Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. lactis R4 Prevents Salmonella typhimurium SL1344-Induced Damage to Tight Junctions and Adherens Junctions

Qinghua Yu,Liqi Zhu,Zhisheng Wang,Pengcheng Li,Qian Yang 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.4

Cell junctions are the gatekeepers of the paracellular route and defend the mucosal barrier. Several enteropathogenic bacteria can invade intestinal epithelial cells by targeting and damaging cell junctions. It is not well understood how Salmonella typhimurium is able to overcome the intestinal barrier and gain access to the circulation, nor is it understood how Lactobacillus prevents the invasion of S. typhimurium. Therefore, we sought to determine whether infection with S. typhimurium SL1344 could regulate the molecular composition of cell junctions and whether Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. lactis R4 could affect this modification. Our data demonstrated that infection of Caco-2 cells with S. typhimurium over 2 h resulted in a redistribution of claudin-1, ZO-1, occluding,and E-cadherin. Western blot analysis of epithelial cell lysates demonstrated that S. typhimurium could decrease the expression of cell junction proteins. However, L. delbrueckii ssp. lactis R4 ameliorated this destruction and induced increased expression of ZO-1, occludin, and E-cadherin relative to the levels in the control group. The results of these experiments implied that S. typhimurium may facilitate its uptake and distribution within the host by regulating the molecular composition of cell junctions. Furthermore,Lactobacillus may prevent the adhesion and invasion of pathogenic bacteria by maintaining cell junctions and the mucosal barrier.

Resonance analysis of cantilever porous graphene platelet reinforced pipe under external load

Qinghua Huang,Xinping Yu,Jun Lv,Jilie Zhou,Marischa Ray Elvenia 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.45 No.3

Nowadays, there is a high demand for great structural implementation and multifunctionality with excellent mechanical properties. The porous structures reinforced by graphene platelets (GPLs) having valuable properties, such as heat resistance, lightweight, and excellent energy absorption, have been considerably used in different engineering implementations. However, stiffness of porous structures reduces significantly, due to the internal cavities, by adding GPLs into porous medium, effective mechanical properties of the porous structure considerably enhance. This paper is relating to vibration analysis of fluidconveying cantilever porous graphene platelet reinforced (GPLR) pipe with fractional viscoelastic model resting on foundations. A dynamical model of cantilever porous GPLR pipes conveying fluid and resting on a foundation is proposed, and the vibration, natural frequencies and primary resonant of such a system are explored. The pipe body is considered to be composed of GPLR viscoelastic polymeric pipe with porosity in which Halpin-Tsai scheme in conjunction with the fractional viscoelastic model is used to govern the construction relation of nanocomposite pipe. Three different porosity distributions through the pipe thickness are introduced. The harmonic concentrated force is also applied to the pipe and the excitation frequency is close to the first natural frequency. The governing equation for transverse motions of the pipe is derived by the Hamilton principle and then discretized by the Galerkin procedure. In order to obtain the frequency-response equation, the differential equation is solved with the assumption of small displacement, damping coefficient, and excitation amplitude by the multiple scale method. A parametric sensitivity analysis is carried out to reveal the influence of different parameters, such as nanocomposite pipe properties, fluid velocity and nonlinear viscoelastic foundation coefficients, on the primary resonance and linear natural frequency. Results indicate that the GPLs weight fraction porosity coefficient, fractional derivative order and the retardation time have substantial influences on the dynamic response of the system.

A New Insight into the Role of CART in Cocaine Reward: Involvement of CaMKII and Inhibitory G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling

Yu, ChengPeng,Zhou, XiaoYan,Fu, Qiang,Peng, QingHua,Oh, Ki-Wan,Hu, ZhenZhen Frontiers Media S.A. 2017 Frontiers in cellular neuroscience Vol.11 No.-

<P>Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptides are neuropeptides that are expressed in brain regions associated with reward, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc), and play a role in cocaine reward. Injection of CART into the NAc can inhibit the behavioral effects of cocaine, and injecting CART into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) reduces cocaine-seeking behavior. However, the exact mechanism of these effects is not clear. Recent research has demonstrated that Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and inhibitory G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling are involved in the mechanism of the effect of CART on cocaine reward. Hence, we review the role of CaMKII and inhibitory GPCR signaling in the effect of CART on cocaine reward and provide a new insight into the mechanism of that effect. In this article, we will first review the biological function of CART and discuss the role of CART in cocaine reward. Then, we will focus on the role of CaMKII and inhibitory GPCR signaling in cocaine reward. Furthermore, we will discuss how CaMKII and inhibitory GPCR signaling are involved in the mechanistic action of CART in cocaine reward. Finally, we will provide our opinions regarding the future directions of research on the role of CaMKII and inhibitory GPCR signaling in the effect of CART on cocaine reward.</P>

Effects of Alkyl Chain Length on the Optoelectronic Properties and Performance of Pyrrolo-Perylene Solar Cells

Liu, Xianqing,Kim, Yu Jin,Ha, Yeon Hee,Zhao, Qinghua,Park, Chan Eon,Kim, Yun-Hi American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.16

<P>While the impact of alkyl side-chain length on the photovoltaic properties of conjugated polymers and their performance in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells has been studied extensively, analogous studies on pyrrolo-perylene-based polymers have not received adequate attention. To explore these effects, we synthesized two copolymers based on <I>N</I>-annulated pyrrolo-perylene and consisting of cyano group substituents on thiophene vinylene thiophene units with two different alkyl groups of 2-decyltetradecyl and 7-decylnonadecyl, and we studied them with regard to chemical structure and photovoltaic performance. UV–vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry studies showed that variations in alkyl chain length affect crystallization, light absorption, and the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels. These factors have a pronounced impact on the morphology of BHJ thin films and their charge carrier separation and transportation characteristics, which, in turn, influences photovoltaic properties.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2015/aamick.2015.7.issue-16/acsami.5b01444/production/images/medium/am-2015-01444m_0008.gif'></P>

Warmer and Less Icy Arctic Leading to More Violent Weather in Midlatitudes

Yungi Hong,Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang,Qinghua Ding,Seok-woo Son,Jee-Hoon Jeong,Sangwoo Kim,Jin-Ho Yoon 한국기상학회 2021 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

Today, East Asia and North America still have experienced extreme cold although global warming gets stronger. However, its mechanism of such extreme cold in winter is not demonstrated. Arctic amplification (AA) is regarded as one of the causes of Warm Arctic Cold Eurasia (WACE). In this study, the relationship between the Arctic and midlatitude temperature is analyzed using reanalysis data. Most years show negative correlation but large uncertainty is in terms of its intensity. Furthermore, using Half a degree additional warming, prognosis and projected impacts (HAPPI) experiment, global warming impact on the association between the Arctic and midlatitude is estimated. Under the global warming scenario, the warmer Arctic makes the range of temperature response in the midlatitude wider. It means the Arctic-midlatitude teleconnection becomes loose, leading to less predictable weather in the future.

Integration of wastewater treatment units and optimization of waste residue pyrolysis conditions in the brominated phenol flame retardant industry

Shiqi Liu,Xiangting Hou,Chengze Yu,Xiangrui Pan,Junhao Ma,Guocheng Liu,Chengzhi Zhou,Yanjun Xin,Qinghua Yan 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.115 No.-

Among the bromine flame retardants, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a highly effective flame retardantthat can be used as both reactive and additive. However, the synthesis reaction of TBBPA has alow conversion rate and many brominated phenolic organics. Therefore, there is an urgent need toremove brominated organic pollutants produced in the process of producing flame retardants to reducethe harm to the environment and human beings and to reduce production costs. In this study, an efficientprocess was developed to treat the wastewater and waste residue generated in TBBPA production process,realizing its harmless and resource utilization. In the resource utilization system, through the ingeniousdesign of solution mixing, precipitation separation, three-effect evaporation and concentration,valuable substances were extracted to realize the recovery and reuse of wastewater. In the harmless utilizationprocess of hazardous waste residue, through high-temperature pyrolysis at 500 C for 2 h afteroptimization with hypoxia-hyperoxia atmosphere modulation, it can avoid the production of dioxinsand carbon black, effectively remove the organic impurities, realize the harmlessness and obtain highqualitysodium sulfate. This paper aims to propose a simple, efficient and feasible utilization system,including the three major technological processes of TBBPA production, integrated wastewater treatmentand optimized the harmless treatment of waste residue to obtain sodium sulfate, so as to realize TBBPAgreen production. Compared with the traditional TBBPA synthesis system, wastewater and waste residuetreatment processes, the TBBPA quality is increased by 2 % and the economic cost is reduced by 10 %,which is of great significance to the development of the industry.

Improved Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm Based on Parallel Hybrid Evolutionary Theory

Zou Yingyong,Zhang Yongde,Li Qinghua,Jiang Jingang,Yu Guangbin 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.1

Based on the analysis on the basic principles and characteristics of the existing multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), an improved multi-objective GA with elites maintain is put forward based on non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA). NSGA-II algorithm theory and parallel hybrid evolutionary theory is described in detail. The design principle, process and detailed implementations of the improved MOGA are given. IMNSGA-II algorithm and NSGA-II algorithm are applied to test the performance of the two algorithms for different test function, experiments of example are preformed. Experimental results show that the improved MOGA achieved the optimal between the convergence and diversity.

Emergent Topological Hall Effect in La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃/SrIrO₃ Heterostructures

Li, Yao,Zhang, Lunyong,Zhang, Qinghua,Li, Chen,Yang, Tieying,Deng, Yu,Gu, Lin,Wu, Di American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.23

<P>Recently, perovskite oxide heterostructures have drawn great attention because multiple and complex coupling at the heterointerface may produce novel magnetic and electric phenomena that are not expected in homogeneous materials either in the bulk or in films. In this work, we report for the first time that an emergent giant topological Hall effect (THE), associated with a noncoplanar (NC) spin texture, can be induced in ferromagnetic (FM) La<SUB>0.7</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.3</SUB>MnO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films in a wide temperature range of up to 200 K by constructing La<SUB>0.7</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.3</SUB>MnO<SUB>3</SUB>/SrIrO<SUB>3</SUB> epitaxial heterostructures on (001) SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB> substrates. This THE is not observed in La<SUB>0.7</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.3</SUB>MnO<SUB>3</SUB> single-layer films or La<SUB>0.7</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.3</SUB>MnO<SUB>3</SUB>/SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB>/SrIrO<SUB>3</SUB> trilayer heterostructures, indicating the relevance of the La<SUB>0.7</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.3</SUB>MnO<SUB>3</SUB>/SrIrO<SUB>3</SUB> interface, where the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction due to strong spin-orbital coupling in SrIrO<SUB>3</SUB> may play a crucial role. The fictitious field associated with THE is independent of temperature in La<SUB>0.7</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.3</SUB>MnO<SUB>3</SUB>/SrIrO<SUB>3</SUB> heterostructures, suggesting that the NC spin texture may be magnetic skyrmions. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using SrIrO<SUB>3</SUB> to generate novel magnetic and transport characteristics by interfacing with other correlated oxides, which might be useful to novel spintronic applications.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Residual Surface Topology Modeling and Simulation Analysis for Micro-Machined Nozzle

Yukui Cai,Zhan-qiang Liu,Zhen-yu Shi,Qinghua Song,Yi Wang 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

The performance of the micro nozzle is determined primarily by its machined surface topology. A circular cross-section micro-Lavalnozzle is modeled and studied by using numerical simulation in this paper. The geometry of residual height and residual area ofmachined nozzle surface with flat-end milling cutter and ball-end milling cutter are created. It is found that the ball end milling cutterwith large diameter is better than the flat one for nozzle finishing operations. The nozzle velocity performance is also revealed in thisresearch. When residual height increased from 0.6 μm to 9.6 μm for nozzle with throat diameter less than 2 mm, the maximum outletvelocity of nozzle reduced gradually. The maximum outlet velocity of nozzle remains stable for the nozzle with throat diameter greaterthan 2 mm. The results show that the maximum outlet velocity of nozzle significantly reduces with throat diameter decreasing underconstant residual height. Based on the analysis about velocity boundary layer, when residual height changing from 0.6 μm to 9.6 μm,the nozzle with throat diameter is 1 mm, has the boundary layer thickness ranging from 5% to 14% of outlet radius.

Favorable Impact Toughness of High Heat Input Coarse-Grained HAZ in an Ultra-Low Carbon High-Strength Microalloyed Steel

Fuhui Cui,Junjie Wang1,Xiangdong Gan,Dawei Yu,Ilya Vladimirovich Okulov,Qinghua Tian,Xueyi Guo 대한금속ᆞ재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.2

Liquid Mg is capable of quickly eroding the refractory Ni-based superalloy and selectively dissolve Ni, which opens up anew avenue for the recycling of superalloy scraps for comprehensive metal reclamation. This study aims at investigating theunderlining mechanism and kinetics of the selective dissolution of Ni from Inconel 718 (one type of Ni-based superalloy)with liquid Mg, by experimenting at 750, 800, and 850 °C for various amounts of time in an inert atmosphere. This selectivedissolution process is also known as liquid metal dealloying. Results show that a permeable dealloyed layer was formedresulting from the preferential dissolution of Ni over other metallic elements (e.g., Fe, Cr, Nb, Mo, and Ti). At the dealloyingforefront, the grain boundaries of the matrix γ phase were preferentially eroded by liquid Mg. The opposite concentrationgradients of Ni (4–9 wt%) and Mg (12–18 wt%) cross the dealloyed layer suggested their counter diffusion. A higher heatingtemperature substantially increased the dealloying rate.