방사선사진의 인덱스-순서 분석을 통한 치아경조직의 탈염화 검출

박동현,박영호,김경숙,박정훈,이기자,최삼진,최용석,황의환,박헌국 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2009 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.39 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to develop the radiographic technique for detecting the demineralization which is known as indication of dental caries. Materials and Methods : This technique was based on the comparing of multiple radiographs which was irradiated by multiple X-ray spectra. For the meaningful comparing, the multiple radiographs were reconstructed to the dosimetrically consistent images using a standard material. The difference of resulting images of same target with multiple spectra represents the difference of response of material as regards the spectra. Results : We have found about 10% of demineralization of dental hard tissues particularly in the proximal region through the analyzing of differences. Conclusion : Most intriguing thing in this investigation was that the method to analyze difference shows us to an anatomic structure of dental hard tissues even if absolute values of optical density were excluded during the procedures.

군기지 이전지 활용에 관한 참여설계과정 - 요코하마 후카야 통신소 이전지 아이디어 공모사업 사례 -

박지현,손용훈,츠게 키하루,Park, Ji-Hyun,Son, Yong-Hoon,Tsuge, Kiharu 한국조경학회 2011 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.39 No.3

일본의 요코하마시는 1950년대부터 장기간에 걸쳐 미군기지 반환운동을 실시하였으며, 반환된 이전지를 활용함에 있어서 체계적인 활용계획을 수립하였다. 후카야 통신소는 2004년 반환이 확정된 요코하마 시내의 미군기지 중 하나이다. 후카야 통신소는 원형의 부지형태 및 부지 전체가 국유지라는 활용에 용의한 조건을 갖고 있으며, 이에 요코하마시는 후카야 통신소 이전지 활용에 대해 다양한 시민들의 의견을 수용한 대규모 녹지공간으로 조성하기 위해 아이디어 제안공모사업을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 후카야 통신소를 대상으로 참여설계과정을 유도하는 아이디어 공모사업의 추진 배경과 진행과정을 정리하고, 또한 공모전에 참가한 아이디어를 분석하여 이전지 활용에 대한 최근 시민들의 수요를 해석하였다. 요코하마시는 아이디어 공모를 통해서 최근 도시녹지의 기능 및 테마에 대한 시민들의 요구사행에 관해 많은 아이디어를 얻을 수 있었다. 시민들은 후카야 통신소 부지에 녹지 인프라로서 새로운 녹지공간을 창조하는데 많은 관심을 보였다. 또한 아이디어들 중에는 개별녹지의 활용을 넘어 자연과 소통하는 지역의 새로운 라이프스타일을 제안하기도 하였다. 요코하마시는 아이디어 공모사업의 진행과정과 결과를 가능한 많은 시민들이 함께 공유할 수 있도록 '응모-심사-응원-참관-이해'의 다양한 참여 방식을 도모하였다. 후카야 통신소 이전지 활용에 관한 참여설계의 과정은 도시 기반시설로, 다양한 참여설계가 이루어져야 하는 공공사업에 있어서 커뮤니티 설계의 원칙과 프로세스가 구현되어지고 있는 사례라고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 후카야의 사례는 이전지 공원화 계획안이 수립된 우리나라의 의정부시 미군기지, 서울시 용산 미군기지에 시사하는바가 적지 않다고 생각된다. 본 연구내용을 바탕으로 할 때, 향후 우리나라의 미군부대 반환지 활용에 있어 시민을 위한 이전지 활용방안을 위해서는 보다 체계적인 이전지 활용계획의 틀, 투명한 절차 및 정보공개, 다양한 참여설계에 의한 협업 과정 등이 중요하다고 하겠다. Since 1950, the city of Yokohama has been demanding the return of US. military base sites in Yokohama. Yokohama has established a systematic utilization plan for these relocation sites. The Fukaya communication site is one of former US. military bases verified for return in 2004. The Fukaya communication site is distinctively circular in shape and is entirely national land. Yokohama took an idea competition to its citizens to create a new park at the relocation of the Fukaya communication site, involving lots of citizen opinion in its utilization goals. This study determined the process of the idea competition at the Fukaya communication site in encouraging civic participation and analyzing citizen demands for the utilization of the relocation site. Through the idea competition, Yokohama city was able to obtain several ideas on the new park from various angles such as the function and shape of the urban open spaces. Citizens showed great interest in creating a park as green infrastructure on the Fukaya communication site. In addition, beyond utilization as an urban open space, many ideas suggested new lifestyles for the region in connection with the natural environment in the vicinity. Yokohama city tried to share the process and results of the idea competition with as many citizens as it could through a variety of means such as Participation, Judging, Support, Observation and Understanding. The case study on the idea competition at the Fukaya communication site is a good example of community design practice in public projects, and is full of suggestions for military bases in Korea, which has just established the plan of utilizing relocation sites as parks. Based on this case study, it can be concluded that it is important to make a systemic form for utilization planning with a clear process, open information and partnership in a variety of participatory design processes in order to ensure maximum civic utilization of relocation sites.

경주국립공원 문화재지정구역의 귀화식물 현황 및 관리방안

윤정원 ( Jung Won Yoon ),신현탁 ( Hyun Tak Shin ),이명훈 ( Myung Hoon Yi ),김기송 ( Gi Song Kim ),성정원 ( Jung Won Sung ),박기환 ( Ki Hwan Park ),이창현 ( Chang Hyun Lee ),김용식 ( Yong Shik Kim ) 한국환경생태학회 2012 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.26 No.4

경주국립공원 문화재지정구역에 분포하는 귀화식물은 총 14과 40속 45종 1변종 등 총 46분류군을 확인하였다. 귀화식물을 유형별로 구별해보면, 생활형은 1년생 초본이 17분류군(37%)으로 가장 많았으며, 다년생 초본이 16분류군 (34.8%), 2년생 초본이 11분류군(23.9%), 목본이 2분류군(4.3%)로 나타났다. 원산지 별로는 유럽이 17분류군(37%)으로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 북아메리카에서 이입된 종이 16분류군(34.8%)으로 나타났다. 또한 귀화도는 3등급이 18분류군(40.9%)으로 가장 높다. 귀화식물 321분류군에 대한 본 연구대상지의 도시화 지수는 14.3%이며, 지구별 도시화 지수는 남산지구가 8.1%로 가장 높다. 경주국립공원은 사적형 공원으로 문화재가 매우 중요하나, 문화재 주변의식재 및 관리 또한 중요하다. 따라서 귀화식물의 경우 장기적인 모니터링과 생태적인 특성을 파악하여 체계적인 관리방안이 요구된다. The naturalized plant species in Gyeongju National Park was summarized as 46taxa including 14 families 40 genus 45 species 1 varieties. Among them, annual herbaceous species was 17taxa (37%) which is grouped as the biggest proportion and 16taxa (34.8%) for perennial herbaceous species and 11taxa (23.9%) for biannual herbaceous species and 2taxa (4.3%) for tree species. European origin was the biggest proportion as 17taxa (37%), and 16% (34.8%) from North America. The degree of naturalization (DoN) was the biggest for Degree III, V as 18taxa (39.1%). Regarding 321 naturalized plant species, the Urbanization Index in the studied area was 14.3%. The Namsam District showed 8.1% which is the highest DoN in the studied districts within the Gyeongju National Park. As the cultural properties is important in the Gyeongju National Park as a representatives for historical sites in Korea, planting and its management in the cultural properties is important tasks. The naturalized plant species in the studied area should be reasonably management.

마우스의 장내 농양(intraabdominal abscess)형성에 대한 연구

박장환,정용훈,조양자,김정목,전윤홍 한양대학교 의과대학 1992 한양의대 학술지 Vol.12 No.1

Intraabdominal abscesses (IAA) are produced microbiologically by mixed infection. And clinical treatment of IAA is limited because duration of the these diseases are prolong and the their nature is mixed infection. This study was carried out to develop a standardized IAA model used in B.fragilis. Encapsulated B.fragilis and autoclaved colonic and cecal contents produced IAA> And encapsulated B.fragilis produced IAA more than unencapsulated B. fragilis. Only E.coli was not effective to produce IAA but combination with encapsulated B.fragilis produced IAA. Abscesses were usually found in the serosal surface adherent to pancrease or colon and in the fatty tissue around the uterus. This study will subsequently support a development of IAA treatment.

균열을 가진 강구조부재의 한계하중에 대한 유한요소해석

박용걸,김성훈,김두환 서울産業大學校 1997 논문집 Vol.46 No.1

The purpose of the analysis is the numerical simulation of structures strained to the limit loads. The finite element calculations and experiments with cracked structures have been carried out yielding over limit strains between 10% and 15% by single peak load. Load versus displacement-diagrams and J-diagrams up to the limit load are calculated. By this way the influence of geometric parameters may be assessed in the post yield region. It is proposed to use such calculations to correlate experiments carried out with small specimens to experiments simulating the true dimensions of the design structure.

濟州地方에서 감자栽培法 改善에 關한 硏究 : I. Gibberellic Acid處理가 겨울감자의 生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響 I. Effect of Gibberellic Acid Treatment on Growth and Yield of Winter Cultivated Potato

朴庸奉,宋昌訓,韓元琢,金基澤 제주대학교 1991 논문집 Vol.32 No.-

濟州地域 겨울감자 栽培用 種薯 自給率 向上을 위하여 가을감자에 GA處理로 早期休眼打破 效果를 규명코저 3個年間의 試驗結果를 報告한다. 1) 定植時 萌芽長은 慣行區에 比하여 濟州産에 GA處理한 것은 萌芽長이 짧았으나 處理濃度가 높을수록 增加하였다. 2) 出現期는 慣行定植區에 比하여 濟州産 GA處理한 것은 11∼16日程度 늦었으나 無處理區 보다는 13∼18일 정도 빠른편이었다. 3) 草長은 GA處理한 것이 慣行區와 濟州産無處理區보다 길었으나 生育中에 草勢가 軟弱하여 低溫伸長性이 弱한 편이었다. 4) 收量은 GA 4ppm 處利한 것이 無處理보다 128% 增收하는 편이었으나 慣行區보다는 18% 程度 減收하는 傾向을 나타내었다. 以上의 結果로 보아 濟州地域 겨울감자 栽培用 種薯가 大關嶺 9月産으로 全量 確保가 어려울 경우 不足한 것은 濟州가을감자에 GA 4ppm을 30分동안 處理하면 겨울감자 栽培用 種薯로 利用이 可能할것으로 판단되었다 Influence of Gibberellin treatment on growth and yields of potatoes (Solanium tuberosum L.) were examined. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1) The sprout lengths were decreased by the GA treatment more than usual (the produced in September at alpine level). However, it appeared there was a trend of increase, as related to higher GA concentration. 2) The days to emergence were late in the GA treatment more than the usual degree of 11-16 days. It was earlier than the control of 13-18 days. 3) Plant heights were longer by GA treatment than those of usual practices and of the control. However, during the early growing stage, it shows that low temperature resitance was a trend of weakness. 4) In accordance with the rise in concentration of GA treatment, yields were increased by GA 4ppm treatment about 128% more than by the conreol. On the contrary, GA 4ppm treatment showed a trend of decrease, about 18% less than the usual practice. According to these results, it is possible to use the planting seed of winter cultivated potatoes, if we treated GA 4ppm, for 30 minutes to the control.

마찰시험기를 이용한 치과교정용 설측 브라켓과 호선의 마찰력 비교

박지훈,이용근,임범순,김철위 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Frictional force tends to rapidly increase as the relative angle between the bracket slot and the archwire increases beyond critical contact angle. The purpose of this study was to measure the frictional forces between lingual orthodontic brackets and orthodontic archwires with a friction tester (FPR 2000, Rhesca, Japan). The influence of the presence of artificial saliva was determined additionally. Two different lingual brackets (FJT: Fujita, Japan; ORM: Ormco, USA) and one labial standard bracket (CTL:TOMY, Japan) as a control were used in this study. Archwires of three different alloys (SS: Stainless steel, Ormco, USA; TM: β-Titanium, Ormco, USA; EL: Cobalt-chrome, RMO, USA) with 0.016 x 0.022 inch and 0.017 x 0.025 inch were used in this study. Each bracket-archwire couple was tested with a friction tester in the dry and artificial saliva environments. Each measurement was conducted with a angular velocity of 0.1 rpm for 90 seconds under the normal force of 100gf at 25 ℃ for the dry and 34 ℃ for the artificial saliva environment. For SS and EL archwires, frictional force was greater with FJT bracket than with ORM bracket (p<0.01). Compared with SS and TM archwires, 0.016 x 0.022 inch EL archwire showed the greatest frictional forces with two lingual brackets (p<0.01). There were significant differences in frictional force between the dry and artificial saliva environment (p<0.05), however, the effects of artificial saliva were different depending on the bracket-archwire combinations. Experimental critical contact angles were greater than theoretically calculated values.

서울시 버스중앙차로제의 경제성 분석 : 서울시 미아로 중앙버스전용차선제 사례연구

박훈립,이상용,이인아 국민대학교 생산기술연구소 2004 공학기술논문집 Vol.27 No.-

Bus transit plays an important role in reducing urban traffic congestion, and in a wide variety of transportation functions. In Seoul metropolitan area bus is a declining industry and its continued decline is virtually inevitable. Rising income and changing life styles lead to increased personal automobile ownership and to the spread of suburban areas that is difficult and expensive to provide with good quality public transport. Deteriorating service levels have undermined transit. Declining ridership often pulls for service cuts, which in turn drive wove customers away, forcing further service cuts, all too familiar vicious cycle of decline that has disabled transit.

아질산 노출이 이스라엘잉어 혈장내 아질산 농도 및 간장 약물대사효소에 미치는 영향

박관하,최상훈,김영길,김용호,최선남,김종배 한국환경독성학회 2003 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Effects of ambient nitrite, N0₂^(-), at 1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/l, on the changes of plasma nitrite/nitrate and on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activity were examined in the juvenile Israeli carp, Cyprinus carpio. When the fish were exposed to 1 and 3 mg/l N0₂^(-), there was an exposure duration-dependent increase in plasma N0₂- over the 96-hr period reaching 6~7 fold excess the ambient concentration, In the fish exposed to 10 mg/l, a plateau concentration of less than 2-fold of the environment was attained in 12 hr. With 30 mg/l, however, the maximal plasma NOf was 41.25 mg/1 at 12 hr followed by a gradual decline. There was a concentration increase in methemoglobin (metHb) level in all N02^(-)-exposed groups and a significant decrease in hematocrit value in 30 mg/l group after 96-hr exposure. Apart from the blunted increase in plasma N0₂^(-) with higher N0₂^(-)(10 and 30 mg/1) exposure, the ratio of plasma N0₃^(-) to N0₂^(-) was significantly higher in these groups compared to 1 and 3 mg/l. The imbalance in the plasma N0₃^(-)/N0₂^(-) at higher N0₂^(-) exposure suggests a possible accelerated conversion of N0₂^(-) to N0₃^(-). Nitrite exposure did not affect the hepatic drug-metabolic activities in juvenile Israeli carp. All these data indicate that disposition of N0₂- differ depending upon exposed concentration and that metHb production may not be the exclusive toxic mechanism in carp

인공 치아우식 발생 모델에서 디지털 방사선 공제술을 이용한 인접면 치아우식증의 진단

박정훈,최용석,황의환,이기자,최삼진,박영호,김경숙,진현석,홍경원,오범석,박헌국 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2009 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.39 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of the experiment was to evaluating the diagnostic ability of dental caries detection using digital subtraction in the artificial caries activity model. Materials and Methods : Digital radiographies of five teeth with 8 proximal surfaces were obtained by CCD sensor (Kodak RVG 6100 using a size #2). The digital radiographic images and subtraction images from artificial proximal caries were examined and interpreted. In this study, we proposed novel caries detection method which could diagnose the dental proximal caries from single digital radiographic image. Results : In artificial caries activity model, the range of lesional depth was 572-1,374 μm and the range of lesional area was 36.95-138.52mm². The lesional depth and the area were significantly increased with demineralization time (p<0.001). Furthermore, the proximal caries detection using digital subtraction radiography showed high detection rate compared to the proximal caries examination using simple digital radiograph. Conclusion : The results demonstrated that the digital subtraction radiography from single radiographic image of artificial caries was highly efficient in the detection of dental caries compared to the data from simple digital radiograph.