolyticus가 220ppm, Lactobacillus brevis와 Saccharomyces cerevisiae가 400ppm이었으며, Aspergillus oryzae는 800ppm이었다. AIT로 처리한 E. coli균주를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과 균체표면이 수축되고 표층구조가 허물어져 심한 형태학적 변화를 나타내었다.

홍삼으로부터 분리한 수용성 갈변물질의 구조 특성

이종원,고학룡,심기환 한국식품영양학회 1998 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.11 No.5

홍삼에서 수용성 갈변물질을 분리하여 부분적 구조분석을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. L, S-1 및 S-2의 UV spectrum은 280nm에서 최대 흡수를 나타내었으며, IR spectrum에서는 hydroxyl, amide 및 지방족 CH 등이 확인되었다. 당분석의 경우 L과 S-1에서 glucose와 xyloserk가 확인되었으며, S-2에서 fructose가 추가적으로 확인되었다. 아미노산 분석에서 갈변물질 L에서 13종의 아미노산, S-1에서는 10종의 아미노산 그리고 S-2에서는 7종의 아미노산이 확인 되었다. ^1H 및 ^13C-NMR spectrum에서는 sugar moiety, carbonyl 및 탄소이중결합(S-2)이 확인되었고, L, S-1 및 S-2는 각각 8∼10, 9∼11 그리고 4∼5개의 당을 함유하고 있는 것으로 추정되었다. 원소조성을 nitrogen, carbon 및 hydrogen 분석 결과 L>S-1>S-2순으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the strutural characteristics of water soluble browning reaction products (WS-BRPs) isolated from Koeran red ginseng. They all showed the maximum absorbances at near 280 nm. Their IR spectra suggested the presence of hydroxyl, amide carbonyl and aliphatic methine groups. From sugar analysis it was identified that L and S-1 contained two kinds of sugar, glucose and xylose, S-2, a fructose together with glucose and xylose. Thirteen different amino acids were identified in L. Ten amino acids from S-1 and seven amino acids from S-2 were identified using Auto Amino Acid Analyzer. Glycine, serine and glutamic acid in S-1 and one unknown amino acid and glycine in S-2 were detected as the major amino acids, respectively. From the ^1H- and ^13C-NMR spectra, it was identified that a number of sugar moieties, carbonyl and carbon double bonds (only in S-2) were contained in the three WS-BRP components. Approximate number of sugar moiety of L, S-1 and S-2 was determined to be 8∼10, 9∼11 and 4∼5, respectively. Contents of nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen showed L>S-1>S-2.

초등학교 태권도 수련생의 운동몰입이 참여만족도 및 운동지속에 미치는 영향

김원회,김기환,심상신 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2011 교과교육학연구 Vol.15 No.4

이 연구는 초등학교 태권도 수련생의 운동몰입이 참여만족도 및 운동지속에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 그 목적이 있으며, 연구 대상은 2010년도 서울시 태권도협회에 등록된 체육관에서 수련 활동을 하고 있는 초등학생을 모집단으로 하였고, 편의표본추출법을 이용하여 총355명의 자료를 실제 분석에 사용하였다. 자료처리는 중다회귀분석을 사용하였고, 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 운동몰입과 참여만족도의 경우 교육적만족에서는 통제감각, 무아경요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있으며, 환경적 만족에서는 통제감각, 명확한 목표, 무아경, 자기목적체험요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 사회적 만족에서는 명확한 목표, 무아경요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있으며, 휴식적 만족에서는 명확한 목표, 시간감각의 변형, 무아경요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 심리적 만족에서는 명확한 목표, 무아경, 시간감각의 변형요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있으며, 생리적 만족에서는 명확한 목표, 통제감각, 무아경요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 운동몰입과 운동지속의 경우 경향성요인에서는 무아경, 시간 감각의 변형요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있으며, 가능성요인에서는 무아경, 시간감각의 변형, 명확한 목표, 통제감각요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 강화성요인에서는 무아경, 시간감각의 변형요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 참여만족도와 운동지속의 경우, 경향성요인에서는 환경적 만족, 사회적 만족, 심리적 만족요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있으며, 가능성요인에 있어서는 환경적 만족, 심리적 만족, 사회적 만족요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 강화성요인에 있어서는 환경적 만족, 심리적 만족, 사회적 만족, 생리적 만족요인에서 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the exercise flow of elementary school Taekwondo trainees on participant satisfaction and sports continuance. With regard to study participants, 400 people, 50 people from each 8 gymnasiums located in Seoul in 2010 were selected as a population. Questionnaires using convenience sampling methods were used as a research tool; a total of 355 data items were applied to a practical analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to process the data, using SPSS WIN 17.0. The results of the analysis are given below. First, as a result of examining the effects of exercise flow on participant satisfaction, with regard to the effects of exercise flow on educational satisfaction, positive effects were observed in the factors of control sense and the state of complete absence of ego. With regard to environmental satisfaction, positive effects were observed in the factors of control sense, precise goals, the state of complete absence of ego, and self-aim experience. With regard to social satisfaction, positive effects were observed in the factors of precise goals and the state of complete absence of ego. With regard to resting satisfaction, positive influences were observed in the factors of precise goals, the variation of time sense, the state of complete absence of ego, and self-aim experience. With regard to psychological satisfaction, positive influences were observed in the factors of precise goals, the state of complete absence of ego, and the variation of time sense. With regard to physiological satisfaction, positive effects were observed in the factors of precise goals, control sense, the state of complete absence of ego, and self-aim experience. Second, as a result of examining the effects of exercise flow on sports continuance, with regard to the effects of exercise flow on the factors of tendency, positive effects were observed in the factors of the state of complete absence of ego and the variation of time sense. With regard to the factors of possibility, positive effects were observed in the factors of the state of complete absence of ego, the variation of time sense, precise goals, and control sense. With regard to the factor of consolidation, positive effects were observed in the factors of the state of complete absence of ego and the variation of time sense. Third, based on the results of examining the influences of participant satisfaction on sports continuance, with regard to the effects of participant satisfaction on the factors of tendency, positive influences were observed in the factors of environmental satisfaction, social satisfaction, and psychological satisfaction. With regard to the factors of possibility, positive influences were observed in the factors of environmental satisfaction, psychological satisfaction, and social satisfaction. With regard to the factor of consolidation, positive influences were observed in the factors of environmental satisfaction, psychological satisfaction, social satisfaction, and physiological satisfaction.

환삼덩굴 잎과 줄기의 화학성분

허재연,정창호,심기환 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2003 농업생명과학연구 Vol.37 No.1

기능성 식품재료로서 환삼덩굴의 줄기와 잎의 이용성을 향상시킬 목적으로 암, 수로 구분하여 화학성분을 분석하였다. 일반성분 중 가용성 무질소물과 조단백질 함량은 잎에서 높게 나타났으며, 수분과 조섬유는 줄기에서 높게 나타났고, 줄기와 잎의 주요 무기성분은 K, Ca, P 및 Mg으로 나타났다. 유리당을 분석한 결과 숫잎과 암잎에서 fructose는 각각 0.16%와 0.10%로 나타났으며, 숫줄기와 암줄기에서 sucrose는 각각 0.37%와 0.24%로 나타났다. 비휘발성 유기산을 분석한 결과 acetic acid가 잎(4.99 mg%와 3.07 mg%)과 줄기 (3.18 mg%와 2.25 mg%)에서 가장 많이 함유되어 있었으며, lactic acid, succinic acid 및 formic acid 순으로 함유되어 있었다. 잎과 줄기의 아미노산 조성은 각각 다르게 나타났지만 잎과 줄기의 주된 아미노산은 aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoleucine 및 lysine으로 나타났다. 잎과 줄기의 주요 지방산은 linoleic acid와 palmitic acid 였다. To study the potential of the Humulus japonicus leaves and stalks as materials for functional food, chemical components of the male and female plants were analyzed. Among general components of leaves and stalks, contents of nitrogen free extract and crude protein were higher in leaves than in stalks, whole contents of moisture and crude fiber were higher in stalks than in leaves. The major minerals contained were K, Ca, P and Mg. Among free sugars, frutose(0.16% and 0.10%) and sucrose(0.37% and 0.24%) were the highest in leaves and stalks of male and female plants, respectively. Of non-volatile organic acids assayed acetic acid was the most abundant in both leaves(4.99 mg% and 3.07 mg%) and stalks(3.18 mg% and 2.25 mg%), followed by lactic acid, succinic acid and formic acid. The amino acid compositions of leaves and stalks were different each other and aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoleucine and lysine were the major amino acids in both leaves and stalks. Major fatty acid in leaves and stalk were linoleic acid and palmitic acid.