신경숙의 고백체소설 『엄마를 부탁해』 고찰

배경렬 ( Kyeong Yeol Bae ) 한국사상문화학회 2012 韓國思想과 文化 Vol.64 No.-

In this paper, published in 2008, Shin`s “Take Care of Mom”, a "confession" attention to the format and discussed. Modern literature is characterized by an individual`s inner quest, if all of the modern novel kind of “confessional element that can have. But here in the form of Shin`s novel, this is a confession, a fictional character (the speaker) directly to another person or their own when exposed to the inner surface, determines that testimony by an attitude that is maintained. People who profess that (the speaker) is simply expressed his state of mind rather than servant to maintain self-reflection and repentance eye, confess that this attitude is the result of conscious and overly celadon. In other words, how their story will be interpreted to support fretted constantly in doubt, it will attitude directly to those who confess. In addition, direct harsh criticism of the novel in the audience by attracting readers to the understanding of interference and such an attitude was the product of doubt and nervousness. Shin`s “Take Care of Mom”, her mother at the time of the first person to grant, and is a mother`s confession and close the reader`s sympathy that makes the device can be said. Because of its readers first-person narrator in this conflict and crack her memory and remember the same date increased. For these, I think this works, "she remembers that comprise a variety of voices and that can be managed to put. To seal cracks customary conservative reading of this work are leading to maternal love is sentimental. In a word, my mom works for the family`s desperate confession can be said. Where "desperate" narrative is not at all common. Is to some extent, the two told Shin confession of a single family to the fault of the first sentence, "You, he, you know, my mother never treat him on the dignity of human beings with the thought never" is driving them to the point. How could this be. A lifetime of caring for a family commitment and exhausting labor filled with mother. But really, is not it. Me, you, and our sins, we endlessly confessional era is bound to. Love to see in the novel "You" and finally Michelangelo`s Pieta, how to phase coincidence to meet in front of him who can kneel. This over sin and salvation distant abyss, the abyss between the human based story of a long sigh. Yet this is “The Potato Eaters” and “Rremote-Room” author of" ten thousand and two can play that Shin ardent and earnest story of this place now. 이 논문에서는 2008년에 발표된 신경숙의 『엄마를 부탁해』를 "고백"이라는 형식에 주목하며 고찰하였다. 현대문학이 개인의 내면탐구를 그 특징으로 한다면, 현대의 모든 소설은 일종의 "고백적 요소"를 가지고 있다고 할 수 있다. 하지만 여기서 신경숙의 소설을 고백의 형식으로 본 것은, 소설 속의 인물(화자)이 다른 인물이나 독자에게 직접 자신의 내면을 드러낼 때, 고백하는 자세를 유지하고 있다고 판단해서이다. 즉 고백하는 인물(화자)은 단순히 자신의 심경을 토로하는 것이 아니라 시종 자기반성과 회오(悔悟)의 시선을 유지하는데, 이러한 태도는 고백을 하면서 청자를 의식한 결과이다. 다시 말해 자신의 이야기가 어떻게 해석될 지 끊임없이 의심하면서 초조해 하는 것, 그것이 바로 고백하는 자의 태도인 것이다. 게다가 청자의 가혹한 비판을 직접 소설 속에 끌어들임으로써 독자의 이해에 간섭하는 태도 역시 그러한 의심과 초조함의 산물이라고 할 수 있다. 신경숙의 『엄마를 부탁해』는 엄마의 시점에 일인칭을 부여하고 있는데, 이것은 엄마의 고백과 독자의 공감을 긴밀하게 만들어주는 장치라고 할 수 있다. 그 때문에 독자들은 이 충돌과 균열 속에서 일인칭 화자인 엄마의 기억과 동일시한 기억이 더욱 생생하게 전달된다. 이렇게 본다면 이 작품은 "엄마"를 구성하고 있는 다양한 기억과 목소리를 담아내는데 성공했다고 할 수 있다. 이 균열을 봉합하려는 보수적인 독서관습이 이 작품을 감상적 모성애로 끌고 가고 있는 것이다. 이 작품은 한 마디로 엄마에 대한 가족들의 처절한 고해성사라고 할 수 있다. 여기서 "처절한"은 전혀 흔한 서사가 아니다. 어느 정도인가 하면, 신경숙이 들려주는 한 가족의 고해성사는 첫 문장의 잘못을 "너는, 그는, 당신은, 엄마를 한번도 그이가 지닌 인간의 존엄 위에서 대하고 생각한 적이 없다"는 지경까지 몰고 간다. 평생을 가족에 대한 헌신과 배려의 고단하고 고단한 노동으로 채워온 엄마를 어떻게 그럴 수가 있을까. 그러나 정말 그러고 있는 것이 가족들의 행동이나 언사들이다. 나도, 당신도, 우리는 한없이 자책하며 우리의 죄를 고해할 수밖에 없다. 그러고 보면 소설 속 "너"가 마침내 미켈란젤로의 피에타상과 만나고 그 앞에 무릎 꿇는 것이 우연일 수 없다. 이것은 죄와 구원을 둘러싼 아득한 심연, 그 심연을 사이에 둔 인류의 오랜 탄식의 이야기다. 그러면서 이것은 「감자 먹는 사람들」과 『외딴방』의 작가 신경숙만이 들려줄 수 있는 간절하고 간곡한 이야기라고 할 수 있다.

장용학 소설에 나타난 외국문학 영향관계 고찰

배경열 한국비교문학회 2003 比較文學 Vol.30 No.-

The aim of this thesis is the study on the reception-aspects in Chang, Young-Hak's works written works after he was affected from foreign literatures. The methodology in this study was paralleled compared with Jean Paul Sartre, Bible, Nietasche, Dostoevski and that fact show Chang, Tong-Hak was affected affected from Jean Paul Sartre, Bible Nietzsche Dostoevski etc. The influx of the existentialism in Korea was not satisfactory in early fifties by the lack of awareness in swareness in systematic reception. It appeared in the both of the literature and philosophy from the late of 1950s at the same time. Chang, Young-Hak received from good impression after Nausea written by Sartre, atheistic existentialist. This events was affected on the creation of Poetic anthology of John as well as his novels. His affection was unilaterally received and was employed in touching a part of the philosophy in the literary opus at the advanced nation. As compared with Chang, Yong-Hak and Sartre, although both writers were rejected in terms of atheistic side what the case of Chang, Young-Hak in its strength excelled Sartre was occurred at the strong humanity. The most prominent difference between Chang, Yong-Hak and Sartre was political awareness. In the Poetic anthology of John he showed existential factors such as awareness of existence, existence, problem of freedom, rejection of the God, Limited situation came from the Korean War in 1950. But problem to reflect sentences are ideal. And, as know in general, his sentences aren't difficult to understand. And in contrast, Sartre supported the reality with establishment of situation and gave the complete freedom to the characters in his opus, Chang, Yong-Hak run short in the establishment of situation. He accepted Niche's novels, Bible, and Dostoevsky's novels too. And it greatly means to expand the contemporary width of novels and to plot the development and charge by resolutely getting rid of the lack came from tradition to be applied by Chang, Yong-Hak. He had influenced on Lee Cheng-Joon and Chou In-Hoon's novel in 1960s.

해방직후 소설담론 양상 고찰

배경열 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 2007 인문학연구 Vol.34 No.2

The subject of this study is Korean novels from 1945 to 1950, during which time the country went through its liberation from Japanes colonialism, the separate occupation by the US and the USSR, and the Korean Civil War, In this tumultuous period, Korean was experiencing a social chaos, in which the new lack of and established political authority gave rise to various conflicting voices in search for a new nation-state. Amid this cacophonous endeavor for the construction of the nation-state, Korean novels came to serve as the main vehicle of the nationalist discourses, The incredibly dynamic characteristic of the contemporary navels is a result of the sudden flourishing of ideological discourses that had been suppressed under the colonial regime. The lively debates of the time inspired the period's literary products with an unprecedented vigor. The study of korean novels from the concerned period has been shaped and limited by the three-stand idealogical division of the Left, the Right, and the Neutral. Such a viewpoint has its origin to the sharp ideological split of Korean Nationalist in the aftermath of the liberation. However, the novels were no transparent embodyment of official discourses. Such an easy approach overlooks literary works potential to actively react to the society while simultaneously reflecting the social realty. My study aims to overcoming the simplistic perspective. Refusing the ideological fixation of a text, it delves into the complex layers of individual narratives, ultimately to recover a schema of the contemporary novels. First of all, this paper explores the main motive of the period's discourses and the historical condition of theirs, when koreans gained their independence, what captured their minds most strongly was an illusion of the nation, The vision to a unified nation provided the basic of communication to the newly liverated people, but the serious ideological internal divisions aggrandixed the necessity of the discursive construction of a nation as a sacrosanct illusion. Hence, on the one hand, the national illusion works as a common base of signification, but on the other hand, it also introduces the problem of doubts into the meaning relations in discourses.

문화비평과 문화연구와의 관계 고찰

배경열 현대문학이론학회 2003 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.20

Literature criticism and the mean is a certain need. If a criticism were the need of literature, it were not be servile to public opinion, it represent the stratagem of culture practice. In the narraw a literature criticism is the work be made of art experence. But for the understanding of work with culture production, we must brighten secular sumame of culture. If we should express criticism himself truly literature criticism construct new intellectual acceptance. There are plenty of signs of the connection between the literature criticism and the culture study. Therefore if you do not have access to literature criticism and the culture study, you will be to remain in the underclass.

작가 자신의 전쟁체험 형상화 : 하근찬의 작품론 The thesis of Ha Geun-chan`s novel

배경열 현대문학이론학회 2002 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.17

I think two subject to take in Korean modern history are the elimination of vestiges of Japanse imperialism and recovery from bitter rivalries of Korean war. Ha Geun-chan exposed ceaseless interests in these themes in his literary works. He suggests ways of metal solution of the problems through Park Mando and Gaprye. He proposed a sensual and spiritual wound by reason of war as a meaning of evidence starting from the recognition on the darkness. This could be found in The two generation in suffering and White paper beard etc. He sought after the realization of a sensual and spiritual wound based on warm humanity which could become a means to overcome for the man who managed to survive war of tragic catastrophe. As seen above, for Ha Geun-chan's novels studied in the thesis, a sensual and spritual wound was a kicking and screaming which could restore the sense of direction of humanity during the anxious period of postwar when spiritual goal was lost. The literary wound of postwar writer who had cope with deformed humanity and social consciousness through the counter-war of literature, therefore, I think, should be an attitude or ideology of author till now when the condition of devided korea is continued that is, a sensual and spiritual wound by reason of war is not an abstract logic on the level of common sense but a practical ideology which nowadays be sought for more concretely.

재발된 고혈압성 뇌실질내 출혈

배학근,정두신,도재원,이경석,윤일규 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.3

중립대 개념을 이용한 악안면보철물 제작 및 치험례

배정수,박경옥 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

구강과 안면에 있어서의 손상은 저작, 연하, 발음 및 호흡 기능의 일부 혹은 전체에 심각한 영향을 미치며, 그 손상의 결과로서 시각, 촉각, 미각, 후각 및 청각이 심하게 손상 받을 수도 있다. 특히 외모가 중요시되는 우리 사회에서 구강악안면계의 손상은 개인의 인성 뿐만 아니라 사회적, 직업적 적응에도 심대한 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서 구강악안면계의 손상을 가진 환자는 손상 수복의 기회가 주어져야만 한다. 중립대 이론 및 술식이 구강악안면계의 결손 수복 시 매우 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 중립대 개념은 정상 환자에서의 보철 수복 시보다 구강악안면계의 결손을 가진 환자에서는 더욱 더 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 저자 등은 상악골에의 양성 종양에 의해 상악골 부분절제술을 시행받은 환자에 있어서 중립대 이론을 적용하여 정상적인 기능 및 심미성 회복을 위한 악안면 보철물 제작하였으며 환자로부터 만족스러운 평가를 얻었기에 그 이론적, 기술적 배경과 함께 1편의 증례를 보고하는 바이다. Disabilities of the oral and face may have a pronounced effect on any or all the functions of mastication, deglutition, speech, and respiration. In addition the senses of sight, touch, taste, smell, and hearing may be compromised or lost as a result of an orofacial defonnity. In our society, where a pleasing facial appearance is so important, insults to the orofacial area may also have extensive effects on the personality of the indivisual, and on social and vocational adjustments. It is therefore imperative that individuals handicapped with orofacial disabilities be given the opportunity to be rehabilitated and permitted to take their rightful places in society. The application of the neutral zone principles and techniques can be utilized very effectively in the rehabilitation of individuals with orofacial deformities. The results of the neutral zone concepts are even more dramatic when applied to the compromised patients with an orofacial deformities than conventional edentulism. The authors made a maxillofacial prosthesis for the patient having partial maxillectomy due to benign tumor on the maxilla using the concept of neutral zone philosophy to rehabilitate normal function and esthetics.

장용학 소설에 나타난 디오니소스적인 미적사상 고찰

배경열 한국비교문학회 2004 比較文學 Vol.32 No.-

This study explores the nihilistic aesthetics in the novels of Yong-hak Chang on the representative of post-Korean war novelist, focusing on the catastrophic effects of Korean war on his novels especially on his deep distrust of history and existing social values, which may be found both in the contents and forms of his novels. This writer have in common in his shared disbelief in such 'big words' as truth, god, and morality, leading his novels to what we call the devaluation of the highest values, Rather his works lean towards the new representation our world as a kind of the world of demonic power and mythical violence. His characters are what we may call non-humans, who are obsessed with guilty conscience. His characters of non-humans lost their beliefs in such social principles of modern world as causality and reason. This characters may be termed positive nihilists who wish to watch his own destruction with willingness. Apart from the similar elements in his thematic contents, the styles and form of his works illustrate the shared nlhilistic aesthetics. The deonysian aesthetic and the tragic to Chang. The terrible violence in the Korean war inscribe the unerasable scars on his world view (Weltanschauung). The depressed characters in his novels embody the elements of aesthetic which differs itself from experiential sadness. Chang's works are memorable illusuration of the aesthetic of great catastrophic. For the aesthetic portraits this catastrophic, he draws on allegory which symbolizes the amorphous fragment, which destroys the reconciling forms of beautifid appearence and the myth orgnic totality.

장용학 소설의 창작방법론 고찰

배경열 배달말학회 2002 배달말 Vol.31 No.-

싸르트르가 소설 속의 인물들에게 완전한 자유를 부여하고 상황의 설정 또한 리얼리티를 유지하고 있는 반면, 장용학의 경우는 인물과 상황의 설정에서 리얼리티를 잃고 있었다. 이런 관점에서 볼 때 장용학이 실존주의를 수용하여 작품으로 형상화하는데 있어 충분한 효과를 거두지 못하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 싸르트르와 비교하여 장용학이 미학적인 측면에서 문제가 있음을 부인할 수 없을 것이다. 싸르트르와 장용학을 비교해 볼 때 두 작가가 모두 무신론적(無神論的) 입장에서 서서 신을 부정하고 있으나 그 강도에 있어서는 장용학의 경우가 싸르트르를 능가하고 있다고 보이는데, 이는 강한 휴머니티에서 기인한 것이다. 두 작가의 가장 두드러진 차이점의 하나는 정치적인 인식에 있을 것이다. 싸르트르는 정치 참여 혹은 현실 참여를 강력히 주장하고 있어 개인은 모든 인류에 대해서 책임이 있다고 까지 말하고 있다. 그러나 장용학의 경우, 어찌 보면 아나키스트처럼 보이는데, 이런 일면은 「요한시집」을 비롯한 그의 소설에 잘 드러나 있다. 그의 소설은 또한 니체의 저작들·신구약의 성서·도스토예프스키의 소설 등의 영향을 받았음도 부인할 수 없는 사실이다. 그렇지만 장용학의 작품 세계가 다양한 원천들의 단순한 모자이크는 아니다. 다양한 글쓰기의 원천에도 불구하고 그의 작품에는 장용학 텍스트의 고유성이 내재되어 있으며, 그의 서구 문학 수용 역시 매우 선택적이고 자각적이었음을 알 수 있다. 장용학의 소설이 우리의 소설사에서 남긴 큰 의의 중의 하나는 그가 소설 양식의 영역을 넓혀 주었다는 데에 있다. 그것은 구체적으로 소설 양식에서의 에세이즘과 아포리즘의 활용으로 규정지을 수 있다. 이는 1950년대의 장용학에서 비롯되어 60년대의 최인훈과 이청준에게 이어짐으로써 한국 현대 소설의 새로운 가능성을 개척하는데 큰 역할을 하였다고 할 수 있다.

Characteristics of Gouda Cheese Supplemented with Chili Pepper Extract Microcapsules

Yoo Kyeong Kim,Myoung Soo Nam,Hyoung Churl Bae1 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.6

In this study, the physicochemical and sensory properties of Gouda cheese supplemented with microcapsules of chili pepper extract were evaluated. Microcapsules of pepper extract were prepared by coacervation technique using gum acacia-gelatin wall and chili pepper oil core. Changes in pH, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) population, and free amino acid (FAA) content after supplementation of Gouda cheese with chili pepper capsules were monitored during ripening. Texture and sensory characteristics of the Gouda cheese ripened for 6 months were evaluated. The supplementation of pepper extract microcapsules (0.5% or 1%, w/w) did not influence the pH values and LAB content of the Gouda cheese (p<0.05) during the ripening period. While the content of total FAA increased with the ripening process in all the cheese groups (p<0.05), no significant difference (p<0.05) in the content of total FAA was observed among the sample groups at each time point. The addition of pepper extract microcapsules (1%, w/w) to Gouda cheese significantly decreased hardness (p<0.05) and negatively affected sensory attributes in terms of taste and texture (p<0.05). The results demonstrated that supplementation with 0.5% pepper extract microcapsules could provide additional bioactive ingredients, along with maintenance of the quality of Gouda cheese.