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Afloqualone의 LC/MS/MS분석과 건강한 성인 지원자에 대한 약물동태 연구
이서판,이병요,윤휘열,이은주,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2008 藥學論文集 Vol.23 No.-
Afloqualone is a centrally acting muscle relaxant that inhibits mono- and polysynaptic reflexes. The purpose of this study was to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters of afloqualone in healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetics of afloqualone tablet was examined on 24 healthy volunteers who received a single oral dose(20 Bg) of each preparation in the fasting state. Blood samples were ten at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 10, 12 and 24 hr after drug administration. Blood concentrations of afloqualone were determined using a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC/MS/MS) systems. A two compartment model was used to explain the pharmacokinetic properties of afloqualone. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with model independent(AUC, C_max, T_max, CL_t, V/F) and model dependent(K_ei, K_a, K_cp, K_pc, t_1/2) Pharmacokinetic analysis using WinNonlin program. The estimated means of AUC_0-24hours, C_max, T_max CL_t and V/F were 148.99 ± 127.39 ng·hi/ml 35.11 ± 56.62 ng/ml, 1.81 士 1.34 hr, 189.01 士 79.67 L/hr and 848.61 ± 567.06 L, respectively. The model dependent parameters(K_ei, K_a, K_cp, K_pc, t_1/2) were 0.14 ± 0.18 hr^(-1), 11.64 ± 30.03 hr^(-1), 0.34 ± 0.39 hr^(-1), 0.1 ± 0.16 hr^(-1) and 10.56 ± 4.30 hr, respectively. In conclusion a two compartment model was best described the pharmacokinetic behavior of afloqualone in healthy human.
이동훈,최충렬,김광섭,김평열,서정우,박만 경북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2006 慶北大農學誌 Vol.24 No.-
군위군 오이재배지역을 정밀토양도를 이용하며 토양특성을 조사하구 군위군 노지 및 시설오이 재배지토양의 물리화학적 특성을 조사하여, 연작과 관행적인 토양관리로 인하여 저하된 토양의 이화학적 특성을 오이재배에 적합한 토양으로 개량하기 위한 기초자료로 이용하고자 토양조사를 실시하였다. 조사지역은 군위군 군위읍 외랑리 오이재배단지로서 주요토양통은 토양토에 나타난 단북통과 신정들이 가장 넓게 분포하였으며, 점토함량은 시설재배지내 토양의 경우 양토이었으며, 시설재배지의 외부 토양의 경우 23.8%로 높게 나타났다. 오이 재배지 토양의 화학적 특성 결과에 대한 오이재배지 토양의 적정범위와비교하여 보면 일반적인 화학적 성질에서 서는 유효인산의 함량이 적정범위보다 높은 것을 알 수 있으며, 치환성 양이온 함량은 시설재배지의 외부토양은 적정범위에 속하나 시설재배지 내부토양은 모두 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 최상부 토양은 매우 높으나 l0cm이하는 깊이에 따라 뚜렷한 차이는 없었다. 오이 재배지 토양 중 중금속 함량은 모두 기준치보다 높게 나타났는데, 구리의 함량이 시설재배지가 노지재배지보다 높게 나타났다. The soils of plastic film houses in which intensive cultivation takes place suffer from the serious problems such as severe salinity and accumulation of heavy metals etc. The objective of this research was to examine the change in soil properties with repeated cucumber cultivation under plastic film house at Gunwi-Gun area. The soils were classified mainly to Danbuk and SinJung series. Clay content is lower in the soils of plastic film house than in the field soil. Available P205 and exchangeable cations were accumulated at the level higher than the optimum range. The content of extractable heavy metals were higher in the soils of plastic film house than in those of the field. For optimum yield, much attention should be paied to the management of soils by the pre-soil survey.
재양자화 특성을 이용한 비트율 변환기의 전송률 제어 기법
서광덕,이상희,권순각,유국열,김재균 한국방송공학회 1997 한국방송공학회 학술대회 Vol.1 No.1
Transcoding is the key technique to further reduce the bit-rate of a previously compressed video. The performance of the transcoding is evaluated by the two factors, the accuracy on the target bit-rate and the complexity of the implementation. In this paper. we propose a new rate control algorithm which has very accurate bit-rate control performance and much smaller computational complexity. For the accuracy problem. we empirically observe the relationship between the quantization step size and generated bits in requantization process and then find that the relationship can be characterized as the new piece-wise linear model. For the complexity problem, we reduce the role of feedback rate control. The simulation results show that the proposed method gives the better performance in the accuracy with the same picture quality than conventional rate control algorithm.
Seo Yoon-Seok,Park Kwang-Hoon,Park Jung-Min,Jeong Hyuneui,Kim Bumseok,Jeon Jang Su,Yu Jieun,Kim Sang Kyum,Lee Kyuhong,Lee Moo-Yeol 한국독성학회 2024 Toxicological Research Vol.40 No.2
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for various pathologies, including pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and cancers. The toxic effects of cigarette smoke (CS) are mediated through multiple pathways and diverse mechanisms. A key pathogenic factor is oxidative stress, primarily induced by excessive formation of reactive oxygen species. However, it remains unclear whether smoking directly induces systemic oxidative stress or if such stress is a secondary consequence. This study aimed to determine whether short-term inhalation exposure to CS induces oxidative stress in extrapulmonary organs in addition to the lung in a murine model. In the experiment, 3R4F reference cigarettes were used to generate CS, and 8-week-old male BALB/c mice were exposed to CS at a total particulate matter concentration of either 0 or 800 μg/L for four consecutive days. CS exposure led to an increase in neutrophils, eosinophils, and total cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. It also elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde (MDA), markers indicative of tissue damage and oxidative stress, respectively. Conversely, no significant changes were observed in systemic oxidative stress markers such as total oxidant scavenging capacity, MDA, glutathione (GSH), and the GSH/GSSG ratio in blood samples. In line with these findings, CS exposure elevated NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent superoxide generation in the lung but not in other organs like the liver, kidney, heart, aorta, and brain. Collectively, our results indicate that short-term exposure to CS induces inflammation and oxidative stress in the lung without significantly affecting oxidative stress in extrapulmonary organs under the current experimental conditions. NOX may play a role in these pulmonary-specific events.
Kim, Kwang-Dae,Lim, Dong Chan,Jeong, Myung-Geun,Seo, Hyun Ook,Seo, Bo Yeol,Lee, Joo Yul,Song, Youngsup,Cho, Shinuk,Lim, Jae-Hong,Kim, Young Dok Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.2
We fabricated organic photovoltaic (OPV) based on ZnO ripple structure on indium tin oxide as electron-collecting layers and PTB7-F20 as donor polymer. In addition, atomic layer deposition (ALD) was used for preparing additional ZnO layers on rippled ZnO. Addition of 2 nm-thick ALD-ZnO resulted in enhanced initial OPV performance and stability. Based on photoluminescence results, we suggest that ALD-ZnO layers reduced number of surface defect sites on ZnO, which can act as electron-hole recombination center of OPV, and increased resistance of ZnO towards surface defect formation.
전산유체역학을 이용한 바이오매스 반탄화(torrefaction) 모델 개발
오광철 ( Kwang Cheol Oh ),이상열 ( Sang Yeol Lee ),주상연 ( Sang Yeon Joo ),조라훈 ( La Hoon Cho ),박선용 ( Sun Yong Park ),이서현 ( Seo Hyeon Lee ),이충건 ( Chung Geon Lee ),김대현 ( Dae Hyun Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2016 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.21 No.2
목질계바이오매스는 오랜 세월 인류가 친숙하게 이용해온 열 에너지원이다. 하지만 화석연료가 발견되면서 바이오에너지를 있는 그대로 이용하는 농·임산연료의 사용량은 꾸준히 감소되었다. 이에 따라 2010년부터 본격적으로 농림에 잔재된 부산물을 우드 칩(Wood chip)과 목재펠릿(Wood pellet)으로 가공 후 보관 및 운송의 용의, 균질, 규격화를 통하여 효율적으로 활용하기 시작하였다. 하지만 에너지 이용과정에서 타르 및 미연소분으로 발생으로 인한 연소기기 고장 및 효율감소의 문제점을 지니고 있어 농업 및 임업부산물은 대부분 방치되거나 버려지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 반탄화(torrefaction) 공정을 이용한 효율적인 목질계바이오매스 활용방안을 제시하고자 한다. 반탄화 공정이란 산소가 희박하거나 없는 상태에서 비교적 짧은 시간(10 ~ 60분)동안 낮은온도(260 ~ 320℃)에서 바이오매스를 가열하는 전처리 단계이다. 반탄화시 고형 화석연료와 비슷한 수준의 H/C, O/C의 비율 변화로 발열량이 증대되며, 내수성 증대 및 중량감소를 통해 저장 및 운송에 이점을 가진다. 하지만 다양한 종류 및 넓게 산재된 발생량 특성을 지닌 농·임업부산물의 경우 일반적인 반탄화 공정을 통한 활용이 어렵다. 따라서 전산유체역학을 통하여 바이오매스의종류, 크기, 처리시간등의 조건에 따른 반탄화 공정의 예측모델을 개발을 통하여 최적의 이용방법을 제시하고자한다.
코어프로그램이 편마비환자의 동적 균형 감각에 미치는 영향
김광수 ( Kwang Soo Kim ),서현두 ( Hyun Du Seo ),이병희 ( Byoung Hee Lee ),김성렬 ( Seong Yeol Kim ),이종수 ( Jong Soo Lee ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.2
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze and to compare the difference and the change between dynamic balance exercise group and dynamic balance exercise with core program exercise group. Also, based on this data, to prescribe effective exercises for hemiplegic patients and the pubis in order to achieve more effective dynamic balance exercise rehabilitation and better dynamic balance exercise in the field of therapeutical exercise. Methods :Twenty subjects(Core program exercise plus Dynamic balance exercise group, CP: 10, Dynamic balance exercise group, NCP: 10) were chosen among hemiplegic patients. Measurements of dynamic balance were evaluated at initial presentation(pretest) and after 4, 8, 12 weeks`. Paired t-test and Repeated measured ANOVA was utilized to detect the mean difference between the groups. Results :Firstly, after 4 weeks` and 8 weeks` and 12 weeks` CP exercise and NCP exercise, there were all significant difference to increase dynamic balance (p<0.05). secondly, after 4 weeks` and 8 weeks` and 12 weeks` CP and NCP exercise, there was significant difference to increase dynamic balance more CP group than NCP group. Lastly, among 4 weeks` and 8 weeks` and 12 weeks` CP exercise, there was progressively significant difference to increase dynamic balance(p<0.05). Conclusions :This study showed that dynamic balance exercise with core program exercise is an effective treatment strategy for hemiplegic patients than dynamic balance exercise rehabilitation.