대요근 근구 차단술의 해부학적 고찰 및 임상 효과

신경호,김헌,최락민,김희상,안경회 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.2

콩 이소플라본이 성장기 쥐의 골대사에 관한 연구

김영경,심재영,이헌옥,양승오,엄애선 한국콩연구회 2003 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.20 No.2

Soybean has been consumed in Asia as a lot of soyfood products. Soy isoflavones, particularly genistein. have preventive effect on breast and prostate cancer, atherosclerosis and osteoporosis. To investigate if the influence of soy isoflavones on bone metabolism we used 3-week- old female Wister Rat ovariectomized. All the rats were divided into sham (SH) , ovariectomized (OVX) , OVX- 17β-estradiol (10 ㎎/㎏ b.w.), OVX-genistein (5 ㎎/㎏ b.w.). They were freely fed foods and drinking water for 8 weeks. Results show that body weight had significantly decreased in SH group, compared to OVX groups. The serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was increased in SH, OVX-GEN and OVX-ES groups but not significant. Creatinine and hydroxyproline level lowered in SH group but not significant. Femur, feces, serum and urinary Ca level was significant and femur, serum P level did not differ. Bone mineral density (BMD) decreased OVX group but increased slightly isoflavone group. It suggests that estrogen may affect bone mineralization in growing rats and soy isoflavones may involve prevention of bone loss. More studies are needed to identify the mechanism of soy isoflavones and bone formation.

증류수와 인공타액에서 충전용 글래스 아이오노머 시멘트의 불소유리량에 대한 평가

김경남,이진숙,류지헌 大韓齒科器材學會 1994 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the amount and pattern of fluoride release from restorative cements into de-ionized water with that in artificial saliva . Three light-curing glass ionomers , a water-setting glass ionomer⁴, two conventional glass ionomers and a resin-based material were selected. Sixteen cylindrical samples(6.5mm×2.5mm)of each cement were prepared. Each was individually suspended in 5ml of either de-ionized water or artificial saliva(eight samples in each medium) and stored at 37℃. The media were changed and fluoride concentration was measured with fluoride electrode for 90 days. The data showed that: (1) Cumulative fluoride release from Ketac-Fil, Dyract and VariGlass VLC into the artificial saliva was significantly less than in de-ionized water(p<0.05) as tested by ANOVA. The cumulative amounts of fluoride into the saliva were 2.52, 0.10 and 0.65 ㎎F /㎤. And they accounts for 49%, 14% and 84% of the amounts into de-ionized water respectively; (2) Ketac-Fil released more fluoride than other materials in both media(p<0.001). Vitremer, Iono Gem, and Dyract released 37%, 38%, and 13% of the cumulative amount of fluoride from Ketac-Fil into deionized water, respectively, but they released 73%, 78%, and 4% of that into artificial saliva, respectively. It is concluded that the release of fluoride from some restorative glass ionomers is highly variable according to the medium in which glass ionomer is stored, and so artificial saliva should be used to test fluoride release of restorative glass ionomer cements.

외이도에 발생한 해면상 혈관종 1예

이상헌,전경호,정하민,김헌수 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2006 圓光醫科學 Vol.21 No.2

발효기 종류에 따른 Cordyceps militaris에 의한 생물고분자 생산

이중헌,김경주 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2005 生産技術硏究 Vol.27 No.1

The effects of fermenter types on biopolymer production with Cordyceps militaris has been studied in this articles. Since the shear stresses of stirred tank ferementor and bubble column fermenter were different. the mycelium growth and biopolymer production were different, The mycerial growth was high with the bubble column fermenter for the early stage but biopolymer production was lower than that with stirred tank fermenter. The production of biopolymer was closely related to shear stress to the cells and biopolymer production was increased with increased shear stress.

식품 위해 요소중점 관리 기준에 대한 서울지역 사업체 급식관리자의 위생관리평가

이헌옥,심재영,김영경,조민호,최호순,엄애선 한국조리과학회 2001 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.17 No.6

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point(HACCP) is becoming an important component of food safety worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate comprehensively the education and knowledge level of food service managers on HACCP as well as applying HACCP system to industrial foodservice. Total 247 foodservice managers participated in the survey and 159 responses were used for analysis. The results were as follows; 1) 89% of foodservice managers were educated about HACCP, and 40.9% felt they did fully understand HACCP and 47.8% did half. 2) The score for the implementation of HACCP was in the order of apparatus and facility sanitation, personal sanitation, and time-temperature/etc. sanitation. 3) Foodservice managers who were taught HACCP kept a deep attention to food and personal sanitation, compared with those without education(p<0.05). However, the education time on HACCP affected conducting safety management. The results suggest that education and understanding of HACCP are positively related, and understanding of HACCP has a positive influence on conducting safety management.

자살 시도의 심각도와 혈청 지질농도의 관련성

이헌정,최낙경,김린,이민수,김용구 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.6

연구목적 : 낮은 혈청 콜레스트롤 농도와 자살과 같은 폭력적 행동에 관한 관련성에 관한 논란이 있어왔다. 본 연구는 자살 시도 후 응급실로 내원한 환자에서 혈청 총 콜레스테롤 농도만이 아닌 전반적인 혈청 지질 농도의 저하 여부를 조사하였으며, 자살 시도 상황을 평가하는 객관적 척도를 통하여 자살 시도 상황에서 자살 시도의 심각도와 혈청 지질 농도의 관계에 대하여 연구하였다. 방 법 : 1998년 7월부터 1999년 6월 사이에 자살 시도후 고려대학교 의료원 응급실로 내원한 50명의 자살 시도자를 연구대상으로 하였다. 이들은 정신과 의사의 면담을 통하여 정신과적 진단을 받았으며 동시에 위험-구조척도(RRR). HDRS, BPRS 등이 평가되었다. 또한 동 기간에 본원 정신과에서 입원 치료를 받은 자살 시도가 없었던 환자중, 대상군과 나이, 성별, 진단을 맞추어서 50명의 환자를 선정하여 정신과 환자 대조군으로 하였다. 자살 시도군과 대조군의 혈청 지질농도가 t-test를 통하여 비교되었으며, RRR점수와 혈청 지질 농도, HDRS,BPRS와의 사이의 연관성 Spearman순위 상관계수로 분석되었다. 결 과 : 자살 시도자중 주요우울증이 29명, 정신분열병이 2명, 인격장애가 19명이었으며, 자살 시도군의 혈청 총 콜레스트롤 농도(t=---3.29, p=.001). 총 지질 농도(t=-2.62, p=.01), LDL농도(t=-2.64, p=.011)가 대조군보다 유의하게 낮았다. 진단별로는 주요우울증에서는 총 콜레스트롤 농도, 총 지질 농도, LDL 농도가 대조군에 비하여 낮았으나, 인격장애에서는 혈청 콜레스트롤 농돤이 대조군보다 낮았다. 자살 시도군에서 RRR 점수는 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도와 부적 상관관계를 보였으나 (γ=.-293,p=.039), BPRS(γ=.544, p<.001)와 HDRS(γ=.488, p=.001)와는 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 결 론 : 자살 시도군에서 혈청 지질 농도 중 총 콜레스테롤, 총 지질, LDL농도가 유의하게 저하되어있음을 확인하였다. 또한 자살의 심각도를 평가한 RRR 정수가 혈청 총 콜레스테롤 농도와 유의하게 상관성이 있음이 확인되었다. 이는 낮은 혈청 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 심각한 자살 시도와 연관이 있음을 보여주는 것이다. Objectives : Many studies have demonstrated that suicide is related to low serum cholesterol level, whereas conflicting results have also reported. The aims of the present study are to determine whether suicidal attempters have low lipid concentration and to identify the relationship between suicidal attempt severity and serum lipid levels. Methods: Subjects were 50 suicidal attempters who visited the emergency room in Korea University Medical Center between July 1998 and June 1999. All subjects had been interviewed by psychiatrist and evaluated with Risk-rescue rating, HDRS and BPRS. They were diagnosed as major depressive disorder(n=29), personality disorder(n=19), and schizophrenia(n-=2). Serum lipid levels in 50 suicidal attempters were compared with those in 50 nonsuicidal psychiatric inpatients corresponding to the age, sex and diagnosis of the suicidal attempters. We also examined the Spearman's rank correlations between serum lipid levels and risk-rescue score. Results : The serum total cholesterol level(t=-3.29, p=.001), total lipid level(t=-2.62, p=.01), and LDL level(t=-2.64, p=.011) in suicidal attempters were significantly lower compared with nonsuicidal controls. In major depressive patients, total cholesterol level, total lipid level, and LDL level in suicidal attempters were significantly lower than those of nonsuicidal controls. In personality disorder patients, however, only serum total cholesterol level was significantly lower. Risk-rescue rating score was negatively correlated with serum total cholesterol level(p=.-293, p=.039), and positively correlated with BPRS(p=.544, p<.001), and HDRS(p=.488, p=.001). Conclusion : The lipid levels in suicidal attempter were significantly lower. Suicidal attempt severity was also significantly correlated with serum total cholesterol level. These findings suggest that low serum cholesterol should be related with severs violent suicidal attempt.

메타분석을 이용한 국내 정상성인의 정중신경 체성감각 유발전위의 정상치 : a Meta-Analysis

이경무,김헌,박은희 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2003 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.13 No.1

연구목적:체성감각 유발전위(somatosensory evoked potentials:SEPs) 검사는 말초 감각 수용기로부터 대뇌피질에 이르는 체성감각의 구심성 경로를 평가하는 유용한 방법이다. 체성 감각 유발전위의 잠시와 진폭의 정상치는 대상군의 지역적 분포에 따라 차이가 날 수 있어 각 검사실마다 각각의 정상치를 구하여 사용하고 있다. 그러나 이는 지역적인 특성만을 대변하므로, 범국가적인 대표값으로 보기는 힘들다. 또한 1984년 AES(American Encephalo-graphic Society)의 guideline이 있지만 아직 검사방법의 통일이 이루어지지 않아 해석의 어려움이 있어 검사방법의 표준화가 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 논문분석을 통하여 각 연구에서 어떠한 검사방법들이 사용되었는지 분석하며 검사방법의 표준화를 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 하였으며, 베타분석을 통하여 정중 신경 체성감각 유발전위의 범국가적인 정상 참고치를 구하여 학술연구와 정도관리에 일조하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법:1978년부터 2001년까지 정중 신경 somatosensory evoked potential의 정상 치에 관한 국내외 연구논문 15편을 대상으로 검사방법의 종류와 빈도를 분석하며 가장 보편적인 검사방법을 알아보았으며, 7편의 국내 연구논문을 대상으로 메타분석을 통하여 정중 신경 체성감각 유발전위의 범국가적인 정상 참고치를 구하고자 하였다. 결과: 1) 전극의 종류로는 침 전극을 가장 많이 사용하였으며, 전극의 위치는 활동기록전극으로는 C3', C4'를 참고기록전극으로는 Fz가 적당하리라 생각된다. 위상의 잠시를 명명하여 표기한 경우로 N1은 N20으로 표기한 경우가 많았으며, Pl은 P22로, N2는 N25로 표기한 경우가 많았고, P2는 다양하였다. 2) 자극의 빈도는 3 pps가, 자극기간은 0.2 msec가 많이 사용되었다. 자극강도는 대부분 thumb twitch가 있는 정도로 하였으며, 총 자극 횟수는 127회가 3편으로 가장 많았다. Low filter의 범위는 2∼20 Hz사이에 있었고, High filter는 500 Hz∼10 kHz사이의 범위까지로 동일한 주파수 설정은 없었다. 3) 국내 논문을 대상으로 메타분석을 시행하여 구한 한국 정상성인의 잠시의 정상 참고치 는 N1이 20.6 msec, P1이 28.2 msec, N2가 37.2 msec, P2가 48.5 msec였다. 진폭은 변이계수가 크고 개인간의 차이가 심하여 진폭만을 기준으로 이상유무를 알기는 어려울 것으로 생각되었다. 결론; 이상의 연구를 통하여 정중신경 유발전위 검사방법을 빈도순으로 분석하였으며 메타 분석을 통하여 잠시와 진폭의 정상참고치를 제시하였다. 이상의 연구결과는 정중신경 유발전위 검사방법의 표준화를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있으며, 도출된 정상 참고치는 정중신경 체성감각 유발전위 검사의 관련 연구와 정도 관리에 유용하리라 생각된다. Purpose:Somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs) are valuable in evaluating the somatosensory pathway from peripheral sensory receptor to cerebral cortex. Despite there are numbers of normative studies of median nerve Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), each laboratory has one's own normative database. Obvious difficulties are arised in attempting to compare data from one laboratory to another, there is a need to establish a standardized test method with normal references. We initiated this study to overcome these difficulties. Meterials and Methods:We searched through 15 articles, which had been previously published from 1978 to 2001, concerning scalp recorded median nerve Somatosensory Evoked Potentials. The thorough research of 15 articles came out with a common test, and we obtained a world-wide normal reference value of latencies and amplitudes through a meta-analysis technique by researching 7 articles which reported their own normal reference values among korean adults Results 1) The most common electrode was needle electrode. The site for active electrode was C3', C4' and the site for reference electrode was Fz. The most common used names of N1, P1 and N2 were N20, P22, N25 respectively. 2) The stimulation frequency was 3 pps, the stimulation duration was 0.2 cosec, the stimulation intensity was about thumb twitch level and the total stimulation number was found to be more than 128. The low fiter range was 2~20 Hz, the high filter range was 500Hz~10 kHz. 3) The normal reference values of N1, P1, N2 and P2 were 20.63 msec, 28.23 msec, 37.23 msec, 48.54 msec among Korean adults. Conclusion:Since there are many labs that have not established a normal reference value ans a standardized method, the normal latencies suggested through a meta-analysis and a common test method may be used as a valuable reference for many laboratories.

효과적인 유역관리를 위한 CN기법 기반의 침투량 산정 및 기저유출량 분석

김희원 ( Hee Won Kim ),신연주 ( Yeon Ju Sin ),최정헌 ( Jung Heon Choi ),강현우 ( Hyun Woo Kang ),류지철 ( Ji Chul Ryu ),임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Lim ) 한국물환경학회 2011 한국물환경학회지 Vol.27 No.4

Increased Non-permeable areas which have resulted from civilization reduce the volume of groundwater infiltration that is one of the important factors causing water shortage during a dry season. Thus, seeking the efficient method to analyze the volume of groundwater in accurate should be needed to solve water shortage problems. In this study, two different watersheds were selected and precipitation, soil group, and land use were surveyed in a particular year in order to figure out the accuracy of estimated infiltration recharge ratio compared to Web-based Hydrograph Analysis Tool (WHAT), The volume of groundwater was estimated considering Antecedent soil Moisture Condition (AMC) and Curve Number (CN) using Long Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (L-TH1A) model. The results of this study showed that in the case of Kyoung-an watershed, the volume of both infiltration and baseflow seperated from WHAT was 46.99% in 2006 and 33.68% in 2007 each and in Do-am watershed the volume of both infiltration and baseflow was 33.48% in 2004 and 23.65% in 2005 respectively. L-TFIIA requires only simple data (i.e., land uses, soils, and precipitation) to simulate the accurate volume of groundwater. Therefore, with convenient way of L-TKIA, researchers can manage watershed more effectively than doing it with other models. L-THIA has limitations that it neglects the contributions of snowfall to precipitation. So, to estimate more accurate assessment of the long term hydrological impacts including groundwater with L-THIA, further researches about snowfall data in winter should be considered.

고정화 세포를 이용한 황화수소 제거공정 최적화

박양호,손효진,김경주,권규혁,이중헌 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

In this study, the hybitd reactor has used to remove H_2S from the toxic gas. Since the oxidation and reduction reactors were combined, theri sizes were important to stabilize developed process. The optimal sizes of oxidation and reduction reactors were determined considering iron oxidation rate and H_2S removal rate. The optimal ratio of reactor size was 4 L for oxidation reactor to 1 L for reduction reactor.Immobilized Thiobacillus ferrooxidans has been developed to minimize the size of oxidation reactor. Since the immobilized cell enhanced the oxidation rate, it was possible to incrase H_2S removal efficiency. It was possible to incerase operation time because immobilized cell can survie lger than free cell.