지역난방배관의 다중누수 감지기 개발에 관한 연구

한상만,박한석,변기식 釜慶大學校 1998 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.3 No.2

Local heating transportation pipe has sensor and return lines to detect water- leakage. There are impulse and resistance comparison measurementtypes for a water-leakage detection. The impulse type shows large detection error within a measurement range. Since the resistance comparison type can find a comparative accurate single water-leakage point in the measurement range of heating pipe. it has used to detect water-leakages these days. However if the multi water-leakages are happened in the measurement range of trange of transportation pipe. the resistance comparison type shows a detection error point by the parallel resistance between a detection sensor line and ground. But the detection error will be minimized by the divided transportation pipe loops. In this research, it suggests the design of remote controlled detector which can divide a large pipe loop and a possible single water-leakage measurement process in each divided loops.

加南地域 沖積層 地下水의 水質變化 特性分析

韓萬錫 건국대학교 1990 장안지리 Vol.5 No.7

장기입원환자 관리 방해요인

이경석,윤석만,권희,이호,김혜경,조미자,한규남,김명성 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.1

Background: Recently the health insurance review agency tried to cut off the cost of unnecessary hospital stay. It is important to reduce the prolonged occupation of the hospital beds. However, there are some obstacles of the management for the prolonged bed occupation. We report our experiences and the problems of bed-control. Methods: To increase the rate of effective bed-usage, a task force was made. This team was consisted of 4 dctors, 2 nurses and 2 personnel of the administrative department. From December 20th 2001 to May 17th 2002, the task force analysed the rate, number and causes of the prolonged (more than 60 days, regardless of the disease entities) bed occupation. We announced and explained the necessity of bed-control and actively pressed to reduce the prolonged bed occupation. Results: The number of the prolonged bed occupation was 71 at the beginning of the management. It was reduced to 46 at best, then turned back to 65 at the end. It seems to be impossible to reduce the prolonged bed occupation until there are sufficient numbers of long-term care facilities. Aggressive bed control makes the sick patients to move every two or three months, it is never desirable. Conclusion: We cannot expect any Quality Improvements without improvement of the wrong system. Prior to the management for the prolonged bed occupation, it is necessary to build a sufficient number of long-term care facilities.

치면세마처치 인식도와 구강위생지수 변화에 대한 연구

이은숙 ; 한만덕 ; 나수정 ; 장종화 김천대학교 2016 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.19 No.-

This study was performed to analyze

발전설비계획과 송전설비계획을 연계한 통합설비계획에 관한 연구

金發鎬,韓錫萬 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2005 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

The competitive electricity market requires a new paradigm in the capacity planning. Market participants operate their facilities and plan new capacities for the benefit maximizing. However, the public system planner should provide the national guideline, because the power system is costly & large item. This paper presents a methodology on a generation expansion planning incorporating the transmission expansion planning as a public policy. The proposed model is formulated as a mixed integer programming that minimized operation and construction costs. This model is demonstrate by a case study.

개선된 다출력 동적 CMOS 설계 방식을 이용한 고성능 32 비트 CLA가산기 설계 및 구현

송근호,방만식,서정훈,한석붕,이효상,김강철 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1997 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In this paper, we designed, implemented and evaluated 32-bit CLA adder with the ENMODL(enhanced NORA Multiple Output Domino Logic) logic style which is new dynamic CMOS logic. The circuit is implemented using 0.8㎛ CMOS double-metal process technology. It operates stably and the addition time is less 3.9 ns. The ENMODL logic style can improve the performance in the high-speed computing circuits depending on the degree of recurrence.

정신분열증 환자의 인지재활을 위한 사회지각척도의 개발

안석균,손석한,이만홍,이희상,안혜리 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.2

연구목적 : 저자들은 정신분열증 환자군 및 정상인을 대상으로 하여 Brenner등의 인지재활전략에 합당하며. 시각지각과 분위기지각으로 세분화하여 사회지각 결핍을 발견할 수 있고, 바람직한 신뢰도 및 변별력을 갖춘 사회지각척도를 개발하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다 방법 : 저자들은 다양한 사회적 상황을 나타내는 사진 30장 중에서 통합심리치료연구팀의 구성원들의 의견일치에 따라서 10장의 사진을 선정하였다. 그런 다음에 저자들은 시각지각 소척도와 분위기지각 소척도로 이루어진 문항을 개발하였고 이를 사회지각척도 예 비판으로 삼았다. 이를 만성정신병원의 정신분열증 환자 20명에게 실시하였고. 다음으로는 DSM-IV 정신분열증 기준에 부합되는 대학정신병원 폐쇄 병동의 환자 20명과 정상인 20명에게 실시하였다. 저자들은 신뢰도가 낮은 항목을 제외하여 최종 사회 지각척도를 구성하였다. 저자들은 사회지각척도의 항목 난이도를 만성정신병원 환자들과 대학병원 환자들 간에서 비교하였다. 마지막으로 저자들은 정신분열증 환자군과 정상인 대조군 사이의 사회지각척도의 점수를 비교하였다. 결 과: 최종 사회지각척도는 내적 일치도. 검사-재검사 신뢰도. 평점자간 신뢰도의 값에 따라서 6개의 항목으로 구성되었다. 최종 사회지각척도는 정신분열증의 두 집단 간에서 유사한 항목 난이도 순위를 보여 주었다. 정신분열증 환자군은 분위기지각 소척도의 점수(t= -3.09. p<.01) 및 사회지각척도의 전채 점수에서(t= -3.33, p<.01) 정상인 대조군과 유의한 차이가 있었다 결 론: 본 연구에서 개발된 사회지각척도는 내적 일치도. 검사-재검사 신뢰도, 평점자간 신뢰도 및 변별력이 우수하며. 정신분열증의 인지재활전략에 직접적인 응용 및 인지재활의 효과를 평가하는데 이용될 수 있는 것으로 여겨진다. Objective: This research was performed order to develop the social perception scale which could detect the deficits of the social perception, composed of visual perception and contextual perception, in the patients with schizophrenia and might have the desirable reliability and discriminating power between the patients with schizophrenia and the normal controls, and so as to be appropriate to the schizophrenics cognitive rehabilitation strategy of Brenner, et al. Methods : We selected 10 photographs among 30 photographs which could show the variable social situations according to the consensus of the staff members of the Integrated Psychologcal Therapy. Then we developed the questions, composed of visual perception subscale and contextual perception subscale, which we called preliminary social perception scale. We tested the above scale to the 20 patients with schizophrenia in the chronic mental hospital. Then we tested the above scale to both the 20 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia in the closed ward of the university psychiatric hospital and the 20 normal controls. We developed the final social perception scale to exclude the items of inadequate reliability. We compared the item difficulties of social perception sue between the patients in the chronic mental hospital and those in the university psychiatric hospital. Finally, we compared the scores of social perception scale between the patients with schizophrenia and the normal controls. Results : The final 6 items were selected to become the social perception scale according to the values of the item-total correlation, test-retest reliability, and interrater reliability. The final social perception scale showed similar rank of item difficulties between two groups with schizophrenia. The patient group differed significantly from the normal control group on the scores of contextual perception subscale(t= -3.09, p<.01) and the total scores of social perception scale(t= -3.33, p<.01). Conclusion : This study suggests that the above social perception scale which has excellent internal consistency, test-retest reliability, interrater reliability and the discriminating power. This scale can be applied to both the cognitive rehabilitation strategy in the patients with schizophrenia and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the cognitive rehabilitation.

기계적 합금화에 의해 제조된 고규소 Al-Si 합금 나노 결정의 특성

이정일,김일호,홍태환,어순철,양계준,석현광,한만갑,최국선,김준수 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.7

High silicon Al-Si alloys with nanocrystalline structures have been produced by mechanical alloying process. Microstructural changes of the Al-Si alloys were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis was also made to characterize the lattice constant, crystallite size and misfit strain. It was found that the effective milling time by attrition milling was about 12hours for Al-70 wt%Si alloy system. The Al and Si crystallites were reduced to about 30 nm and 70 nm, respectively, by the mechanical alloying for more than 12hours. The misfit strains increased with milling time UD to 240 hours, and saturated to 5.73×10^(-3) for Al and Si crystallites, respectively.

국내의 Acinetobacter baumannii와 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 임상분리주에 대한 Colistin과 Polymyxin B의 감수성 양상

송원근,이태재,박민정,김한성,김재석,우흥정,이규만 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

배경 : 다약제 내성 Acinetobacter baumannii와 Pseudomonas aeruginosa에 의한 감염의 증가로 인해 기존의 치료제를 대신할 수 있는 colistin이나 polymyxin B와 같은 대체 항균제들이 사용되고 있다. 이에 국내에서 분리된 A. baumannii와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 colistin과 polymyxin B의 감수성 현황을 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 국내 5개 대학병원에서 분리된 균주 중 ceftazidime과 imipenem의 감수성에 따라 93주의 A. baumannii와 99주의 P. aeruginosa를 선택하였다. 액체배지 미량희석법으로 colistin과 polymyxin B의 감수성을 시험하였다. 결과 : Ceftazidime과 imipenem이 감수성인 균주에서는 기타 β-lactam제, aminoglycoside제 및 ciprofloxacin에 대한 감수성율(각각 58-100%, 50-100%, 75-100%)이 높았으나, ceftazidime 또는 imipenem이 내성인 균주에서는 위의 항균제에 대한 감수성율이(각각 ≤31%, ≤47%, ≤18%)이 낮았다(P<0.05). Colistin과 polymyxin B에 대한 A baumannii (MIC_(50/90), 1/2 ㎍/mL)와 P. aeruginosa(MIC_(50/90), 1/1 ㎍/mL)에의 항균 범위는 거의 유사하였고 두 약제 모두 매우 우수한 항균력을 보였다. A. baumannii에서는 1주(1.1%)가 colistin 내성(MIC, 4 ㎍/ mL)이 었으나 polymyxin B에는 감수성(MIC, 2 ㎍/mL)이었으며 이외의 모든 A. baumannii와 P. aeruginosa는 colistin과 polymyxin B에 감수성(MIC, ≤2 ㎍/mL)이었다. 결론 : 국내에서 colistin과 polymyxin B에 둘 다 내성인 A. baumannii나 P. aeruginosa 감염은 없었다. 따라서polymyxin제를 다약제 내성 A. baumannii나 P. aeruginosa 감염에 대한 대체 항균제로 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Background : The emergence of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become a major problem. The use of nontraditional agents such as colistin and polymyxin B have been tried. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the colistin and polymyxin B susceptibility of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa isolates in Korea. Materials and Methods : According to susceptibility of ceftazidime and imipenem, selected 93 isolates of A. baumannii and 99 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from 5 university hospitals in Korea. Susceptibility to colistin and polymyxin B was tested using the reference broth microdilution method. Results : The rates of other β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and ciprofloxacin susceptibility were high (58-100%, 50-100%, and 75-100%, respectively) in ceftazidime- and imipenem-susceptible isolates but were low (≤31%, ≤47%, and ≤18%, respectively) in ceftazidime- or imipenem-resistant isolates (P<0.05). Colistin and polymyxin B displayed a nearly identical spectrum of activity, exhibiting excellent potency against A. baumannii (MIC_(50/90), 1/2 ㎍/mL) and P. aeruginosa (MIC_(50/90), 1/1 ㎍/mL). Only one of the A. baumannii isolates was resistant to colistin (MIC, 4 ㎍/mL), but the isolate was susceptible to polymyxin B (MIC, 2 ㎍/mL). Conclusion : In Korea, no A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa isolates were resistant to both colistin and polymyxin B. These data suggested that polymyxins may be alternative drugs for multidrug- resistant A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa isolates.

Evaluating operator’s organ dose and effective dose according to the lead equivalent of radiation protection devices in performing angiography and interventional procedures

Han Dong-Hee,Han Man-Seok,Lee Seung-Jae,Shin Byung-Seok,Kim Jang-Oh,Kwon Da-Eun,Jung Kyung-Hwan,Lee Seung-Hwan,Baek Cheol-Ha 한국물리학회 2023 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.82 No.3

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the radiation dose in High-Defnition Reference Korean-Man phantom according to the lead equivalent in the protection devices using MCNPX. The tube voltage and current are 80–100 kV and 15 mAs, respectively, and the exposure time is 7–10 min. The range of lead equivalent of the protection devices worn by the operator phantom is 0–0.50 mmPb with the internal of 0.05 mmPb. The radiation dose indirect calculation method, the NDD(k), and variance reduction techniques are applied. The average error rate of the absorbed dose in each organ was 12.88% at 80 kV and 7.41% at 100 kV. Among the organs, the doses by the gonads (testis) and bladder accounted for 58.91%, resulting from close proximity to the table height, the origin of the scattered radiation. In case of evenly distributed bone surfaces throughout the body, it was 25.66%. This study quantitatively reports that after 0.25 mmPb lead equivalent of radiation protection devices commonly used in the clinical interventional procedure, TACE, the decrease in efective dose begins to slow down and become constant.