초·중·고등학교 학생·학부모·일반교사의 보건교육 영역별 요구도와 보건교육

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2005 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of health education in students, their parents and teachers in the elementary, middle and high schools and the current situation of health education class. Method: The subjects of this study were a total of 9450 persons including students, their parents and teachers from 279 schools throughout the country. They were selected through convenient sampling. Data were analyzed through x^(2)­test and ANOVA. Result: Students, their parents and teachers replied that 18 dimensions of health education class (DHEC) are necessary. The four DHEC - healthier life style, sex education, mental health and safety education - showed high educational needs in students, their parents, and teacher. High school students had higher educational need of 'symptom management for daily living' than elementary and middle school students. Students, their parents and teachers in elementary school had higher educational needs of 17 DHEC that those in middle and high school. The percentages of schools with health education class taught by health teachers were 99.2%, 75.5% and 66.0% respectively in elementary, middle and high schools. Health education was given mainly using physical education classes at elementary schools, and creative class hours at middle and high schools. In general, health education took 1-3 hours per week at elementary schools, and less than an hour at middle and high schools. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the results, systematic health education class should begin from elementary school to meet the need of health education in students, their parents and teachers, and further study should be made on the number of hours required and the amount of contents of 18 DHEC.

초·중·고등학교 학생, 학부모, 일반교사의 보건교육 요구

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2004 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify needs of health education of the students, parents, general teachers, and health teacher of the elementary, middle, and high schools. Method : 279 schools of elementary, middle, and high school were sampled nonproportionally during the period from June 28 to July 26, 2004 . The data were collected by the questionnaire from 1,888 students, 1,876 parents, 1,695 general teachers, 279 health teachers. A frequency, % and χ2-test were used to analysis by SAS program. Result : 1. It showed that 98.1% of elementary school students, 92.3% of middle school students, 89.6% of high school students answered that they need health education. The most of students, parents, and general teachers had high interests in health education. 2. In the case of students, main causes of needs of health education was 'to prevent diseases or accidents''. But parents answered that it was 'to build up a healthier behavior'. General teachers answered that it was 'more effective systematic and continuous health education'. 3. Over 80% of students, parents, and general teachers about the question of who qualified person is to teach health education as a regular class responded that health teacher is available. Especially 93% of elementary school students answered like that. 4. The most of students, parents, and general teachers answered that health education in the classroom is favorable 1 to 2 hours per week. Conclusion : As results of the study , the majority of students, parents, general teachers agreed needs of health education. Therefore, on the basis of this study, systematic and continuous health education is necessary. Additionally the establishment of independent health subject is required certainly.

Modeling of CO₂ Emission from Soil in Greenhouse

Dong Hoon Lee,Kyou Seung Lee,Chang Hyun Choi,Yong Jin Cho,Jong-Myoung Choi,Sun-Ok Chung 한국원예학회 2012 원예과학기술지 Vol.30 No.3

Greenhouse industry has been growing in many countries due to both the advantage of stable year-round crop production and increased demand for fresh vegetables. In greenhouse cultivation, CO₂ concentration plays an essential role in the photosynthesis process of crops. Continuous and accurate monitoring of CO₂ level in the greenhouse would improve profitability and reduce environmental impact, through optimum control of greenhouse CO₂ enrichment and efficient crop production, as compared with the conventional management practices without monitoring and control of CO₂ level. In this study, a mathematical model was developed to estimate the CO₂ emission from soil as affected by environmental factors in greenhouses. Among various model types evaluated, a linear regression model provided the best coefficient of determination. Selected predictor variables were solar radiation and relative humidity and exponential transformation of both. As a response variable in the model, the difference between CO₂ concentrations at the soil surface and 5-㎝ depth showed are latively strong relationship with the predictor variables. Segmented regression analysis showed that better models were obtained when the entire daily dataset was divided into segments of shorter time ranges, and best models were obtained for segmented data where more variability in solar radiation and humidity were present (i.e., after sun-rise, before sun-set) than other segments. To consider time delay in the response of CO₂ concentration, concept of time lag was implemented in the regression analysis. As a result, there was an improvement in the performance of the models as the coefficients of determination were 0.93 and 0.87 with segmented time frames for sun-rise and sun-set periods, respectively. Validation tests of the models to predict CO₂ emission from soil showed that the developed empirical model would be applicable to real-time monitoring and diagnosis of significant factors for CO₂ enrichment in a soil-based greenhouse.

Modeling of CO₂ Emission from Soil in Greenhouse

Lee, Dong-Hoon,Lee, Kyou-Seung,Choi, Chang-Hyun,Cho, Yong-Jin,Choi, Jong-Myoung,Chung, Sun-Ok Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2012 원예과학기술지 Vol.30 No.3

Greenhouse industry has been growing in many countries due to both the advantage of stable year-round crop production and increased demand for fresh vegetables. In greenhouse cultivation, $CO_2$ concentration plays an essential role in the photosynthesis process of crops. Continuous and accurate monitoring of $CO_2$ level in the greenhouse would improve profitability and reduce environmental impact, through optimum control of greenhouse $CO_2$ enrichment and efficient crop production, as compared with the conventional management practices without monitoring and control of $CO_2$ level. In this study, a mathematical model was developed to estimate the $CO_2$ emission from soil as affected by environmental factors in greenhouses. Among various model types evaluated, a linear regression model provided the best coefficient of determination. Selected predictor variables were solar radiation and relative humidity and exponential transformation of both. As a response variable in the model, the difference between $CO_2$ concentrations at the soil surface and 5-cm depth showed are latively strong relationship with the predictor variables. Segmented regression analysis showed that better models were obtained when the entire daily dataset was divided into segments of shorter time ranges, and best models were obtained for segmented data where more variability in solar radiation and humidity were present (i.e., after sun-rise, before sun-set) than other segments. To consider time delay in the response of $CO_2$ concentration, concept of time lag was implemented in the regression analysis. As a result, there was an improvement in the performance of the models as the coefficients of determination were 0.93 and 0.87 with segmented time frames for sun-rise and sun-set periods, respectively. Validation tests of the models to predict $CO_2$ emission from soil showed that the developed empirical model would be applicable to real-time monitoring and diagnosis of significant factors for $CO_2$ enrichment in a soil-based greenhouse.

ATM-MPLS 기반 초고속국가망서비스의 서비스품질 강화 방안

조정호,노선식,이형옥 한국정보사회진흥원 2005 정보화정책 Vol.12 No.4

정부는 초고속국가망 구축사업을 1995년부터 시작하여 2005년까지 완성하기로 하고, 2004년 말 기준으로 국가 및 지방자치 단체, 교육기관, 연구기관, 의료기관, 기타 공공기관으로 하여금 다양한 서비스를 저렴한 비용으로 이용할 수 있도록 추진하고 있다. 초고속국가망의 고품질 서비스 제공을 위해 도입한 ATM-MPLS망에서 서비스품질과 보안서비스 제공 방안을 제시한다. 이를 위해 먼저 초고속국가망사업의 서비스 동향과 단계별 사업 추진 내용을 알아보고, 다음으로 초고속국가망 사용자의 종단간 서비스품질을 제공하기 위한 서비스품질 제어방법을 제안한다. 마지막으로 초고속국가망에서 이용하는 MPLS VPN, Metro-ATM에서 종단간 서비스품질을 보장하는 방안을 제시한다. 이를 위해 ATM-MPLS 서비스, ATM-MPLS VPN 서비스, Metro-Ethernet 서비스의 기술 동향과 서비스품질을 보장할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다. 이러한 분석을 통해 초고속국가망의 서비스품질 정책과 서비스품질을 강화하기 위한 계획을 찾을 수 있다.

광중합방식이 콤포머의 변연폐쇄에 미치는 영향

조옥환,한진순,임미경,이수종 대한치과보존학회 2001 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.26 No.1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of various polymerization techniques on the microleakage of compomer restorations. Fifty extracted human premolar and molar were used and randomly divided into 5 groups. After cavity preparation, compomer (F2000) was filled according to the manufacturer's directions. All groups, except group 5, were filled using an incremental technique. Group 1was polymerized for 40 seconds at a continuous 485mW/㎠ with a VIP (Bisco, USA) light cure unit. Group 2 was polymerized for 20 seconds at a continuous 345mW/㎠ and then for 20 seconds at 645mW/㎠ with the VIP light cure unit. Group 3 was polymerized at 400mW/㎠, gradually increased to 50mW/㎠ per 10 seconds until 550mW/㎠ was reached; total 40 seconds with a Spectrum 800 (Dentsply Caulk, USA) light cure unit. Group 4 was polymerized for for 3 seconds using an incremental technique with a Flipo (LOKKi, France) light cure unit. Group 5 was polymerized for 3 seconds using a bulk fill technique with the Flipo light cure unit. The specimens were embedded with acrylic resin, and were sectioned with diamond saws in a mesiodistal direction along the longitudinal axis of the tooth so as to pass through the center of the restoration, and three surfaces (occlusal, pulpal, and gingival) were examined with SEM. The results were as follows; 1. Group 5 showed a significantly larger gaps compared to other groups on the gingival, occlusal, and pulpal walls. 2. All groups except group 5 had no statistically significant gap on the gingival, occlusal, and pulpal walls. 3. There was no significant correlation between the amount of enamel on the gingival and occlusal walls and polymerization shrinkage.

고속의 GaAs SRAM 을 위한 새로운 센스 앰프의 설계 연구

조희철,김선옥,이웅호,윤진섭,이진구 동국대학교 산업기술대학원 1993 산업기술논문집 Vol.1 No.-

A new sense amplifier is designed in order to realize high-speed GaAs SRAM's. The Schematics are similar to "a source coupled differential amplifier" execept that two analyzed using basic FET current equations. The transconductance of the new sense amplifier is approximately 3.5 times larger than that of the conventional sense amplifier. Output high voltage is reduced to about 0.64V, therefore, the time which reached V_(max) are reduced also. The simulation results show that the access time of 0.9ns and the power dissipation of 12.2mW are achieved in GaAs 16bit SRAM's.

면역억제제를 사용치 않은 동소성 간이식 실험견의 조직병리소견

조원현,최순옥,김인호,임태진,김성수,박준희,김우석,김현철,최규택,김진모,권건영 大韓移植學會 1994 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.8 No.1

重化學工業機械의 國産化方案에 關한 硏究 : 特히 窯業에 있어서의 燒成爐, 粉碎機, 排風機, 冷却機, 電氣集마器 自動枰量供給器 等의 製作을 目的으로

趙哲衡,朴碩喆,丁太權,宋鐵,桭達福,金基玉,朴煥奎,趙煥從,朴善鐘,金種一,李茂錫 朝鮮大學校 1977 綜合論文集 Vol.1977 No.-

This is to investigate the posibility of home manufacturing of heavy chemical industry machines, such as rotary kiln, crusher, blower, cooler, electrostatic precipitator and weighing feeder of cement plant. It is concluded that even though we can not make all of them (some of them are made now and some others are going to be made in the near future, some of them are made whole and some others are made partially), we can build or export the cement plant by importing the important machines which we can not make now and by substituting them with ours gradually.

급성 ST 분절 상승 심근경색증의 표준진료지침 설계

권선옥,김우식,오명기,나종천,이홍기,조욱현,최석구 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

The use of critical pathways for a variety of clinical conditions has grown rapidly in recent years, particularly pathways for patients with acute myocardial infarction. We intend to determine the impact of a clinical pathway on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared with primary PCI. Low risk STEMI patients (ST elevation >0.1mV in more than 2 limb leads or ST elevation >0.2mV in contiguous precordial lead, chest pain lasting more than 30 min without response to nitroglycerin) will be included. All patients will be also treated medically according to critical pathway. STEMI is one of the common diseases in emergency medicine and so it is necessary to establish realistic treatment guidelines. The use of critical pathways will improve the quality of care.