Enhanced strength and ductility in particulate-reinforced aluminum matrix composites fabricated by flake powder metallurgy

Kai, X.Z.,Li, Z.Q.,Fan, G.L.,Guo, Q.,Xiong, D.B.,Zhang, W.L.,Su, Y.S.,Lu, W.J.,Moon, W.J.,Zhang, D. Elsevier Sequoia 2013 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.587 No.-

Reinforcement agglomeration always leads to severe stress concentration and porosity, which is detrimental to the deformation ability and mechanical properties of particulate-reinforced metal matrix composites. In this study, uniform distribution of 32vol%B<SUB>4</SUB>C has been achieved in B<SUB>4</SUB>C/Al composite by means of flake powder metallurgy (Flake PM), in which flake Al powder is used as the starting material. The flake Al powder exhibits higher apparent volume than spherical powders of the same mass, and thus can provide more space to accommodate the B<SUB>4</SUB>C particles. Therefore, compared with conventional PM, Flake PM can lead to more uniform distribution of B<SUB>4</SUB>C particles in the composite powder as well as in the consolidated composite. Meanwhile, the flake Al powder has a nano skin of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, which could be fractured and dispersed inside the fine matrix grains during consolidation, and were found to induce a higher normalized strain hardening rate for the composite during deformation. As a result, the Flake PM 32vol%B<SUB>4</SUB>C/Al composite exhibits an ultimate tensile strength of 305MPa and a uniform elongation of 6.6%, 63% stronger and 13% more ductile than its counterpart fabricated by conventional PM.

Investigation of PCR-RFLPs within Major Histocompatibility Complex B-G Genes Using Two Restriction Enzymes in Eight Breeds of Chinese Indigenous Chickens

R. F. Xu,K. Li,G. H. Chen,B. Y. Z. Qiang,D. L. Mo,B. Fan,C. C. Li,M. Yu,M. J. Zhu,T. A. Xiong,B. Liu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.7

New polymorphism of major histocompatibility complex B-G genes was investigated by amplification and digestion of a 401bp fragment including intron 1 and exon 2 using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) technique with two restriction enzymes of Msp I and Tas I in eight breeds of Chinese indigenous chickens and one exotic breed. In the fragment region of the gene, three novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected at the two restriction sites. We found the transition of two nucleotides of A294G and T295C occurred at Tas I restriction site, and consequently led to a nonsynonymous substitution of asparagine into serine at position 54 within the deduced amino acid sequence of immunoglobulin variableregion- like domain encoded by the exon 2 of B-G gene. It was observed at rare frequency that a single mutation of A294G occurring at the site, also caused an identical substitution of amino acid, asparagine 54-to-serine, to that we described previously. And the transversion of G319C at Msp I site led to a non-synonymous substitution, glutamine 62-to-histidine. The new alleles and allele frequencies identified by the PCR-RFLP method with the two enzymes were characterized, of which the allele A and B frequencies at Msp I and Tas I loci were given disequilibrium distribution either in the eight Chinese local breeds or in the exotic breed. By comparison, allele A at Msp I locus tended to be dominant, while, the allele B at Tas I locus tended to be dominant in all of the breeds analyzed. In Tibetan chickens, the preliminary association analysis revealed that no significant difference was observed between the different genotypes identified at the Msp I and Tas I loci and the laying performance traits, respectively.

Integrated Analysis of Transcriptomes of Cancer Cell Lines and Patient Samples Reveals STK11/LKB1–Driven Regulation of cAMP Phosphodiesterase-4D

He, Ningning,Kim, Nayoung,Song, Mee,Park, Choa,Kim, Somin,Park, Eun Young,Yim, Hwa Young,Kim, Kyunga,Park, Jong Hoon,Kim, Keun Il,Zhang, Fan,Mills, Gordon B.,Yoon, Sukjoon American Association for Cancer Research 2014 Molecular cancer therapeutics Vol.13 No.10

<P>The recent proliferation of data on large collections of well-characterized cancer cell lines linked to therapeutic drug responses has made it possible to identify lineage- and mutation-specific transcriptional markers that can help optimize implementation of anticancer agents. Here, we leverage these resources to systematically investigate the presence of mutation-specific transcription markers in a wide variety of cancer lineages and genotypes. Sensitivity and specificity of potential transcriptional biomarkers were simultaneously analyzed in 19 cell lineages grouped into 228 categories based on the mutational genotypes of 12 cancer-related genes. Among a total of 1,455 category-specific expression patterns, the expression of cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D (PDE4D) with 11 isoforms, one of the PDE4(A-D) subfamilies, was predicted to be regulated by a mutant form of serine/threonine kinase 11 (<I>STK11</I>)/liver kinase B1 (<I>LKB1</I>) present in lung cancer. STK11/LKB1 is the primary upstream kinase of adenine monophosphate–activated protein kinase (AMPK). Subsequently, we found that the knockdown of <I>PDE4D</I> gene expression inhibited proliferation of <I>STK11</I>-mutated lung cancer lines. Furthermore, challenge with a panel of PDE4-specific inhibitors was shown to selectively reduce the growth of <I>STK11</I>-mutated lung cancer lines. Thus, we show that multidimensional analysis of a well-characterized large-scale panel of cancer cell lines provides unprecedented opportunities for the identification of unexpected oncogenic mechanisms and mutation-specific drug targets. <I>Mol Cancer Ther; 13(10); 2463–73. ©2014 AACR</I>.</P>

Effect of Genotype on Whole-body and Intestinal Metabolic Response to Monensin in Mice

Fan, Y.K.,Croom, W.J.,Daniel, Linda,McBride, B.W.,Koci, M.,Havenstein, G.B.,Eisen, E.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.4

Two lines of mice, M16 selected for rapid growth and a randomly selected control ICR as well as their reciprocal crosses were used to study the effects of genotype on whole-body energetics and intestinal responses to monensin. Six mice, eight weeks of age, from each line or reciprocal cross were assigned to one of two treatments, 1) drinking water containing 20 mmol/L monensin dissolved in 0.5% V/V ethanol, and 2) drinking water containing 0.5% V/V ethanol (control) for two weeks. After 11 days (age of 9 weeks and 4 days), whole-body $O_2$ consumption was measured. At the end of two weeks, jejunal $O_2$ consumption, intestinal tissue composition and histomorphometrics as well as the rate and efficiency of glucose absorption were estimated. In comparison with the control, monensin administration in drinking water resulted in less daily water intake (13.4 vs. 15.5 ml/mouse, p<0.01), less protein to DNA ratio of jejunal mucosa (5.41 vs. 6.01 mg/mg, p<0.05), lower villus width (88 vs. $100{\mu}m$, p<0.05), and less jejunal tissue $O_2$ consumption enhancement by alcohol (7.2 vs. 10.5%, p<0.01) in mice. Other than those changes, monensin had little (p>0.05) effect on variables measured in either line of mice or their reciprocal cross. In contrast, the M16 line, selected for rapid growth, as compared to the ICR controls or the reciprocal crosses, had less initial (pre-monensin treatment) whole-body $O_2$ consumption per gram of body weight (1.68 vs. $2.11-2.34{\mu}mol/min{\cdot}g$ BW, p<0.01) as compared to the ICR and reciprocal crosses. In addition, the M16 mice exhibited greater growth (412 vs. 137-210 mg/d, p<0.05), better feed efficiency (41.7 vs. 19.9-29.3 mg gain/g feed, p<0.05), shorter small intestines adjusted for fasted body weight (1.00 vs. 1.22-1.44 cm/g FBW, p<0.05), wider villi (109 vs. $87-93{\mu}m$, p<0.05), more mature height of enterocytes (28.8 vs. $24.4-25.1{\mu}m$, p<0.05) and a lower rate (91 vs. $133-145{\eta}mol\;glucose/min{\cdot}g$ jejunum, p<0.05) and less energetic efficiency (95 vs. $59-72{\eta}mol$ ATP expended/${\eta}mol$ glucose uptake, p<0.05) of glucose absorption compared to the ICR line and the reciprocal cross. Monensin had little (p>0.05) effect on whole-body $O_2$ consumption and jejunal function, whilst selection for rapid growth resulted in an apparent down-regulation of intestinal function. These data suggest that genetic selection for increased growth does not result in concomitant changes in intestinal function. This asynchrony in the selection for production traits and intestinal function may hinder full phenotypic expression of genotypic growth potential.

Systematic analysis of genotype‐specific drug responses in cancer

Kim, Nayoung,He, Ningning,Kim, Changsik,Zhang, Fan,Lu, Yiling,Yu, Qinghua,Stemke‐,Hale, Katherine,Greshock, Joel,Wooster, Richard,Yoon, Sukjoon,Mills, Gordon B Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.131 No.10

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A systematic understanding of genotype‐specific sensitivity or resistance to anticancer agents is required to provide improved patient therapy. The availability of an expansive panel of annotated cancer cell lines enables comparative surveys of associations between genotypes and compounds of various target classes. Thus, one can better predict the optimal treatment for a specific tumor. Here, we present a statistical framework, cell line enrichment analysis (CLEA), to associate the response of anticancer agents with major cancer genotypes. Multilevel omics data, including transcriptome, proteome and phosphatome data, were integrated with drug data based on the genotypic classification of cancer cell lines. The results reproduced known patterns of compound sensitivity associated with particular genotypes. In addition, this approach reveals multiple unexpected associations between compounds and mutational genotypes. The mutational genotypes led to unique protein activation and gene expression signatures, which provided a mechanistic understanding of their functional effects. Furthermore, CLEA maps revealed interconnections between TP53 mutations and other mutations in the context of drug responses. The TP53 mutational status appears to play a dominant role in determining clustering patterns of gene and protein expression profiles for major cancer genotypes. This study provides a framework for the integrative analysis of mutations, drug responses and omics data in cancers.</P>

Individual-breed Assignment Analysis in Swine Populations by Using Microsatellite Markers

Fan, B.,Chen, Y.Z.,Moran, C.,Zhao, S.H,Liu, B.,Yu, M.,Zhu, M.J.,Xiong, T.A.,Li, K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.11

Individual-breed assignments were implemented in six swine populations using twenty six microsatellites recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization and the International Society for Animal Genetics (FAO-ISAG). Most microsatellites exhibited high polymorphisms as shown by the number of alleles and the polymorphism information content. The assignment accuracy per locus obtained by using the Bayesian method ranged from 33.33% (CGA) to 68.47% (S0068), and the accumulated assignment accuracy of the top ten loci combination added up to 96.40%. The assignment power of microsatellites based on the Bayesian method had positive correlations with the number of alleles and the gene differential coefficient ($G_{st}$) per locus, while it has no relationship to genetic heterozygosity, polymorphism information content per locus and the exclusion probabilities under case II and case III. The percentage of corrected assignment was highest for the Bayesian method, followed by the gene frequency and distancebased methods. The assignment efficiency of microsatellites rose with increase in the number of loci used, and it can reach 98% when using a ten-locus combination. This indicated that such a set of ten microsatellites is sufficient for breed verification purposes.

Effect of interfacial wavy motion on film boiling heat transfer from isothermal downward-facing hemispheres

Kim, Chan Soo,Suh, Kune Y.,Rempe, Joy L.,Cheung, Fan B.,Kim, Sang B. Elsevier 2005 Nuclear engineering and design Vol.235 No.20

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Film boiling heat transfer coefficients for a downward-facing hemispherical surface are measured from the quenching tests in Downward-Boiling Experiment Laminar Transition Apparatus (DELTA). Two test sections are made of copper to maintain low Biot numbers. The outer diameters of the hemispheres are 120 and 294mm, respectively. The thickness of all the test sections is 30mm. The effect of diameter on film boiling heat transfer is quantified utilizing results obtained from the test sections. The measured data are compared with the numerical predictions from laminar film boiling analysis. The measured heat transfer coefficients are found to be greater than those predicted by the conventional laminar flow theory on account of the interfacial wavy motion incurred by the Helmholtz instability. Incorporation of the wavy motion model considerably improves the agreement between the experimental and numerical results in terms of heat transfer coefficient. In addition, the film boiling was visualized using a digital camera.</P>

Fabrication of p-Type Nitrogen-Doped MgZnO by Depressing N-Related Donors

B. Yao,Z. P. Wei,Y. F. Li,D. Z. Shen,Y. M. Lu,Z. Z. Zhang,B. H. Li,C. J. Zheng,X. H. Wang,J. Y. Zhang,D. X. Zhao,X. W. Fan,Z. K. Tang 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.5

Wurtzite nitrogen-doped MgZnO (MgZnO:N) films were grown on c-plane sapphire by using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy with radical NO as the oxygen source and nitrogen dopant. P-type conduction of MgZnO:N was obtained by decreasing the donor defects ((N2)O, VO, etc.) through annealing, revealing a hole concentration of 6.1 × 1017 cm−3 and a mobility of 6.42 cm2/Vs. Furthermore, as-grown p-type films with a hole concentration of 1 × 1017 cm−3 and a mobility of 3 cm2/Vs were obtained by decreasing the (N2)O double donor defect through control of the plasma conditions. ZnMgO:N/ZnO p-n junctions were obtained by using these p-type films. ode-like, rectifying I-V characteristics with a threshold voltage of about 5 V and a different reverse leakage current were observed at room temperature.

FeBCCu Amorphous Alloys with High Saturated Magnetic Flux Density Over 1.82T

X. D. Fan,F. L. Kong,A. D. Wang,H. Men,A. B. Ma,B. L. Shen,A. Makino,A. Inoue 한국자기학회 2010 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.2010 No.12

Porous Al2O3 catalyst carrier by 3D additive manufacturing for syngas reforming

N.C. Fan,Y.Y. Chen,K.Y. Chen,W.C.J. Wei,B. H. Liu,A.B. Wang,R. C. Luo 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2017 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.18 No.9

A disk-shaped ceramic catalyst made by 3D printing (3DP) is used to reform syngas. We select two Al2O3 powders (α- andhigh-surface-area θ-Al2O3) and polymeric binders for preparing the 3DP feedstock. Catalyst stacked Al2O3 disks are made bykneading the polymers with ceramic powders and extruding to produce filaments, which are melted and used for 3D additivemanufacturing (AM). The processing parameters (sequence of addition, viscosity of the feedstock, etc.), the phasetransformation of the θ-powder, and catalytic properties of the made carrier are examined. The made alumina disks weredensified to a relative density (RD) of 40% −65%. Two porous disks were coated with catalyst NiO and CeO2, and used toreform syngas made from waste paper. The best case reforms the CH4 content in the syngas from 25.7% down to 0.15% orlower. The reformed gaseous fuel is suitable for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).