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Impact of Zinc Stress on Biochemical and Biophysical Parameters in Coffea Arabica Seedlings
Jacqueline Oliveira dos Santos,Cinthia Aparecida Andrade,Kamila Rezende Dázio de Souza,Meline de Oliveira Santos,Isabel Rodrigues Brandão,Jose Donizeti Alves,Iasminy Silva Santos 한국작물학회 2019 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3
Zinc is an essential micronutrient for the healthy development of plants, since its insufficient and supraoptimal doses can disrupt the metabolism and biomass production. We aimed to investigate the physiological responses of coffee seedlings to Zn deficiency and excess. Six-month-old seedlings were transferred to plastic pots containing a nutrient solution. The treatments were control (0.03 ppm), zinc deficiency (0.00 ppm), and zinc excess (0.12 ppm). The evaluations were performed in leaves and roots at the beginning of the treatments and after 30 and 60 d of treatments. Zn deficiency and excess increased the production of hydrogen peroxide, antioxidant enzymes activity, ascorbate, and lipid peroxidation contents. The imbalance in zinc nutrition reduced total chlorophyll content and increased carotenoids content throughout the experimental period. Lower biomass and proline accumulation were observed only for deficient seedlings at the end of the experiment. The characteristics analyzed showed that zinc deficiency caused greater damage to the Coffea arabica plants of (Catuai cultivar) than zinc excess.
Santos, G.T.,Lima, L.S.,Schogor, A.L.B.,Romero, J.V.,De Marchi, F.E.,Grande, P.A.,Santos, N.W.,Kazama, R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.8
The effects of feeding pelleted citrus pulp (PCP) as a natural antioxidant source on the performance and milk quality of dairy cows fed highly polyunsaturated fatty acid (FA) diets were evaluated. Four lactating Holstein cows were assigned to a $4{\times}4$ Latinsquare. Treatments, on a dry matter (DM) basis, were i) control diet; ii) 3% soybean oil; iii) 3% soybean oil and 9% PCP and; iv) 3% soybean oil and 18% PCP. When cows fed on citrus pulp, the DM intake tended to decrease. The total tract apparent digestibility of DM and ether extract decreased when cows fed on the control diet compared to other diets. Cows fed PCP had higher polyphenols and flavonoids content and higher total ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in milk compared to those fed no pelleted citrus pulp. Cows fed 18% PCP showed higher monounsaturated FA and lower saturated FA in milk fat compared with cows fed the other diets. The lowest n-6 FA proportion was in milk fat from cows fed control. The present study suggests that pelleted citrus pulp added to 9% to 18% DM increases total polyphenols and flavonoids concentration, and the FRAP in milk.
Santos, Inê,s C.,Smuts, Jonathan,Choi, Woo-Sik,Kim, Younghoon,Kim, Seoung Bum,Schug, Kevin A. Elsevier 2018 Talanta Vol.182 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The identification of microorganisms is very important in different fields and alternative methods are necessary for a rapid and simple identification. The use of fatty acids for bacterial identification is gaining attention as phenotypic characteristics are reflective of the genotype and are more easily analyzed. In this work, gas chromatography-vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy (GC-VUV) was used to determine bacteria fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), to identify and discriminate different environmental bacteria based on their fatty acid profile. Microorganisms were grown in agar and their fatty acids extracted, saponified, and esterified before analysis. Unique FAME profiles were obtained for each microorganism mainly composed of branched, cyclopropane, hydroxy, saturated, and unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters. <I>S. maltophilia</I> showed a higher diversity of fatty acids while <I>Bacillus</I> species showed higher complexity in terms of branched-chain FAMEs, with several <I>iso</I> and <I>anteiso</I> forms. 12 different bacteria genera and 15 species were successfully differentiated based on their fatty acid profiles after performing PCA and cluster analysis. Some difficult to differentiate species, such as <I>Bacillus</I> sp., which are genetically very similar, were differentiated with the developed method.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> GC-VUV of FAMEs can effectively differentiate a wide range of environmental bacteria. </LI> <LI> A fast method for FAMEs is featured; chromatographic resolution can be sacrificed for spectral resolution. </LI> <LI> Multivariate statistical methods indicate high classification accuracy. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Santos Ingrid Garcia,Ramos de Faria Fernanda,da Silva Campos Marcio José,de Barros Beatriz Álvares Cabral,Rabelo Gustavo Davi,Devito Karina Lopes 대한영상치의학회 2023 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.53 No.2
Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the fractal dimension, lacunarity, trabecular microarchitecture parameters, and cortical linear measurements in the mandibles of male and female individuals to identify differences between them. Materials and Methods: In total, 116 cone-beam computed tomography scans of healthy individuals of different ages (57 men and 59 women, aged between 20 and 60 years) were selected. The following bone parameters were measured: 1) buccal, lingual, and basal cortical bone thickness in 5 standard parasagittal sections (the midline, the left and right sides of the lower lateral incisors, and the left and right sides of the lower canines); 2) the bone volume fraction of 10 sequential axial sections from each patient by creating a volume of interest in the area between the lower canines; and 3) fractal dimension and lacunarity using grayscale images of the same region of the volume of interest in the anterior mandible. Spearman correlation coefficients and the Mann-Whitney test were used. Results: A significant and positive correlation was found between age and cortical thickness, especially in the region of the central incisors. Significant differences between sexes in terms of fractal dimension, lacunarity, and bone volume were found. Women revealed lower fractal dimension values and higher lacunarity and bone volume ratio values than men. Conclusion: Fractal dimension, lacunarity, trabecular bone volume, and cortical thickness were different between men and women of different ages.
( Santos Ebinuma valeria Carvalho ),( Maria Francisca Simas Teixeira ),( Adalberto Pessoa Jr ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.6
This work aims at investigating the production of yellow, orange, and red natural colorants in a submerged culture of Penicillium purpurogenum DPUA 1275. For this purpose, different experimental conditions evaluating the effect of incubation time, type and size of in℃ulum, and different carbon and nitrogen sources were performed. Furthermore, the growth kinetics were obtained in the conditions of 108 spores/ml and 5 mycelia agar discs during 360 h. These experiments showed that 5 mycelia agar discs and 336 h promoted the highest yellow (3.08 UA400nm), orange (1.44 UA470nm), and red (2.27 UA490nm) colorants production. Moreover, sucrose and yeast extract were the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for natural colorants production. Thus, the present study shows a new source of natural colorants, which can be used as an alternative to others available in the market after toxicological studies.
DIFFUSION OF MAGNETIC FIELD AND REMOVAL OF MAGNETIC FLUX FROM CLOUDS VIA TURBULENT RECONNECTION
Santos-Lima, R.,Lazarian, A.,de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M.,Cho, J. IOP Publishing 2010 The Astrophysical journal Vol.714 No.1
<P>The diffusion of astrophysical magnetic fields in conducting fluids in the presence of turbulence depends on whether magnetic fields can change their topology via reconnection in highly conducting media. Recent progress in understanding fast magnetic reconnection in the presence of turbulence reassures that the magnetic field behavior in computer simulations and turbulent astrophysical environments is similar, as far as magnetic reconnection is concerned. This makes it meaningful to perform MHD simulations of turbulent flows in order to understand the diffusion of magnetic field in astrophysical environments. Our studies of magnetic field diffusion in turbulent medium reveal interesting new phenomena. First of all, our three-dimensional MHD simulations initiated with anti-correlating magnetic field and gaseous density exhibit at later times a de-correlation of the magnetic field and density, which corresponds well to the observations of the interstellar media. While earlier studies stressed the role of either ambipolar diffusion or time-dependent turbulent fluctuations for de-correlating magnetic field and density, we get the effect of permanent de-correlation with one fluid code, i.e., without invoking ambipolar diffusion. In addition, in the presence of gravity and turbulence, our three-dimensional simulations show the decrease of the magnetic flux-to-mass ratio as the gaseous density at the center of the gravitational potential increases. We observe this effect both in the situations when we start with equilibrium distributions of gas and magnetic field and when we follow the evolution of collapsing dynamically unstable configurations. Thus, the process of turbulent magnetic field removal should be applicable both to quasi-static subcritical molecular clouds and cores and violently collapsing supercritical entities. The increase of the gravitational potential as well as the magnetization of the gas increases the segregation of the mass and magnetic flux in the saturated final state of the simulations, supporting the notion that the reconnection-enabled diffusivity relaxes the magnetic field + gas system in the gravitational field to its minimal energy state. This effect is expected to play an important role in star formation, from its initial stages of concentrating interstellar gas to the final stages of the accretion to the forming protostar. In addition, we benchmark our codes by studying the heat transfer in magnetized compressible fluids and confirm the high rates of turbulent advection of heat obtained in an earlier study.</P>