Identification of Plasma Biomarkers in Drug-Naïve Schizophrenia Using Targeted Metabolomics

Qiao Su,Fuyou Bi,Shu Yang,Huiming Yan,Xiaoxiao Sun,Jiayue Wang,Yuying Qiu,Meijuan Li,Shen Li,Jie Li 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.9

Objective Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe psychiatric disorder with unknown etiology and lacking specific biomarkers. Herein, we aimed to explore plasma biomarkers relevant to SCZ using targeted metabolomics. Methods Sixty drug-naïve SCZ patients and 36 healthy controls were recruited. Psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. We analyzed the levels of 271 metabolites in plasma samples from all subjects using targeted metabolomics, and identified metabolites that differed significantly between the two groups. Then we evaluated the diagnostic power of the metabolites based on receiver operating characteristic curves, and explored metabolites associated with the psychotic symptoms in SCZ patients. Results Twenty-six metabolites showed significant differences between SCZ patients and healthy controls. Among them, 12 metabolites were phosphatidylcholines and cortisol, ceramide (d18:1/22:0), acetylcarnitine, and γ-aminobutyric acid, which could significantly distinguish SCZ from healthy controls with the area under the curve (AUC) above 0.7. Further, a panel consisting of the above 4 metabolites had an excellent performance with an AUC of 0.867. In SCZ patients, phosphatidylcholines were positively related with positive symptoms, and cholic acid was positively associated with negative symptoms. Conclusion Our study provides insights into the metabolite alterations associated with SCZ and potential biomarkers for its diagnosis and symptom severity assessment.

Expression of c-Type Lysozyme from the Fleshy Shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis Is Upregulated Following Vibrio anguillarum and Lipopolysaccharide Injection

Qiao, Guo,Kim, Su-Kyoung,Cho, Yeong-Rok,Kim, Sukyoung,Jang, In-Kwon The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2013 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.16 No.4

Chicken-type lysozyme (c-lysozyme) is present in shrimp and is active against some bacteria. To further understand the regulation of c-lysozyme in the fleshy shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis, we determined the tissue-specific gene expression of c-lysozyme and the time-course of mRNA expression in response to Vibrio anguillarum and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection by quantitative reverse real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that c-lysozyme was expressed in all tissues tested, including gill, eyestalk, eye, hemocytes, hepatopancreas, intestine, heart, and pleopod. It was most highly expressed in the intestine followed by the eyestalk, gill, hemocytes and hepatopancreas. The mRNA expression level began to decline in a short time after V. anguillarum challenge and was then upregulated by two fold or more at 24 h post injection (hpi) compared to that at 0 h. Expression was suppressed shortly after LPS injection and began to increase with higher levels of 5.8-, 5.2- and 8.4-fold at 24, 48, and 72 hpi, respectively. Higher expression was sustained and showed a gradual increasing trend until the end of the experiment (72 hpi). These results increase our understanding of the regulation of defense mechanisms and facilitate an evaluation of the effects of probiotics or immunostimulants in shrimp culture.

PERSONALIZED STEERING FEEL DESIGN FOR STEER-BY-WIRE SYSTEMS BASED ON THE RACK FORCE ESTIMATION

Su Chengrui,Li Huanghe,Qiao Bangjun,Wu Xiaodong 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.4

This paper proposes a personalized steering feel model for the steer-by-wire vehicles to reconstruct the haptic feedback during steering motion. Through the investigation of the steering mechanism, the aligning torque obtained via the rack force estimated by the extended disturbance observer and the equivalent friction torque modelled using a hyperbolic tangent function constitute the steering feel model. Also, different mathematical functions are designed to achieve the characteristics of the power assist and the steering feel varying with vehicle speeds. The variable parameters are introduced to design the personalized steering feel and the objective evaluation is employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. The hardware-in-the-loop experiment results demonstrate that the designed extended disturbance observer has good rack force estimation performance. Compared with conventional electric power steering systems, the proposed model achieves the same haptic feedback and has the assist effect and the characteristics of steering feel that changes with speed. Furthermore, the personalized steering feel is realized by adjusting the variable parameters of the steering feel model according to different drivers’ preferences.

First Record of Foot-Rot Caused by Fusarium solani on Pachira aquatica in China

Qiao Xia Shang,Hui Jia,Jin Zhong Wang,Su Hua Liu,Zheng Ping Liu 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Moving Mass Actuated Reentry Vehicle Control Based on Trajectory Linearization

Su, Xiao-Long,Yu, Jian-Qiao,Wang, Ya-Fei,Wang, Lin-lin The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2013 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.14 No.3

The flight control of re-entry vehicles poses a challenge to conventional gain-scheduled flight controllers due to the widely spread aerodynamic coefficients. In addition, a wide range of uncertainties in disturbances must be accommodated by the control system. This paper presents the design of a roll channel controller for a non-axisymmetric reentry vehicle model using the trajectory linearization control (TLC) method. The dynamic equations of a moving mass system and roll control model are established using the Lagrange method. Nonlinear tracking and decoupling control by trajectory linearization can be viewed as the ideal gain-scheduling controller designed at every point along the flight trajectory. It provides robust stability and performance at all stages of the flight without adjusting controller gains. It is this "plug-and-play" feature that is highly preferred for developing, testing and routine operating of the re-entry vehicles. Although the controller is designed only for nominal aerodynamic coefficients, excellent performance is verified by simulation for wind disturbances and variations from -30% to +30% of the aerodynamic coefficients.

Comparison of immune response of Pacific white shrimp, <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>, after multiple and single infections with WSSV and <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i>

Qiao, Guo,Xu, De-Hai,Wang, Zishen,Jang, In-Kwon,Qi, Zhitao,Zhang, Mingming,Kim, Su-Kyoung Elsevier 2015 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.44 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Our previous study demonstrated that Pacific white shrimp (<I>Litopenaeus vannamei</I>) infected by multiple pathogens showed higher mortality and death occurred more quickly than those infected by a single pathogen (Jang et?al., 2014). For better understanding the defense mechanism against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and <I>Vibrio anguillarum</I>, immune responses of shrimp were evaluated in this study. The mRNA expression levels of five immune-related genes were analyzed by quantitative reverse real-time PCR, which included proPO-activating enzyme 1 (PPAE1), PPAE2, proPO activating factor (PPAF), masquerade-like serine proteinase (Mas) and ras-related nuclear gene (Ran). Results demonstrated that the transcription was suppressed more intensively in the multiple infection group than those in single infection groups. The transcriptional suppression was directly related to the higher mortality. The hypoimmunity could benefit pathogen invasion, replication and release of toxin <I>in?vivo</I>. Results in this study will help to understand immune defense mechanism after shrimp were infected by multiple pathogens in aquaculture.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Immune genes in shrimp were studied to understand defense mechanism against multiple pathogens. </LI> <LI> Shrimp infected by multiple pathogens showed higher mortality and death occurred more quickly. </LI> <LI> Gene transcription was suppressed in shrimp with multiple infections than single infection. </LI> <LI> Depression of immune genes resulted in low PO activity, phagocytosis and led to high mortality. </LI> <LI> Prevention and management strategies are needed to reduce shrimp losses by multiple pathogens. </LI> </UL> </P>

공공공간의 써피스 디자인 감성표현 연구 -어린이 놀이공간을 중심으로-

치아오슈앙 ( Qiao Shuang ),이수영 ( Lee Su Young ) 한국공간디자인학회 2022 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.17 No.7

(연구배경 및 목적) 아동기는 생애 발달에서 가장 중요한 시기라고 할 수 있는데, 환경은 아동들의 신체적, 정신적 성장에 큰 영향을 미친다. 현대 사회적으로 다변화된 환경에서 어린이 놀이 공간은 대부분 비슷한 형태를 유지해왔으며, 공간기능이 단순하여 어린이 놀이와 아동들의 성격 발달의 다양한 요구를 충족시키지 못하고 있다. 미래의 어린이 놀이 공간디자인은 놀이 공간뿐 아니라 감각적이고 재미있는 교육공간이 되어야 한다. 써피스 디자인의 표현요소는 시각과 촉각의 감성표현에 중점을 두어 어린이를 더 매료시킬 뿐만 아니라 어린이의 성장 욕구를 만족시키다. 써피스 디자인은 어린이 놀이 공간와 공공공간디자인에 새로운 연구적 의미 가지고 있다. (연구방법) 첫째, 문헌 연구를 통해 감성 디자인의 정의와 과정을 분석하고 기존 어린이 놀이 공간의 개념과 아동 욕구를 연구했다. 둘째, 아동의 욕구와 감성 디자인 내용에 따라서 어린이 놀이 공간과 써피스 디자인의 관계를 정리한다. 셋째, 설계사례를 토대로 전통적 놀이터 3곳과 창의적 놀이터 8곳 등 총 11개 사례를 재질별로 구분하여 비교 분석한다. 마지막으로 사례분석에 따른 비교 결과을 도출하고, 놀이 공간에서 써피스 디자인의 역할에 대해 서술하고 있다. 써피스 디자인이 아동 놀이 공간의 감성적 표현에 영향을 주는 요소에 대한 분석을 통하여 아동 놀이 공간디자인의 제시와 방향에 대하여 연구적 의의를 탐구한다. (결과) 어린이놀이터 사례 분석 결과 전통적인 놀이터는 실용성과 기능성을 강조한 반면 조형 형태가 단조롭고 획일적이며, 전체적으로 심미성이 낮은 수준으로 평가됐다. 조형미가 부족하여 어린이들에게 효과적인 심미적 경험을 제공하지 못하고 있다. 창조적 놀이터 사례를 종합 분석한 결과 다양한 유형의 흥미로운 표면 형태가 높게 평가됐다. (결론)감성적인 써피스 디자인은 어린이들이 놀이 공간에보다 빠르고 쉽게 적응하게 하고, 어린이 공간의 교육적 의미를 실현한다. 어린이 놀이 공간은 써피스 디자인 요소가 들어가 되어 있으며, 어린이들의 놀이 공간이 놀이만 가능한 공간에서 미적 감성을 높일 수 있는 감성 공간으로 변화한 것도 놀이 공간디자인 자체에 혁신적이다. 감성 디자인이 적용된 어린이 놀이 공간은 써피스 디자인과 어린이 놀이 공간 모두에 새로운 시지각적 발전 방향을 제시한다. (Background and Purpose) Childhood is arguably the most important period of development in an individual’s life, and the environment has a great influence on the physical and mental growth of children. However, in current times, most children’s play spaces maintain a similar shape, and these spaces only have a single function, which cannot meet the various requirements of children’s play and character development. The design of children’s game spaces in the future should not only meet the function of children’s games but should also be designed as emotional and interesting educational spaces to meet their growth needs. The presentation element of the surface design focuses on visual and tactile emotional expression, which not only makes children more fascinated but also satisfies their growth needs. Surface design has a new research significance for children's play space and public space design. (Method) First, through a literature review, the definition and process of emotional design are analyzed, and the concept of existing children’s play space and children’s needs are studied. Second, this study analyzed the relationship between children's play space and surface design according to children’s needs and emotional design content. Based on the design examples, a total of 11 examples, including three traditional playgrounds and eight creative playgrounds, were compared and analyzed according to the material classification. Finally, the role of surface design in the play space was described based on the comparison of examples. Through the analysis of the elements of surface design, which affected the perceptual performance of children’s play space, the direction and significance of children’s play public space design were explored. (Results) The case analysis of children’s playgrounds showed that traditional playgrounds emphasized practicality and functionality. In contrast, the surface had few expression elements, a monotonous shape and form, and a low overall aesthetic. Due to the lack of emotional expression elements, the level of spatial emotional design was low; therefore, the attraction to children was reduced. The comprehensive analysis of the creative playground cases showed that a variety of interesting surface expression elements were reflected in the cases, and the emotional design level of the amusement park was improved; therefore, the amusement park received a high evaluation. (Conclusions) The emotional surface design allows children to adapt to the play space faster and more easily and realizes the educational significance of children’s spaces. Thus, children’s spaces, which contain rich emotional expression elements of surface design, are transformed from a space that can only play games to a perceptual space that can improve aesthetic sense, proving innovative for the game space design itself. In summary, the emotional design of children’s play spaces provides a new direction for surface design and children’s play spaces.

A DFT study of the geometrical structures and electronic properties of CumMn (m + n = 6, M = Fe, Co, Ni) clusters

Wang Su Juan,Zhou Dan,Hu Yan Fei,Tang Cui Ming,Wang Qiao Zhi,Chen Shun Ling 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.79 No.3

In this work, we investigated bimetallic CumMn (m + n = 6, M = Fe, Co, Ni) clusters on the basis of the density functional theory at the M06L level. While changing the structure and composition, our team studied the geometrical structures, relative stabilities and electronic magnetic moments of these clusters. We found that the average atomic binding energies vary linearly with the number of doping atoms in the CumFen and the CumNin clusters. The values of electron affinity (EA) and the ionization potential (IP) for the CumNin clusters are closer to those of pure Cu clusters compared with the others. A negative value of the EA is only seen in CumFen clusters. The electronic magnetic moments of these clusters indicate that most of them exhibit a local minimum when doped with three atoms. Moreover, we further analyzed the HOMO–LUMO gaps, the natural population, and the geometrical structures.

Study on the different effects of aluminum doping on Fe-Mn and Ni-Mn based compounds as cathode material for sodium-ion batteries

Danlei Qiao,Yixuan Zhang,Chang Su,Guoqiang Liu,Qingxiang Wang,Lei Wen 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.124 No.-

Al-doped Fe-Mn and Ni-Mn based materials with P2-type layered structure has been synthesized andtested as a positive electrode material for rechargeable sodium batteries. The modification mechanismsof Al doping in Fe-Mn and Ni-Mn based materials have been discussed. The synthesized Al-doped Ni-Mnbased material Na0.67Mn0.8Ni0.16Al0.04O2 delivers a reversible capacity of 135.1 mAh g1, which correspondsto 92.1% of the initial capacity with excellent cyclability for 200 cycles. What’s more, it can stillremain a capacity of 96.2 mAh g1 at a current density of 2000 mA g1. When the voltage range increaseto 1.5 – 4.3 V, its initial discharge capacity can reach 190.3 mAh g1.

Improvement of electrochemical performance of NaCrO2 by removing electrochemically inert sodium ions

Chang Su,Guo-Qiang Liu,Yixuan Zhang,Danlei Qiao 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.120 No.-

In this study, we used ultrasonic treatment and ethanol cleaning (UE treatment) to remove a smallamount of electrochemically inert Na+ ions from the surface lattice of NaCrO2 to obtain a modified materialNaCrO2-UE. Its electrochemical properties were significantly improved. At a rate of 10C, the initialdischarge capacity of NaCrO2-UE was 115.8 mAh/g, and the retention rate was 87.0 % after 500 cycles. Moreover, at a higher rate of 40C, it could deliver a discharge capacity of 111.4 mAh/g. In addition, thedischarge voltage plateau of NaCrO2-UE reached 2.91 V, while the discharge voltage plateau of pristineNaCrO2 was 2.78 V.