Characteristics and Health Risks of Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitro-polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at Urban and Suburban Elementary Schools in Shanghai, China

Lulu Zhang,Takahiro Tokuda,Lu Yang,Quanyu Zhou,Xuan Zhang,Wanli Xing,Qing Wu,Zhijun Zhou,Renjie Chen,Takayuki Kameda,Akira Toriba,Kazuichi Hayakawa,Ning Tang 한국대기환경학회 2019 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.13 No.4

PM2.1 was collected at urban and suburban elementary schools in Shanghai during two sampling periods in cold and warm seasons in 2007. Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and ten nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) in PM2.1 were determined. During both seasons, the concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs at urban and suburban schools were not significantly different (p>0.05) and were higher in the cold period than in the warm period. According to the diagnostic ratios, PAHs and NPAHs at both schools were subject to the mixed effects of vehicle emission and coal combustion during both periods. Moreover, the results of the backward trajectory showed that PAHs and NPAHs were more susceptible to external polluted air masses in the cold period. At both urban and suburban schools, the inhalation cancer risk of PAHs and NPAHs in PM2.1 for children during elementary period was dozens of times of the acceptable risk level regulated by the U.S.EPA, highlighting the adverse impact of exposure to PAHs and NPAHs on the healthy development of children.

Folate-decorated Polysaccharide-doxorubicin Polymer: Synthesis, Characterization, and Activity in HeLa Cells

Lei Zhang,Lulu Guo,Jingna Ding,Yongming Lu,Yaping Zhang,Yan Chen 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.8

In order to develop the application of the natural polysaccharide lentinan (LNT) and decrease the side effects of doxorubicin, we successfully synthesized a novel folate-modified maleilated lentinan-doxorubicin (FA-M.LNT-DOX) polymer and used it for tumor-targeted drug delivery. The release efficiency and cytotoxicity of the prodrugs were evaluated in vitro. Although DOX release from FA-M.LNT-DOX was quite slow in a neutral buffer, it was particularly fast in an acidic solution with a pH of 5.0. Compared with DOX, FA-M.LNT-DOX showed higher cytotoxicity in HeLa cells and significantly lower cytotoxicity in normal cells. These results suggested that FA-M.LNT-DOX could be considered as a potential drug delivery candidate for folate receptor-positive cancer therapy.

Combined treatments of chitosan and sodium silicate to inhibit Alternaria alternata pathogens of postharvest winter jujube

Jingru Zhang,Xiaowen Cheng,Lulu Chang,Lele Zhang,Shaoying Zhang 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.4

Alternaria alternata is a pathogenic fungus thatinfects jujube fruit and leads to serious economic losses. Inthis paper, the antifungal activity of chitosan combinedwith sodium silicate against A. alternata in vitro andin vivo was investigated, and the possible antimicrobialmechanisms were explored. Results showed that the sporegermination and colony expansion of A. alternata weresignificantly inhibited by chitosan. Chitosan treatmentinduced the leakages of intercellular electrolytes, nucleicacids, and soluble protein of A. alternata. Meanwhile,chitosan damaged the cell morphology and membraneintegrity of A. alternata. The combination of chitosan andsodium silicate was more effective than chitosan alone. Inaddition, the effect of chitosan and sodium silicate couldsignificantly decrease natural rot rate and delay lesionexpansion of winter jujube. Collectively, chitosan combinedwith sodium silicate had the potential to controlpostharvest diseases of fruit caused by A. alternata.

Effects of clearance flow on the characteristics of centrifugal pump under low flow rate

Lulu Zheng,Xiaoping Chen,Hua-Shu Dou,Wei Zhang,ZuChao Zhu,Xueli Cheng 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.1

The Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations and the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model are employed to simulate the centrifugal pump with or without clearance flows. The simulation results have been compared with the experimental data and good agreement has been achieved. Results show that clearance flow causes a decrease in the characteristics of the centrifugal pump, particularly in pressure fluctuation. The largest deviation of the amplitude of pressure fluctuation between the centrifugal pump with and without clearance flow is 65.34 %. The numerical results also show that the clearance flow causes collision impact with the mainstream flow and forms a multiple vortex structure at the impeller entrance. Clearance flow greatly affects the pressure distribution in the impeller passage, which is opposite to the volute tongue, especially at the suction side of the blade surface. The wave distribution decreases along the direction of the hub to the shroud, which indicating that the influence of clearance flow weakens along this direction.

Oxygen vacancies assisted LaFeO3 derived from metal organic frameworks endows a practical HCHO sensor with excellent sensing characteristics

Lulu Guo,Shushu Zhao,Guimao Yang,Lifeng Gao,Yanhong Wu,Xuguang Zhang 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-

Perovskite oxide semiconductors have attracted tremendous interest in gas sensing due to their promisingproperties of tunable active sites, excellent catalytic ability and good structural stability. Nevertheless, the rapid synthesis of perovskite oxides and controlled regulation of their surface oxygenvacancies remains a great challenge. Herein, we report a novel metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) selftemplatestrategy for the rapid and large-scale preparation of LaFeO3 nanoparticles (MLaFeO3) withabundant oxygen vacancies. Benefit from the introduction of oxygen vacancies, the resultantMLaFeO3 gas sensor exhibit excellent formaldehyde (HCHO) sensing performance at a low operatingtemperature of 160 C, including high sensitivity (Rg/Ra = 8.9 @ 100 ppm), fast response/recovery rate(53 s/32 s), low detection limit (1 ppm) and excellent selectivity. Comprehensive density functional theory(DFT) calculation and spectral characterizations reveal that oxygen vacancies play a vital role in promotingthe adsorption and activation of O2 and HCHO molecules, and accelerate the chemical reaction onthe sensing materials surface. Most importantly, it proves the promising application of MLaFeO3 sensorin food safety assessment. This work not only provides a simple strategy for constructing oxygen vacanciesenriched LaFeO3, but also demonstrates the application potential of LaFeO3-based gas sensors in thefield of formaldehyde detection.

Investigation on characteristics of pressure fluctuation in a centrifugal pump with clearance flow

Lulu Zheng,Xiaoping Chen,Wei Zhang,Zu-chao Zhu,Jinglei Qu,Mengmeng Wang,Xiaojie Ma,Xueli Cheng 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.9

Clearance flow has great impact on pressure fluctuation of centrifugal pumps. Numerical calculations are performed to study the pressure fluctuation characteristics of centrifugal pump with wear ring clearance, especially in the regions of interaction between main flow and clearance flow (IMC) and clearance. The accuracy of numerical calculations is illustrated by comparing the experiments of performance and pressure fluctuation. Results show that, in clearance region the pressure fluctuation is still governed by blade passing frequency (f BPF ). Its amplitude of dominate frequency of pressure fluctuation becomes larger as the probe approaches the impeller exit. In IMC region, the pressure fluctuation at impeller outlet is dominated by f BPF . However, the dominate frequency at the entrance of impeller is less than f BPF . In addition, as the flow rate increased, the amplitude of dominate frequency of pressure fluctuation increases at impeller entrance, whereas an inverse trend is observed at wear ring clearance region.

Modeling Ph Effect on Antimony(v) Adsorption-Desorption and Transport

Hua Zhang,Lulu Li,Yongbing Cai 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Deficiency of Follistatin-Like Protein 1 Accelerates the Growth of Breast Cancer Cells at Lung Metastatic Sites

Ying Zhang,Xiaozhou Xu,Ying Yang,Jie Ma,Lulu Wang,Xiangzhi Meng,Bing Chen,Ling Qin,Tao Lu,Yan Gao 한국유방암학회 2018 Journal of breast cancer Vol.21 No.3

Purpose: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) is a secreted glycoprotein that has been shown to play a role in various types of cancer. However, the clinical significance and function of FSTL1 in breast cancer have not been reported. We investigated the role of FSTL1 in breast cancer in this study. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, western blot analysis, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to monitor the expression of FSTL1 in breast cancer tissue and in serum samples from breast cancer patients. We employed a 4T1 breast cancer model and Fstl1+/− mice for in vivo studies. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, western blot analysis, and RNA sequencing were used to analyze the effect of FSTL1 on primary tumor growth and lung metastasis. Results: We demonstrated that the expression of FSTL1 is reduced in both the breast cancer tissue and the serum of breast cancer patients. We showed that reduced levels of FSTL1 in serum correlate with elevated expression of Ki-67 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in cancer tissues. Moreover, lowered expression of FSTL1 was associated with decreased survival in breast cancer patients. Experiments on the Fstl1+/− mouse model established that FSTL1 deficiency had no effect on primary tumor growth, but increased the lung metastases of breast cancer cells, resulting in reduced survival of tumor-bearing mice. RNA sequencing found significantly reduced expression of Egln3 and increased expression of EGFR in Fstl1+/− mice. Thus, our results suggest that FSTL1 may affect the expression of EGFR through Egln3, inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells at lung metastatic sites. Conclusion: In conclusion, we suggest a suppressor role of FSTL1 in breast cancer lung metastasis. Furthermore, FSTL1 may represent a potential prognostic biomarker and a candidate therapeutic target in breast cancer patients.

Environmentally Friendly Waterproof and Breathable Nanofiber Membranes with Thermal Regulation Performance by One-Step Electrospinning

Pan Zhang,Gaihuan Ren,Lulu Tian,Bo Li,Zhanzhao Li,Hongqin Yu,Rongwu Wang,Jianxin He 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.8

The waterproof and moisture permeable fabric with thermal regulation not only has the protective function forhuman body, but also meets the comfort of human clothing, which is a challenging and innovative research. Herein, we reportan environmentally friendly, simple, and high-efficiency strategy to fabricate waterproof and breathable nanofibermembranes with outstanding thermal regulation ability by introducing stearic acid (SA) into the hydrophobic siliceouspolyurethane (SIPU) solution by a facile one-step electrospinning. Owing to the addition of SA, the waterproofness of SIPU/SA nanofiber membranes is greatly improved, meanwhile, the addition of SA acted as a phase change material to imparttemperature regulation performance in appropriate temperature range to the SIPU/SA nanofiber membranes. By adjusting theaddition amount of the SA, eco-friendly and multifunctional SIPU/SA nanofiber membranes are systemically optimized withgood waterproofness (79 kPa), moisture breathability (8.0 kg m-2 d-1), and outstanding temperature regulation performance(latent heat up to 40 J/g), satisfied tensile strength (6.2 MPa) and excellent breaking elongation of 182 %. The obtained SIPU/SA nanofiber membranes can be suitable for the design of multifunctional wearable textiles for various applications,especially in outdoor protective clothing, medical clothing, intelligent clothing and military products.

Photooxidative removal of Hg0 from simulated flue gas using UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation process: Influence of operational parameters

Bo Zhang,Zhaoping Zhong,Kuan Ding,Lulu Yu 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.1

Element mercury (Hg0) from flue gas is difficult to remove because of its low solubility in water and high volatility. A new technology for photooxidative removal of Hg0 with an ultraviolet (UV)/H2O2 advanced oxidation process is studied in an efficient laboratory-scale bubble column reactor. Influence of several key operational parameters on Hg0 removal efficiency is investigated. The results show that an increase in the UV light power, H2O2 initial concentration or H2O2 solution volume will enhance Hg0 removal. The Hg0 removal is inhibited by an increase of the Hg0initial concentration. The solution initial pH and pH conditioning agent have a remarkable synergistic effect. The highest Hg0 removal efficiencies are achieved at the UV light power of 36W, H2O2 initial concentration of 0.125 mol/L, Hg0initial concentration of 25.3 μg/Nm3, solution initial pH of 5, H2O2 solution volume of 600 ml, respectively. In addition,the O2 percentage has little effect on the Hg0 removal efficiency. This study is beneficial for the potential practical application of Hg0 removal from coal-fired flue gas with UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation process.