High-Yield Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Gold Nano-octahedra

Li, Cuncheng,Shuford, Kevin&#x2005,L.,Park, Q.-Han,Cai, Weiping,Li, Yue,Lee, Eun&#x2005,Je,Cho, Sung&#x2005,Oh WILEY-VCH Verlag 2007 Angewandte Chemie Vol.46 No.18

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Pieces of eight: Single-crystalline Au nano-octahedra with well-defined shape and tunable size can be synthesized by a modified polyol process. The octahedral Au nanocrystals have sharp corners and display optical properties that are sensitive to the crystal sizes and the truncation of the tips. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2007-46-18-ANIE200604167-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2007-46-18-ANIE200604167-content'> </P>

Building Asian climate change scenario by multi‐regional climate models ensemble. Part II: mean precipitation

Li, Qian,Wang, Shuyu,Lee, Dong&#x2010,Kyou,Tang, Jianping,Niu, Xiaorui,Hui, Pinhong,Gutowski Jr., William J.,Dairaku, Koji,McGregor, John L.,Katzfey, Jack,Gao, Xuejie,Wu, Jia,Hong, Song&#x2010,You,Wan Wiley 2016 International journal of climatology Vol.36 No.13

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Under the framework of an project ‘Building Asian Climate Change Scenarios by Multi‐Regional Climate Models Ensemble’, the ability of eight regional climate models and two fine‐resolution global climate models to reproduce late 20th century (1981–2000) precipitation climatology is assessed. Future precipitation change (2041–2060) under the A1B scenario is also quantified by applying four different ensemble methods: equal weighting, weighted mean (WM), reliability ensemble averaging (REA) and performance‐based ensemble averaging, after applying fourfold cross‐validation using observation and multi‐model‐simulated precipitation. The results indicate that the ensemble of simulated precipitation outperforms any single RCM in many aspects. Among the four ensemble approaches, the WM and REA methods show better skill in improving the simulation results, and are used for ensemble prediction of regional climate in Asia. Under the A1B scenario, the WM method estimates future precipitation change of approximately 0.2 mm day<SUP>−1</SUP> with less precipitation in northern and western China and northern India, and more precipitation in most other areas in Asia. The future annual precipitation will decrease by 0.1‐0.5 mm day<SUP>−1</SUP> in northern India, Pakistan and the central area of southern China. No significant change is found over eastern Kazakhstan, Mongolia, north‐central and western China.</P>

Magnetic Study of Heavily Mn-doped CuO Thin Films

L. Li,B. Lv,J. Z. Cai,W. Q. Zou,X. S. Wu,F. M. Zhang 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.10

Cu0.7Mn0.3O films were deposited by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition and annealed in different atmospheres. The XRD diffraction results indicate that samples annealed in air and N2 both show pure CuO phases, while the film annealed in O2 has a secondary phase CuMn2O4. The content of Mn was confirmed by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The M-T and M-H curves show that the average magnetic moment of the films prepared in O2 is larger than those prepared in air and in N2 atmosphere. Ferromagnetic segments Mn-O-Cu-O-Mn can be used to understand the ferromagnetism of CuO under heavily Mn-doping. And the magnetic moment per Mn ions calculated on the base of this chain model is consistent with the experimental result.

Kinetically Blocked Stable Heptazethrene and Octazethrene: Closed-Shell or Open-Shell in the Ground State?

Li, Yuan,Heng, Wee-Kuan,Lee, Byung Sun,Aratani, Naoki,Zafra, Jose&#x301,L.,Bao, Nina,Lee, Richmond,Sung, Young Mo,Sun, Zhe,Huang, Kuo-Wei,Webster, Richard D.,Lo&#x301,pez Navarrete, Juan T.,Kim, Dongh American Chemical Society 2012 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.134 No.36

<P>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with an open-shell singlet biradical ground state are of fundamental interest and have potential applications in materials science. However, the inherent high reactivity makes their synthesis and characterization very challenging. In this work, a convenient synthetic route was developed to synthesize two kinetically blocked heptazethrene (<B>HZ-TIPS</B>) and octazethrene (<B>OZ-TIPS</B>) compounds with good stability. Their ground-state electronic structures were systematically investigated by a combination of different experimental methods, including steady-state and transient absorption spectroscopy, variable temperature NMR, electron spin resonance (ESR), superconducting quantum interfering device (SQUID), FT Raman, and X-ray crystallographic analysis, assisted by unrestricted symmetry-broken density functional theory (DFT) calculations. All these demonstrated that the heptazethrene derivative <B>HZ-TIPS</B> has a closed-shell ground state while its octazethrene analogue <B>OZ-TIPS</B> with a smaller energy gap exists as an open-shell singlet biradical with a large measured biradical character (<I>y</I> = 0.56). Large two-photon absorption (TPA) cross sections (σ<SUP>(2)</SUP>) were determined for <B>HZ-TIPS</B> (σ<SUP>(2)</SUP><SUB>max</SUB> = 920 GM at 1250 nm) and <B>OZ-TIPS</B> (σ<SUP>(2)</SUP><SUB>max</SUB> = 1200 GM at 1250 nm). In addition, <B>HZ-TIPS</B> and <B>OZ-TIPS</B> show a closely stacked 1D polymer chain in single crystals.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2012/jacsat.2012.134.issue-36/ja304618v/production/images/medium/ja-2012-04618v_0015.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja304618v'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Upgraded Silicon Nanowires by Metal‐Assisted Etching of Metallurgical Silicon: A New Route to Nanostructured Solar‐Grade Silicon

Li, Xiaopeng,Xiao, Yanjun,Bang, Jin Ho,Lausch, Dominik,Meyer, Sylke,Miclea, Paul&#x2010,Tiberiu,Jung, Jin&#x2010,Young,Schweizer, Stefan L.,Lee, Jung&#x2010,Ho,Wehrspohn, Ralf B. WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.25 No.23

<P><B>Through metal‐assisted chemical etching (MaCE), superior purification of dirty Si is observed</B>, from 99.74 to 99.9884% for metallurgical Si and from 99.999772 to 99.999899% for upgraded metallurgical Si. In addition, large area of silicon nanowires (SiNW) are fabricated. The purification effect induces a ∼35% increase in photocurrent for SiNW based photoelectrochemical cell.</P>

<i>Swift</i>,<i>XMM</i>-<i>Newton</i>, and<i>NuSTAR</i>Observations of PSR J2032+4127/MT91 213

Li, K. L.,Kong, A. K. H.,Tam, P. H. T.,Hou, X.,Takata, J.,Hui, and C. Y. American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.843 No.2

<P>We report our recent Swift, NuSTAR, and XMM-Newton X-ray and Lijiang optical observations on PSR J2032 + 4127/MT91 213, the gamma-ray binary candidate with a period of 45-50 years. The coming periastron of the system was predicted to be in 2017 November, around which high-energy flares from keV to TeV are expected. Recent studies with Chandra and Swift X-ray observations taken in 2015/2016 showed that its X-ray emission has been brighter by a factors of similar to 10 than that before 2013, probably revealing some ongoing activities between the pulsar wind and the stellar wind. Our new Swift/XRT lightcurve shows no strong evidence of a single vigorous brightening trend, but rather several strong X-ray flares on weekly to monthly timescales with a slowly brightening baseline, namely the low state. The NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations taken during the flaring and the low states, respectively, show a denser environment and a softer power-law index during the flaring state, implying that the pulsar wind interacted with the stronger stellar winds of the companion to produce the flares. These precursors would be crucial in studying the predicted giant outburst from this extreme gamma-ray binary during the periastron passage in late 2017.</P>

Effect of Corticosterone Administration on Small Intestinal Weight and Expression of Small Intestinal Nutrient Transporter mRNA of Broiler Chickens

Hu, X.F.,Guo, Yuming,Huang, B.Y.,Zhang, L.B.,Bun, S.,Liu, D.,Long, F.Y.,Li, J.H.,Yang, X.,Jiao, P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.2

The effects of corticosterone (CORT) administration on the weight of small intestine and the expression of nutrient transporter mRNA in the small intestine of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were investigated. One hundred and eight sevenday-old birds were randomly divided into two equal groups comprising a control group (CTRL) and an experimental group (CORT). CTRL birds were fed a basal diet and the CORT birds were fed a basal diet containing 30 mg corticosterone/kg from d 8 to 21. At 21 d of age, average daily feed intake (ADFI), serum corticosterone level, small intestinal absolute wet weight and relative weight, and relative abundance of SGLT1, CaBP-D28k, PepT1 mRNA in the duodenum and L-FABP mRNA in the jejunum were determined. The results showed that serum corticosterone level, liver weight and small intestinal relative weight (small intestinal wet weight/body weight) of CORT chickens were about 30.15%, 26.72% and 42.20% higher, respectively, than in the CTRL group (p<0.05). CORT birds had relative mRNA abundance of CaBP-D28k and PepT1 in the duodenum, and L-FABP in the jejunum which was 1.77, 1.37 and 1.94 fold higher, respectively, than in the CTRL group (p<0.05); the relative abundance of SGLT1 was 1.67 fold higher than in the CTRL group (p = 0.097). ADFI, small intestinal wet weight and length in CORT-treated broiler chickens was about 29.11%, 31.12% and 12.35% lower, respectively, than in the CTRL group (p<0.05). In conclusion, corticosterone administration lowered the wet weight but increased the relative weight of the small intestine and the expression of intestinal nutrient transporter mRNA of broiler chickens.

Effect of night light regimen on growth performance, antioxidant status and health of broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age

R.X. Zhao,C.H. Cai,P. Wang,L. Zheng,J.S. Wang,K.X. Li,W. Liu,X.Y. Guo,X. A. Zhan,K.Y. Wang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.6

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of night light regimen on growth performance, antioxidant status and health of Lingnan Yellow broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age. Methods: A completely randomized factorial design involved 2 photoperiods (constant lighting [CL], 24 L:0 D and intermittent lighting [INL], 17 L:3 D:1 L:3 D)×2 light intensities (10 lx and 30 lx). A total of one thousand six hundred and eighty 1-d-old Lingnan Yellow broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates (70 birds per replicate). The experiment lasted for 21 d. Results: Photoperiods and light intensities had no effect on average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and mortality of the broiler chickens (p>0.05). The INL had a significant effect on average daily feed intake (p<0.05) of broiler chickens compared with CL. Photoperiod and light intensity had an interactive effect on melatonin (MT) concentration (p<0.05). At CL, reducing light intensity increased MT concentration; INL birds had higher MT but MT concentration was not affected by light intensity. There was an interactive effect on glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) in serum and total antioxidant capability (T-AOC) in liver between photoperiod and light intensity. With the decrease of light intensity, the activities of GPx and CAT in serum and T-AOC in liver increased in CL group (p<0.05). Broiler chickens reared under INL had better antioxidant status and 10 lx treatments had higher activities of CAT in serum than 30 lx (p<0.05). Different photoperiods and light intensities had no effect on malondialdehyde. There was an interaction between photoperiod and light intensity on serum creatine kinase (CK) concentration (p<0.05). At CL, the elevated light intensity resulted in an increase in CK content; INL birds had lower CK concentration especially in low light intensity group. Besides, INL and low light intensity significantly reduced the concentration of serum corticosterone and heat shock protein 70 (p<0.05). Serum immunoglobulin M contents were increased in broiler chickens reared under the INL compared with CL group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Results above suggest that the night light regimen of INL and 10 lx could be beneficial to the broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age due to the better health status and electricity savings.

Polymorphism of Ghrelin Gene in Twelve Chinese Indigenous Chicken Breeds and Its Relationship with Chicken Growth Traits

C. C. Li,K. Li,J. Li,D. L. Mo,R. F. Xu,G. H. Chen,Y. Z. Qiangba,S. L. Ji,X. H. Tang,B. Fan,M. J. Zhu,T. A. Xiong,X. Guan,B. Liu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.2

A 2,656 bp fragment of chicken ghrelin gene was cloned and SNPs were detected by PCR-RFLP and Allele Specific PCR (ASP) in 12 Chinese indigenous chicken breeds and a commercial chicken population. The results showed that there were 23 base variations and an amino acid change (Gln->Arg) in cloned chicken ghrelin gene. Three SNPs were confirmed in 13 populations and associations between this gene and growth traits of Tibetan chicken (TC) and Recessive White chicken (RW) were investigated. The results of haplotype analysis revealed that 26 haplotype genotypes were composed of eight haplotypes. The results of x2 tests indicated that there were significant differences between genotypes or haplotype genotype frequencies in some of the breeds or sexes at 0.05 or 0.01 levels. The results of ANOVA revealed that there were significant differences between genotypes or haplotype genotypes on some growth traits of TC and RW chicken breeds at 0.05 or 0.01 levels. Multiple comparisons showed that there were significant associations between genotype CT at site 71 and some growth traits of two chicken breeds and between genotype AG at site 1,215 and body weight at 16 wk of two chicken breeds, and there was a significant association between haplotype genotype CAA/CAG and body weight and shank girth at 16 wk of two chicken breeds.

Spectral tomographic analysis of Bremsstrahlung X-rays generated in a laser-produced plasma

Rhee, Y.J.,Nam, S.M.,Peebles, J.,Sawada, H.,Wei, M.,Vaisseau, X.,Sasaki, T.,Giuffrida, L.,Hulin, S.,Vauzour, B.,Santos, J.J.,Batani, D.,McLean, H.S.,Patel, P.K.,Li, Y.T.,Yuan, D.W.,Zhang, K.,Zhong, J. Cambridge University Press 2016 Laser and particle beams Vol.34 No.4

<B>Abstract</B><P>A new approach is proposed to analyze Bremsstrahlung X-rays that are emitted from laser-produced plasmas (LPP) and are measured by a stack type spectrometer. This new method is based on a spectral tomographic reconstruction concept with the variational principle for optimization, without referring to the electron energy distribution of a plasma. This approach is applied to the analysis of some experimental data obtained at a few major laser facilities to demonstrate the applicability of the method. Slope temperatures of X-rays from LPP are determined with a two-temperature model, showing different spectral characteristics of X-rays depending on laser properties used in the experiments.</P>