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        Combined treatments of chitosan and sodium silicate to inhibit Alternaria alternata pathogens of postharvest winter jujube

        Jingru Zhang,Xiaowen Cheng,Lulu Chang,Lele Zhang,Shaoying Zhang 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.4

        Alternaria alternata is a pathogenic fungus thatinfects jujube fruit and leads to serious economic losses. Inthis paper, the antifungal activity of chitosan combinedwith sodium silicate against A. alternata in vitro andin vivo was investigated, and the possible antimicrobialmechanisms were explored. Results showed that the sporegermination and colony expansion of A. alternata weresignificantly inhibited by chitosan. Chitosan treatmentinduced the leakages of intercellular electrolytes, nucleicacids, and soluble protein of A. alternata. Meanwhile,chitosan damaged the cell morphology and membraneintegrity of A. alternata. The combination of chitosan andsodium silicate was more effective than chitosan alone. Inaddition, the effect of chitosan and sodium silicate couldsignificantly decrease natural rot rate and delay lesionexpansion of winter jujube. Collectively, chitosan combinedwith sodium silicate had the potential to controlpostharvest diseases of fruit caused by A. alternata.

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        Salt-Free and Alkali-Free Fixing Method of Wool Fabric Dyeing in Non-Aqueous Media Dyeing System

        Liujun Pei,Jingyuan Yi,Jingru Chen,Wenhua Shi,Wenzhao Cao,Hongjuan Zhang,Jiping Wang 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.1

        Non-aqueous media dyeing is an important water-saving and salt-free dyeing technology in the textile dyeing industry. In thisinvestigation, a salt-free and alkaline-free dyeing technology was developed for wool fabrics. After padding with reactivedye solution, wool fabric was fixed in a non-aqueous medium at 90 °C for 90 s. After washing, the fixation of reactive dyecan achieve more than 98% in a salt-free and alkali-free dyeing environment. The effect of fixing method on the physicalproperties of wool fabrics was analyzed by TGA, DSC, and XRD. Compared with steam and cold batch fixing method, thefixing process in non-aqueous medium has little effect on the mechanical properties of wool fabrics. The final decompositiontemperature of wool fabric dyed with non-aqueous medium was about 46 °C, which was higher than that of the fabric samplesdyed by other methods. Moreover, the crystallinity of wool fiber was increased after non-aqueous fixation process. And nonaqueousmedium had no influence on the surface morphology of wool fabrics. For non-aqueous medium and steaming fixingmethods, there were only hydrolyzed dyes, but some hetero-bifunctional dyes were detected in the cold batching system,indicating that reactive dyes could effectively react with wool fibers in non-aqueous medium and steaming fixing system.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        Selection of Reliable Reference Genes for Real-time qRT-PCR Analysis of Zi Geese (Anser anser domestica) Gene Expression

        Ji, Hong,Wang, Jianfa,Liu, Juxiong,Guo, Jingru,Wang, Zhongwei,Zhang, Xu,Guo, Li,Yang, Huanmin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.3

        Zi geese (Anser anser domestica) belong to the white geese and are excellent layers with a superior feed-to-egg conversion ratio. Quantitative gene expression analysis, such as Real-time qRT-PCR, will provide a good understanding of ovarian function during egg-laying and consequently improve egg production. However, we still don't know what reference genes in geese, which show stable expression, should be used for such quantitative analysis. In order to reveal such reference genes, the stability of seven genes were tested in five tissues of Zi geese. Methodology/Principal Findings: The relative transcription levels of genes encoding hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase 1 (HPRT1), ${\beta}$-actin (ACTB), ${\beta}$-tubulin (TUB), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GADPH), succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein (SDH), 28S rRNA (28S) and 18S rRNA (18S) have been quantified in heart, liver, kidney, muscle and ovary in Zi geese respectively at different developmental stages (1 d, 2, 4, 6 and 8 months). The expression stability of these genes was analyzed using geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper software. Conclusions: The expression of 28S in heart, GAPDH in liver and ovary, ACTB in kidney and HPRT1 in muscle are the most stable genes as identified by the three different analysis methods. Thus, these genes are recommended for use as candidate reference genes to compare mRNA transcription in various developmental stages of geese.

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