국가예방접종전산등록체계 개발을 위한 민간의료 기관 하부구조 및 환경 조사연구

이무식,김은영,이건세,이석구,홍지영,김건엽,김대경,신의철,이연경,기몽서,나백주,김영택 한국모자보건학회 2003 한국모자보건학회지 Vol.7 No.2

도장작업시 유해인자들의 노출수준과 작업환경관리실태

이세기,문덕환,이채관,황용식,선병관,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objectives: For the purpose of preparing the fundamental data and assessing the status of exposure level of chemical substances in painting process. Methods and Materials: The author determined the concentration of organic solvents, lead(Pb), Chromium(Cr), and Toluene-2, 4-diisocyanate(TDI) in air of painting process to 90 industries classified by 15 types of manufacturing industry during a period from Jan. 1st 2001 to Dec. 31st 2001. Results: The results were as follows: 1. The geometric mean level of each chemical substance was 0.1706 ppm for exposure index in organic solvents, 0.0019㎎/㎥ for Pb, 0.0024 ㎎/㎥ for Cr, and 0.0004ppm for TDI, respectively. 2. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of painting was the highest in dipping and brush painting for organic solvent, in spray-painting for TDI, and in spray gun-painting for Pb and Cr, respectively. 3. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of local ventilation equipment was higher in enclosed and booth type for organic solvents. Cr, and TDI, and in exterior type for Pb, respectively than those of other types. 4. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of hazardous material arresting media was higher in using water for organic substances, in using bag filter for Pb, TDI, respectively than those of other types. Conclusion: According to above results, this study suggests that the exposure level by type of industry exceeded the exposure level in wooden furniture and metal furniture manufacturing industry for organic solvents and Pb, respectively.

학습장애 진단과 판별 : 불일치 기준의 문제점과 교과별 기초학습기능의 역할 Problems of the Discrepancy Criterion and Roles of Content - Specific Basic Academic Skills

이대식 한국정서학습장애아교육학회 2001 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.17 No.2

Screening students with learning disabilities (LD) is important, not only for theoretical development in the area, but for the development of effective treatments for them. Although not a small number of students with LD has been reported, theory and practice in the area seems not so much to be impressive, which arguably due to problematic diagnosing and screening practices. The IQ-achievement discrepancy criterion has many problems in terms of measurement theories. Most of all, IQ is not a reliable predictor of academic achievement within a particular subject. According to recent research, content-specific basic academic learning skills, such as phonemic awareness skills, can confidently predict achievement within a particular subject. Four-step's LD screening procedures were suggested: identifying low achieving students using CBM tests, administrating large-scale standardized tests, excluding low achieving students with other reasons than learning disabilities, and identifying content-specific learning problems associated with difficulties with basic learning skills. At least one thing must be reminded at all times in the process of screening LD; testing and diagnosing is only second to providing instruction to at risk students.

EEFL 구동을 위한 디지털 인버터

이대식 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2010 情報通信硏究 Vol.7 No.1

디스플레이 장치로서 가장 각광을 받고 있는 TFT-LCD는 자체 발광을 하지 않으므로 추가적인 광원을 요구하고 있다. 이를 BLU(Back light unit)이라 한다. 본 논문에서는 BLU로 사용되는 많은 광원 중 장수명, 고효율 및 고휘도의 특성을 가지는 EEFL에 대하여 다룬다. EEFL은 기존의 CCFL에 비하여 가격, 균일한 휘도 유지 등의 많은 장점을 가지므로 TFT-LCD의 BLU로 채택되어 사용되고 있다. 그러나 기존의 EEFL 구동용 인버터는 아날로그 방식을 취하고 있으므로 제어에 있어서 한계를 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 EEFL 구동을 위한 디지털 방식의 인버터를 개발하고자 한다. Recently, external electrode fluorescent lamp(EEFL) has been introduced as a BLU for the TFT-LCD. EEFLs have a long lifetime and high efficiency. But EEFLs are operated in a high voltage and high frequency mode because the lamp lightening basically a dielectric barrier discharge. This paper presented the digital inverter for driving the EEFL. The cost of BLU is reduced by the digital inverter to 30[%].

적분항이 첨가된 비선형슬라이딩 면을 갖는 BLDC모타의 위치제어

李大植 慶一大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.9 No.1

This paper presents a integral-augmental nonlinear sliding surface without a reaching phase. The conventional linear sliding surface has reaching phase, and sliding mode can't realized during this phase, the trajectories may be sensitive to the load disturbances. The proposed algorithm does not have reaching phase, so robust to the load disturbances.

세포질내 정자주입법(ICSI)에 있어서 정자흡입 및 난자내 주입방법에 관한 연구

이택후,김항진,송건호,김대근,전상식,박윤규,서태광,전병균,류은경,이은숙,문진수,김광철 경북대학교 의학연구소 2000 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Study on Method of Sperm Aspiration and Injection into an Oocyte in Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection(ICSI) Immobilization of spermatozoa prior to intracytoplasmic sperm iniection(ICSI) sometimes results in crooked tail and this makes it difficult to aspirate sperm into an injection pipette tail first. Head-first sperm aspiration into an injection pipette avoid this problem due to the bigger size of the sperm head. The effect of head or tail-first sperm injection into an oocyte on fertilization cleavage, percentage of grade I embryos and development to blastocyst stage in ICSI program has been studied. A single living immobilized spermatozoa from oligoasthenozoospermic patient was injected into an oocyte head-first or tail-first according to the treatment. Eighteen hours after microinjection, oocytes ware inspected for survival and fertilization Fertilized oocytes with two pronuclei were cultured in 30μl drop of mHTF supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated follicular fluid(FF) at 37℃. On day 2. embryo transfer was performed with cleaved embryos. The remaining 2-8 cell stage embryos were co-cultured with BRL cells in mHTF + 10% FF for 72 hours and the developmental stage was observed. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance. A total of 164 oocytes from 36 cycles were assigned to earth treatment and ICSI was performed(88 head-first, tail-first). The rates of normal fertilization were 81.8% and 76.3% for head-first and tail-first, respectively. Of the fertilized oocytes, the percentage of cleaved embryos and the percentage of grade 1 embryo among cleaved embryos were 88.9% and 68.8%, 93.1% and 74.1% for head-first and tail-first, respectively. Of the 2-8 cell embryos cultured, 44.4%(16/36) and 50.0%(10/20) for head first and tail first, respectively developed to blastocyst stage. There were no differences in fertilization, cleavage, rates of grade 1 embryos, and development to blastocyst stage. In conclusion, head-first or tail-first sperm injection into an oocyte in ICSI program does not affect fertilization and subsequent embryo development to blastocyst stage in vitro.

부산지역 환경관련 제조업의 산업연관분석

이대식,김경필 釜山大學校 商科大學 2001 釜山商大論集 Vol.72 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the industrial importance of the environment industry in Pusan through regional input-output analysis. In the absence of the consensus on the definition and scope of environment industry and related data, this research inevitably focuses on environmental manufacturing industry. There are various techniques in converting the coefficients of a national table to those of a regional table. Among them, it is said that RAS procedure is most widely used method. So that method is adopted also in this research. The regional table can be obtained through 360 iterative adjustments of rows and columns by using GAUSS program. The empirical findings of this research show that among the manufacturing industries in Pusan environmental manufacturing industry has relatively strong backward linkage effect and the weakest forward linkage effect. From the above findings, if the demands for environmental industry in Pusan can be created by government policies, we can infer that the growth of other industries as well as environmental industry can be expected.

흰쥐 침샘의 Nitric Oxide Synthase에 관한 면역전자현미경적 연구

이영환,고정식,박대균,박경호 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.3

산화질소는 생물체내에서 생리적이나 병리학적으로 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려져 있으며, 특히 침샘조직에서 침분비작용과 샘혈류 조절에 중요한 인자의 하나로 관여함이 알려져 있다. 산화질소합성효소 (nitric oxide synthase, NOS)는 동위효소로서 내피산화질소합성효소 (endothelial NOS, eNOS), 신경산화질소합성 효소 (neuronal NOS, nNOS)와 유도산화질소합성효소 (inducible NOS, iNOS)가 있으며, 세포내에서 내인성산화질소를 합성한다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 산화질소합성효소의 세포내 분포에 관한 전자현미경적 연구는 매우 드물며, 흰쥐 침샘에서의 산화질소생산효소(NOS)에 대한 전자현미경적 연구는 없었다. 흰쥐 침샘에서 NOS의 세포내 분포를 규명하기 위하여 면역전자현미경방법을 이용한 금입자표지법을 시행하여 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. eNOS에 양성 면역반응을 보이는 구조는 침샘의 분비세포 중장액세포에 있는 전자밀도가 높은 분비과립이었으며, 점액분비세포의 점액분비과립에서는 비교적 약한 면역반응성이 관찰되었다. 즉 턱밑샘과 혀밑샘을 구성하고 있는 두 종류의 분비세포 중장액세포의 분비과립에 금입자가 비교적 많이 표지되었으며, 점액세포의 분비과립에서는 적은 수의 금입자가 관찰되었고, 침샘의 소엽속관(intralobular duct)의 전자밀도가 높은 분비과립에서도 금입자가 표지된 것이 관찰되었다. 귀밑샘에서도 장액세포의 분비과립과 소엽속관의 분비과립에 금입자가 표지되었다. nNOS의 양성 면역반응은 턱밑샘에서 점액세포의 분비과립에서만 약간의 금입자가 관찰되었으며, 턱밑샘, 혀밑샘 및 귀밑샘의 분비세포와 분비관세포에서는 iNOS에 대한 양성 면역반응이 관찰되지 않았다. 흰쥐 침샘에서 산화질소합성효소 중 eNOS는 침샘분비세포의 분비과립에 존재하며, 특히 전자밀도가 높은 장액성분비과립에 주로 분포하고 있으며, 분비관 중에서 소엽속관에도 분포하고 있는 것이 관찰되었으나, 다른 동위효소인 nNOS와 iNOS는 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 산화질소합성효소가 흰쥐 침샘분비세포의 분비과립과 소엽속관의 분비과립에 분포하고 있는 것으로 보아 침샘에서 산화질소가 침의 생산과 분비에 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것으로 생각된다. Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) has been known to regulate many physiological and pathological processes, especially the glandular secretion and blood flow. However, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) responsible for NO synthesis has not been well studied ultrastructurally in rat salivary gland. The present study was performed to investigate the distribution of nitric oxide synthase isoforms (endothelial, neuronal, and inducible NOS). Immunoelectron microscopic study, using monoclonal mouse anti-endothelial NOS, anti-neuronal NOS, and anti-inducible NOS, was performed in the salivary gland of rat. Endothelial NOS (eNOS)-positive immunoreactivities were most prominent in the secretory granules of serous cells of the salivary gland of the rat. Immunoreactivities were well concentrated on serous secretory granules in the serous cells. However, weak eNOS-positive immunoreactivity was observed in the mucous secretory granules of the mucous cells. Positive endothelial NOS (eNOS) immunoreactivities were most prominent in the secretory granules of intralobular ducts. Ductal secretory granules and acinar serous secretory granules have a similar pattern of labeling as eNOS suggestings. Neural NOS (nNOS)-positive immunoreactivity was not detected in duct systems or in acinar cells. Inducible NOS (iNOS)-positive immunoreactivity was not seen in acinar and ductal cells. These results reveal the presence of eNOS in the salivary gland of the rat, which may be related with regulation of the glandular secretion and blood flow through the gland.

EEFL용 인버터 구동 시스템에 관한 연구

이대식 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2012 情報通信硏究 Vol.9 No.1

본 논문에서는 LCD-TV의 백라이트 유닛으로 사용되고 있는 EEFL의 인버터 설계에 대하여 다룬 다. EEFL은 기존의 CCFL에 비하여 가격, 균일한 휘도 유지 등의 많은 장점을 가지므로 TFT-LCD 의 BLU로 채택되어 사용되고 있다. 이와 같은 EEFL의 원활한 제어를 위하여 인버터 구동 방식으로는 Full-bridge 방식을 사용하였으며, 안정된 방전특성, 균일한 휘도특성, 효율 및 수명의 관점에서 최적의 동작형태인 Double Transformer Center Balancing 방식으로 구성하였다. 또한 PWM Dimming 방식을 사용하므로 인하여 휘도의 정밀제어와 다양한 환경에 적응할 수 있도록 설계하였다. Design and implementation method of external electrode fluorescent lamp(EEFL) inverter is presented in this paper. The EEFL has been introduced as a BLU for the TFT-LCD. The EEFL has a long lifetime and high efficiency. But the EEFL is operated in a high voltage and high frequency mode because the lamp lightening basically a dielectric barrier discharge. The EEfl inverter use the Full-bridge and Double Transformer Center Balancing method for precision control.

저가의 고압 위상제어기에 대한 연구

이대식 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2011 情報通信硏究 Vol.8 No.1

유도전동기 구동 시스템은 다양한 제어 방식이 있다. 제어 방식의 선정에는 정밀도와 기능 및 가격이 일반적으로 중요한 요소들이다. 고정밀도를 요구하는 구동 시스템인 경우 VVVF(Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) 방식을 많이 사용하나 고가이므로 단순 제어용으로는 적절하지가 않다. 고정된 인가 주파수에서 전압의 크기를 조정하는 전동기의 속도제어는 인가하는 교류전원을 조정하는 방식인 위상 제어방식이 가장 편리하고 용이하다. 본 논문에서는 정밀제어를 요하지 않는 고압대용량의 펌프, 팬, 컨베이어 등 단순분야에 응용할 수 있는 저가의 고압 위상 제어기기의 연구를 목표로 한다. Induction Motor Drive system has various control systems. Generally, accuracy, functions and cost are the important elements to consider when selecting a control system. In a case of using driving system which utilize high-precision, VVVF(Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) method is used, but it is not widely used due to high cost. This paper researches low cost high-voltage phase angle control system that can be applied to low-cost such as pump, fan, conveyor which do not require precision control.