통근교통 수단선택에 대한 연구

임채문,권강훈,구경남 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 1999 科學技術硏究 Vol.5 No.5

The growth of auto ownership which was resulted by a rapid growth of economy and population caused a terrible transportation problem. This problem will not be improved by the supply of transportation facility. These days, it is natural for every foreign country to give a priority to the public transportation. Namely, it is necessary that the policy for travellers to attract from auto to public transportation is needed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find a basic idea for attracting auto users to public transportation. This study is largely divided into 3 parts. First, a travel mode choice model was estimated by using which is all the sample. Second, the mode choice models were estimated with the market segmentation divided by residential and work location. Third, the policy analysis was performed by using the estimated model.

高X線 吸收유리에 있어서 BaO, SrO의 含量變化가 液相溫度에 미치는 影響

李卿喜,梁在翊,金德文,姜元浩 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1987 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.6 No.2

The liquidus temperature was observed according to the change of content BaO 6 W/O ~ 12W/O and SrO 1 W/O~4W/O in R₂O-PbO-Al₂O₃- (BaO+SrO+SiO₂) glass system. The liquidus temperature varied between 810°C ~ 950°C in these glasses. The effect of BaO & SrO content to the liquidus temperature of the glasses are as follows. 1. The variation of the liquidus temperature were remarkable by the content of SrO in the range of BaO contents from 6 W/O to 8 W/O. 2. The minimum liquidus temperature is located at the composition of BaO 8 W/O SrO 4 W/O SiO₂ 68 W/O.

조대술에 의한 하마종의 치료

강동균,황경문,김은정,김현정,김영진,남순현 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

하마종은 구강저에 발생하는 점액 남종으로 주로 설하선과 관련된다. 즉, 하마종은 설하선 분비도관의 파열로 인하여 타액이 분비도관에서 빠져나와 주위의 연조직 내에 저류됨으로써 발생하는 가성 낭으로 정의 되며, 원인은 설하선 도관의 파열이나 폐색이다. 하마종의 임상소견은 청색의 투명한 종창이 구강저의 소대를 중심으로 편측으로 발생하며, 무통성이며, 촉진시 파동성을 나타낸다. 조직소견은 결합 조직 내 와동이 형성되지만, 낭 벽은 상피세포가 아닌 육아조직으로 구성되는 가성 낭을 관찰할 수 있다. 하마종의 첫 번째 치료법으로는 하마종의 내벽이 구강점막의 일부가 되도록 만들어 주는 조대술을 고려할 수 있다. 본 증례는 특징적인 하마종의 임상소견을 보이는 환아에게 gauze-packing등을 동반한 조대술을 이용하여 치료한 증례로써 양호한 치료결과를 보여 보고하고자 한다. Ranula is a mucocele which occurs at the mouth floor and mostly related to sublingual gland. In other words ranula is definded as a pseudocyst which occurs as the secretion duct of sublingual gland is destructed there as the saliva from the the secretion duct flows out and retention in the soft tissue. The cause of ranula is destruction or obstruction of the duct. The clinical findings of ranula is a painless, unilateral bluish transparent swelling around the frenum and shows fluctuation when palpated. Histological finding represent a formation of cavity inside the connective tissue. but a pseudo-cyst can be seen which the wall of the cyst is composed of granulation tissue rather than epithelial cells. The first treatment of ranula can be considered as marsupialization. which induces the inner wall of the Ranula to be a part of oral mucosa. This case report shows a treatment of marsupialization with gauze packing in a young patient representing a clinical finding of characteristic ranula.

슬관절 등속성 운동시 근골격 모델의 검증:실험 및 모의실험 연구 : 실험 및 모의실험 연구 An Experimental and Simulatio study

배태수,강성재,최경주,김신기,유재욱,진미령,문무성 대한정형외과연구학회 2003 대한정형외과연구학회지 Vol.6 No.2

복어중독에 의한 가사 상태에서 소생한 1예

송승찬,신진호,강석우,박경남,최호순,박근태,문희식,기춘석,이성희,윤병철,노우균,조균석,이민호 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.3

Tetrodotoxin is a neurotoxin produced by about 90 species of puffer fish and causes paralysis of central nervous system and peripheral nerves by blocking the movement of all monovalent cation. Ingestion of tetrodotoxin produces clinical manifestations such as paresthesias(within 10-45 min), vomiting, lightheadedness, salivation, muscle twitching, dysphagia, difficulty in speaking, convulsion and death that expressed by cardiopulmonary arrest with loss of brain stem reflex sometimes. Tetrodotoxin prevents or delays ischemia induced neuronal death by way of following 3 mechanisms. Firstly, it reduces the energy demand of the brain tissues. Secondly, it delays or even prevents anoxic depolarization. Finally, it deminishes ischemia induced cell swelling and cerebral edema. We report a case of puffer fish poisoning which presented with cardiopulmonary arrest and loss of brain stem reflex, but completely recovered by aggressive cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

낭종 적출후 악골 결손부 치유에 관한 동종골 이식 효과에 관한 연구

이동근,박화규,권경환,강문정,신기영,민승기,성헌모 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1999 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.21 No.4

This study was aimed to suggest to better treatment method of jaw cyst that the maximum diameter was wider than 3cm, using different treatment and clinical and radiographic result. We divided the 60 patients into three groups, group A(20 patients) were treated with cyst enucleation and Decalcified Freeze-Dried Allogeneic Bone(DFDB) graft, group B(20 patients) were treated with cyst enucleation and autogenous bone graft, group C(20 patients) were treated with only cyst enucleation. Each group was evaluated with panramic radiograph and clinical sign & symptom at pre-op and post-op(immediate, 6, 12, 24, 36 month). Bone density was evaluated with disital densitometer. The result was as follows : 1. Post-Op infection was higher in group C(4 pts.) than in group A(1 pt.) and B(1 pt.) 2. Post-Op gingival recession was higher in group C(3 Pts.) than in group A(1 pt.) and B(1 pt.) 3. Anatomic distortion was higher in group C(3 Pt.) than in group A(1 Pt.), and B(1 pt.) 4. reoperation was done in two patients who were in group C 5. There were donor site morbidity in two patients 6. there was no significant difference between group A and B in their bony density in their follow up period(p>0.05). 7. There were significant differences between group A, B and group C in their bony density until post-op 24 months but a little differences at post-op 36 months(P<0.01)

The Results of Curative Radiotherapy for Carcinoma of Uterine cervix

강기문,유미령,장지영,서태석,윤세철,박용휘,신경섭,남궁성은,김승조,Kang Ki Mun,Ryu Mi Ryeong,Chang Gee Young,Suh Tae Suk,Yoon Sei Chul,Bahk Yong Whee,Shinn Kyung Sub,Namkoong Sung Eun,Kim Seung Jo The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 1993 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.11 No.1

가톨릭의과대학 강남성모병원 치료방사선과에서 1983년 3월부터 1989년 10월까지 79개월 동안에 자궁경부암으로 근치적 방사선치료를 받았던 135명의 환자들 중에서 추적이 가능하였던 120명의 환자들을 대상으로 치료결과및 예후에 영향을 미치는 인자에 대하여 후향적 분석을 하였다. 방사선 단독으로 치료한 환자는 78명이었고 유도 화학요법을 방사선 치료전에 시행한 환자는 42명이었다. 대상 환자들의 추적 조사기간은,2개월에서 106개월이었고 중간 추적조사 기간은 62개월이었다. 환자들의 나이는 32세부터 79세까지의 분포를 보였다(중앙값, 59세). FIGO 병기별 분류에 의하면, IB 기가 20명 ($16.7{\%}$), IIA 기가 19명 ($15.8{\%}$), IIB기가 49명 ($40.8{\%}$), IIIA 기가 5명 ($4.2{\%}$), IIIB기가 13명 ($10.8{\%}$), IVA 기가 14명 ($11.7{\%}$)이었다. 전체환자의 5년 생존율은 $50.8{\%}$였다. 병기별 5년 생존율은 IB 기가 $47.7{\%}$ IIA 기가 $70.2{\%}$, IIB 기가 $64.1{\%}$, IIIA 기가 $40.0{\%}$, IIIB 기가 $23.1{\%}$, IVA 기가 $14.3{\%}$였다. 치료방법에 따른 5년 생존율은 방사선 단독으로 치료한 환자가 $51.2{\%}$였고, 유도화학요법을 방사선 치료전에 시행한 환자는 $54.0{\%}$였다. 치료후 재발은 22명 ($18.3{\%}$,)에서 관찰되었고, 이중 14명 ($11.7{\%}$)에서 국소재발이, 7명 ($5.8{\%}$)에서 원격전이가, 1명 ($0.8{\%}$)에서 국소재발과 원격전이가 함께 발생하였다. 그리고, 치료에 의한 합병증은 41명 ($34.2{\%}$)에서 관찰되었으며 9명 ($7.5{\%}$)에서 습낙설, 8명 ($7.5{\%}$)에서 설사, 7명 ($5.8{\%}$)에서 방사선 직장염의 순으로 발생하였다. 예후와 관련된 생존율에 영향을 주었던 인자로는 나이 (p<0.0291), 병기(p<0.0001), 전신상태(p<0.0041), 초기 혈색소 수치 (p<0.0001), 강내 조사(p<0.0004)였고, 조직학적 소견(p<0.29), 유도 화학요법과의 병행치료(p<0.87)는 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았다. This is a retrospective analysis of 135 patients with invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with curative radiotherapy from March 1983 through October 1989 at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Kang-Nam 51. Mary's Hospital. Among them, 78 patients received radiotherapy alone and 42 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and 15 patients were lost to follow up. All patients had follow up from 2 to 106 months (median; 62 months). Age of the patients ranged from 32 to 79 years at presentation (median; 59 years). According to FIGO classification, there were 20 ($16.7{\%}$) in stage IB, 19 ($15.8{\%}$) in stage IIA,49 ($40.8{\%}$) in stage IIB, 5 ($4.2{\%}$) in stage IIIA, 13 ($10.8{\%}$,) in stage IIIB,14 ($11.7{\%}$) in stage IVA. The pathological classification showed 96 ($80.0{\%}$) squamous cell carcinomas, 5 ($4.2{\%}$) adenocarcinomas and 19 ($15.8{\%}$) proven by cytology. The overall 5-year survival rates was $50.8{\%}$, and the 5-year survival rates by stage IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA was $47.7{\%},\;70.2{\%},\;64.1{\%},\;40.0{\%},\;23.1{\%},\;14.3{\%}$, respectively. The 5-year survival rates was noted $51.2{\%}$ of radiotherapy alone and $50.4{\%}$of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. The overall failure rate was $18.3{\%}$(22/120) including $11.7{\%}$ (14/120) locoregional failure, $5.8{\%}$ (7/120) distant metastasis and $0.8{\%}$(1/120) locoregional failure with distant metastasis. Treatment failure rates by the stages were $15{\%}$ (3/20) in stage IB. $10.5{\%}$ (2/19) in stage IIA, $10.2{\%}$, (5/49) in stage IIB, $20{\%}$ (1/5) in stage IIIA, $61.5{\%}$(8/13) in stage IIB, and $28.6{\%}$ (4/14) in stage IVA. The overall complication rate was $34.2{\%}$(41/120) including wet desquamation $7.5{\%}$, (9/120), diarrhea $6.7{\%}(8/120), radiation proctitis $5.8{\%}$(7/120) in decreasing order. A multivariate analysis of factors influencing the survival showed patient age (p < 0.0291), FIGO stage (p<0.0001), Karnofsky performance status (p<0.0043), initial hemoglobin level (p<0.0001), and intracavitary radiation (p<0.0004), but, no significancy in histology (p<0.29) and treatment method (p < 0.87).

The Results of Curative Radiotherapy for Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix

Ryu, Ryeong,Chang, Gee Young,Namkong, Sung Eun,Bahk, Yong Whee,Shinn, Kyung Sub,Kim, Seung Jo,Suh, Tae Suk,Yoon, Sei Chul,Kang, Ki Mun CATHOLIC MEDICAL CENTER 1994 Bulletin of the Clinical Research Institute Vol.22 No.2

One-hundred five patients with invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with curative radiotherapy from March 1983 through October 1989 at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Kang-Nam St. Mary's Hospital. Among them, 78 patients received radiotherapy alone and 42 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and 15 patients were lost to follow up. All patients had follow up from 2 to 106 months (median; 62 months). Age of the patients ranged from 32 to 79 years at presentation (median; 59 years). The overall 5-year survival rates was 50.8%, and the 5-year survival rates by stage ⅠB, ⅡA, ⅡB, ⅢA, ⅢB, ⅣA was 47.7%, 70.2%, 64.1%, 40.0%, 23.1%, 14.3%, respectively. The 5-year survival rates was noted 51.2% of radiotherapy alone and 50.4% of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. The overall failure rate was 18.3% (22/120) including 11.7% (14/120) locoregional failure, 5.8% (7/120) distant metastasis and 0.8% (1/120) locoregional failure with distant metastasis. Treatment failure rates by the stages were 15% (3/20) in stage ⅠB, 10.5% (2/19) in stage ⅡA, 10.2% (5/49) in stage ⅡB, 20% (1/5) for stage ⅢA, 61.5% (8/13) in stage ⅢB, and 28.6% (4/14) in stage ⅣA. The overall complication rate was 34.2% (41/120), including wet desquamation 7.5% (9/120), diarrhea 6.7% (8/120), radiation proctitis 5.8% (7/120) in decreasing order. A multivariate analysis of factors influencing the survival showed patient age (P=0.0291), FIGO stage (P=0.0001), Karnofsky performance status (P=0.0043), initial hemoglobin level (P=0.0001), and intracavitary radiation (P=0.0004), but, no significancy in histology (P=0.29) and teatment method (P=0.87).

Purge & Trap-GC를 이용한 의약품 필름코팅 정제 중 잔류용제에 관한 연구

장준식,이명자,소유섭,문춘선,이주헌,박희라,김진숙,강경모,이선옥,방성연,유미자,유문균,금오성,이병욱 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

의약품은 약물을 생체에 적풋하기 위하여 유효성분의 효과가 언제나 일정하게 확보되고 사응에 편리하도록 만들어지는 것이므로 유효썽분 이외에 약효에 영향을 주지 않는 성분이 첨가되는 경운가 많다. 이 때 사용되는 용매들은 제피의 광택 및 건쪼시간의 단축 등을 위하여 휘발점이 낮을 용매들이 주로 사용되어진다. 본 연구는 의약품 필름코팅정제 중 잔류용매 4종(chlorofonr benzen, trichloro ethylen, 1,4-dioxane)에 대한 변형된 pirge & trap-GC 장치를 이용한 동시분석방법을 개발하였으며, 각 표준품의 RSD 값은 chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69% and 1,4-dioxane 3.41%였다. 또한 시중 유통중인 의약품 50종에 대하여 잔류웅매 양을 측정하였으며, 검출되는 잔류용매는 한 건도 없었다. This study nras carried out to develope the analytical method for the mixture of chlorefonn, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane simultaneously and determine the remainingorgauic solvents in coating tablets by Purge & Trap-GC. The results were as follouFs ; 1. Chloroform, benzen, trio:tloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane separated by tenax #5 trap by HP-624GC column by terrlperature programming. The peaks were separated completely at retentiontime of 6.88min for chloroform, 8.21min for benzen, 10.38miu for trichloroethylen and 11.95minfor 1,4-dioxane. 2. Standard RSD were individually chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69%and 1,4-diorane 3.41%. 3. 60 samples were not detrcted chloroform, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane.

Effect of Atomic Layer Deposition Temperature on the Growth Orientation, Morphology, and Electrical, Optical, and Band-Structural Properties of ZnO and Fluorine-Doped ZnO Thin Films

Kang, Kyung-Mun,Park, Hyung-Ho American Chemical Society 2018 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.122 No.1

<P>The deposition temperature has a significant effect on the growth and physicochemical properties of ZnO thin films. However, changes within a low temperature range have not yet been fully investigated. In this study, ZnO and fluorine-doped (F-doped) ZnO (ZnO:F) thin films were synthesized on glass substrates by atomic layer deposition, and the effect of deposition temperature (80–160 °C) on the crystallization behavior and electrical, optical, and band-structural properties of the thin films were analyzed. During deposition, a constant fluorine concentration was maintained in the anionic pulse gas by employing a 200:1 (v/v) mixing ratio of deionized water to hydrofluoric acid. We found that <I>c</I>-axis growth was preferred with ZnO thin films, while <I>a</I>-axis growth was preferred for ZnO:F thin films. An enhancement in the carrier concentration was also observed in both thin films with increase in the deposition temperature. In addition, the optical transmittance of ZnO:F thin films was slightly higher than that of ZnO thin films, and this transmittance decreased with increasing deposition temperature. More significantly, F-doping led to a larger optical band gap in ZnO:F thin films than in ZnO thin films due to an increase in the carrier concentration with F-doping.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2018/jpccck.2018.122.issue-1/acs.jpcc.7b08943/production/images/medium/jp-2017-08943y_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp7b08943'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>