Effects of feeding different levels of dietary corn silage on growth performance, rumen fermentation and bacterial community of post-weaning dairy calves

Li Lingyan,Qu Jiachen,Zhu Huan,Liu Yuqin,Wu Jianhao,Shao Guang,Guan Xianchao,Qu Yongli 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.2

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance, rumen fermentation parameters and bacterial community of post-weaning dairy calves in response to five diets varying in corn silage (CS) inclusion.Methods: A total of forty Holstein weaned bull calves (80±3 days of age;128.2±5.03 kg at study initiation) were randomized into five groups (8 calves/group) with each receiving one of five dietary treatments offered as total mixed ration in a 123-d feeding study. Dietary treatments were control diet (CON; 0% CS dry matter [DM]); Treatment 1 (T1; 27.2% CS DM); Treatment 2 (T2; 46.5% CS DM); Treatment 3 (T3; 54.8% CS DM); and Treatment 4 (T4; 67.2% CS DM) with all diets balanced for similar protein and energy concentration.Results: Results showed that calves offered CS had greater average daily gain, body length and chest depth growth, meanwhile altered rumen fermentation indicated by decreased rumen acetate concentrations. Principal coordinate analysis showed the rumen bacterial community structure was affected by varying CS inclusion diets. <i>Bacteroidetes</i> and <i>Firmicutes</i> were the predominant bacterial phyla in the calf rumens across all treatments. At the genus level, the abundance of <i>Bacteroidales_RF16_group</i> was increased, whereas <i>Unclassified_ Lachnospiraceae</i> was decreased for calves fed CS. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlation test between the rumen bacteria and rumen fermentation parameters indicated that <i>Bacteroidales_RF16_group</i> and <i>Unclassified Lachnospiraceae</i> were positively correlated with propionate and acetate, respectively.Conclusion: The results of the current study suggested that diet CS inclusion was beneficial for post-weaning dairy calf growth, with 27.2% to 46.5% CS of diet DM recommended to achieve improved growth performance. <i>Bacteroidales_RF16_group</i> and <i>Unclassified Lachnospiraceae</i> play an important role in the rumen fermentation pattern for post-weaning calves fed CS.

Upregulation of adiponectin by Ginsenoside Rb1 contributes to amelioration of hepatic steatosis induced by high fat diet

Yaru Li,Shuchen Zhang,Ziwei Zhu,Ruonan Zhou,Pingyuan Xu,Lingyan Zhou,Yue Kan,Jiao Li,Juan Zhao,Penghua Fang,Xizhong Yu,Wenbin Shang 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.4

Background: Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) is capable of regulating lipid and glucose metabolism through itsaction on adipocytes. However, the beneficial role of GRb1-induced up-regulation of adiponectin in liversteatosis remains unelucidated. Thus, we tested whether GRb1 ameliorates liver steatosis and insulinresistance by promoting the expression of adiponectin. Methods: 3T3-L1 adipocytes and hepatocytes were used to investigate GRb1's action on adiponectinexpression and triglyceride (TG) accumulation. Wild type (WT) mice and adiponectin knockout (KO)mice fed high fat diet were treated with GRb1 for 2 weeks. Hepatic fat accumulation and function as wellas insulin sensitivity was measured. The activation of AMPK was also detected in the liver andhepatocytes. Results: GRb1 reversed the reduction of adiponectin secretion in adipocytes. The conditioned medium(CM) from adipocytes treated with GRb1 reduced TG accumulation in hepatocytes, which was partlyattenuated by the adiponectin antibody. In the KO mice, the GRb1-induced significant decrease of TGcontent, ALT and AST was blocked by the deletion of adiponectin. The elevations of GRb1-induced insulinsensitivity indicated by OGTT, ITT and HOMA-IR were also weakened in the KO mice. The CM treatmentsignificantly enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK in hepatocytes, but not GRb1 treatment. Likewise,the phosphorylation of AMPK in liver of the WT mice was increased by GRb1, but not in the KO mice. Conclusions: The up-regulation of adiponectin by GRb1 contributes to the amelioration of liver steatosisand insulin resistance, which further elucidates a new mechanism underlying the beneficial effects ofGRb1 on obesity

Tool life evaluation of CFRP drilling with three kinds of drill

Xinyi Qiu,Pengnan Li,Changping Li,Qiulin Niu,Shujian Li,Tae Jo Ko,Lingyan Tang 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.7

Serious tool wear in CFRP drilling is one of the key problems to be solved urgently. Firstly, a suitable indirect evaluation index of tool life is selected according to the literature. The critical delamination force was obtained by blind hole pushing experiment. Then, tool wear experiments were carried out with double point angle drill, stepped drill and reverse edge compound drill to analyze the variation rules of the thrust force, exit burr, exit delamination and tear with tool wear. Threshold values of exit delamination, tearing and critical thrust force were compared with each evaluation index one by one to study the causes of drills failure. The results indicated that the maximum tool wear position was the outer corner. Among the three types drills, the thrust force, delamination factor and burr angle of the reverse edge compound drill are smaller. The double point angle drill fails due to the excessive thrust force, while the stepped drill and the reverse edge compound drill fail due to the hole exit delamination exceeding the threshold. The number of drilled holes of the reverse edge compound drill is 100 % and 25 % higher than that of the double point angle drill and the stepped drill, respectively. Therefore, the reverse edge compound drill is suitable for drilling CFRP.

Efficiency Aimed Optimization of Two-stage Coal Gasification Generated Syngas Reforming into SNG and DME Process Using Aspen Plus

Lingyan Deng,Li-Hua Xu(하려화),Hyung-Taek Kim(김형택) 한국에너지기후변화학회 2015 한국에너지기후변화학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.11

A multilevel analysis of the effects of disciplinary climate strength on student reading performance

Siwen Guo,Lingyan Li,Danhui Zhang 서울대학교 교육연구소 2018 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.19 No.1

Climate strength was first conceptualised in the organisational psychology literature as the within-group agreement on the perceptions of climate. In contrast to the deep study of climate level, climate strength has not been clarified by school climate research. The purpose of this cross-cultural study is to identify the main effect of disciplinary climate strength on student reading performance, and its moderating effect on the relationship between disciplinary climate level and student reading performance. A multilevel analysis was conducted on 2009 data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) from Shanghai-China, Japan, and the United States (US). The result showed a significantly positive relationship between climate strength and student reading performance in Shanghai-China and the US. Moreover, a moderating effect of climate strength was found in Shanghai-China and the US. The effects of climate strength were further examined in strong and weak conditions. School-level predictors of climate strength were also examined. The differences in disciplinary climate strengths and their effects on student reading performance suggested some culture differences in these countries/areas.

Molecular Analyses of the Metallothionein Gene Family in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Zhou, Gongke,Xu, Yufeng,Li, Ji,Yang, Lingyan,Liu, Jin-Yuan Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2006 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.39 No.5

Metallothioneins are a group of low molecular mass and cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins, ubiquitously found in most living organisms. They play an important role in maintaining intracellular metal homeostasis, eliminating metal toxification and protecting against intracellular oxidative damages. Analysis of complete rice genome sequences revealed eleven genes encoding putative metallothionein (OsMT), indicating that OsMTs constitute a small gene family in rice. Expression profiling revealed that each member of the OsMT gene family differs not only in sequence but also in their tissue expression patterns, suggesting that these isoforms may have different functions they perform in specific tissues. On the basis of OsMT structural and phylogenetic analysis, the OsMT family was classified as two classes and class I was subdivided into four types. Additionally, in this paper we also present a complete overview of this family, describing the gene structure, genome localization, upstream regulatory element, and exon/intron organization of each member in order to provide valuable insight into this OsMT gene family.

Wideband Lamb wave analysis based on continuous wavelet transform

Shi, Lihua,Wang, Xinwei,Li, Gang,Zhang, Lingyan Techno-Press 2005 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.1 No.3

In Lamb wave detection of damages in smart structures, the excitation pulse is usually designed as a narrow band burst wave for the convenience of analysis and recognition. However, the wideband excitation can excite more modes in plate/shell structure and thus provides extra information for changes of the structure. This paper presents a method that can extract information in wideband Lamb wave signals. By transforming the detected signals into various sub-frequency band, the measured signal can be converted to its equivalences of narrow band excitations, therefore, the information in different frequency bands can be acquired from a single test and in the same time the complicity of wideband signal can be simplified. Some test results are provided to verify this method.

Research on Problems And Countermeasures of Sports Teaching Practice in Children

Zhang Junxiao(张,君孝),Li Liqiang(李利强),Zhang Lingyan(张,灵,燕) 아시아사회과학학회 2022 International Science Research Vol.2 No.1

健康是儿童发展的保障,幼儿体育是实现儿童健康的重要途经。随着“健康中国”战略将幼儿作为健康关注的重点人群之一,幼儿体育迎来的新的发展机遇。但由于轻视幼儿体育活动、体育发展目标与评价单一以及教师的过渡主导与幼儿的主体性不足,当前我国幼儿体育存在系统性不足、低质、低效等问题。优化幼儿体育教学应寓学于身,重新审视幼儿体育教学的外延价值;完善的幼儿体育发展目标,构建促进幼儿全面发展的测评体系;联手学前专业与体育教育专业,共建幼儿体育专业人才联合培养机制。 Health is the guarantee of children s development, and infant sports is an important way to realize children s health. As the healthy China strategy takes children as one of the key groups of health concern, children s sports usher in a new development opportunity. However, due to the neglect of children s sports activities, the single goal and evaluation of sports development and the lack of teachers transition leading and children s subjectivity, there are systematic deficiencies, low quality, low efficiency and other problems in China s children s sports. To optimize children s physical education teaching, we should combine learning in the body and re-examine the extension value of children s physical education teaching. Perfect the goal of children s sports development, and build an evaluation system to promote children s all-round development; Cooperate with preschool major and physical education major to build a joint training mechanism for sports professionals in early childhood.

Effects of constant versus fl uctuating red–blue LED radiation on yield and quality of hydroponic purple-leaf lettuce

Mingjie Shao,Wenke Liu,Lingyan Zha,Chengbo Zhou,Yubin Zhang,Baoshi Li 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.6

This study investigated the eff ects of constant light and alternating relatively high-intensity (500 μmol m −2 s −1 ) and lowintensity(150 μmol m −2 s −1 ) red–blue LEDs (4R:1B) on the biomass production and quality of hydroponic purple-leaf lettuce( Lactuca sativa L. cv. ‘Zishan’) in an environmentally controlled plant factory. Four treatments were set up to separate1 h of high light into four diff erent alternating frequencies in a 24-h light−dark cycle (16/8 h): one time (A1), three times(A3), six times (A6), and twelve times (A12). In addition, one constant light treatment with the same daily light integral(DLI, 9.8 mol m −2 per day) as other treatments was set as the control (CK, 170 μmol m −2 s −1 ). The results indicated thatA6 signifi cantly reduced shoot fresh weight and increased the root–shoot ratio of lettuce compared with CK, but there wasno signifi cant diff erence among other treatments. Alternating light treatments did not promote the accumulation of solublesugar, soluble protein, and phenolic substances compared with CK. Meanwhile, A12 signifi cantly promoted the accumulationof total ascorbate (TA) in lettuce leaves compared with other treatments but decreased ascorbate/TA ratio. Above all, underthe same DLI condition, alternating high and low light did not have obvious positive eff ects on biomass production and theaccumulation of nutrient substance in lettuce under constant light was better than that under alternating light. Therefore,compared with the fl uctuating radiation with the same DLI, constant radiation is a better choice for lettuce production.

Contribution of Electrical–Thermal Aging to Slot Partial Discharge Properties of HV Motor Windings

Ailiang Kang,Muqin Tian,Jiancheng Song,Lingyan Lin,Wei Li,Zhipeng Lei 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.3

During the operation of HV motor, the abrasion of stator windings because of vibration caused by electromagnetic force will lead to slot partial discharge (PD). Furthermore, the superheat induced by overcurrent or poor heat dissipation will aggravate the slot PD. To understand the developing process of slot PD and comprehend the infl uences of aging factors on slot PD properties, two discharge bar models were made under electrical–thermal aging. At triple the rated line-to-earth voltage of 6 kV, two stator bars were aged for 37 days under diff erent temperatures. The slot PD was measured during diff erent aging stages, and visual observations of the insulation and stator core surface were made at the beginning and the end of aging. The experiment results indicate that electrical–thermal aging has a signifi cant impact on the slot PD activities. The slot PD was intense under higher thermal stress, and the surfaces of insulation and stator core were oxidized after the long-time aging. This study can provide a judging basis for fault diagnosis of HV motors.