The Comparision of Outcomes Between Lateral Rectus Muscles Re‐recession and Medial Rectus Muscles Resection in Recurrent Exotropia

Ko‐,i Chun,Sang‐,hoon Rah 대한안과학회 2008 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: To compare the surgical outcomes between bilateral lateral rectus muscles (BLR) re‐recession and bilateral medial rectus muscles (BMR) resection in recurrent exotropia. Methods: The medical records of patients with recurrent exotropia who underwent surgery for intermittent exotropia during the 6 years from January 2001 to December 2006 and followed up for more than 6 months were reviewed retrospectively. Results: In group A, BLR recessions was performed at the first surgery and BLR re‐recession was performed at the second surgery. In group B, BLR recession was performed at the first surgery and BMR resection at the second surgery. Success rates at the last follow‐up after the second operation were 81.9% in Group A and 83.3% in Group B, showing no statical difference between the two groups. In group A, no significant underaction of the BLR was noted. Success rates were not statistically different between the 2 mm rerecessed subgroup and 3 mm re‐recessed subgroup. Conclusions: The results support the notion that BLR re‐recession successfully corrects recurrent exotropia without producing significant limitation of abduction. Korean Journal of Ophthalmology 22(2):111-114, 2008

疎水性 環境이 Spermine에 의하여 誘發되는 凝縮된 DNA의 異例的 吸光度 : 溫度樣相에 미치는 影響 Temperature Profile of Condensed DNA, Induced by Spermine

高東成,李天培,崔宇永,李璨容 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 연구논문집 Vol.6 No.-

We have investigated the effect of hydrophobic environmental reagents (urea and DMSO) on the anomalous absorbance-temperature profile of condensed DNA, induced by spermine. The cooperativity of the phase transition to the trough region in the anomalous absorbance-temperature profile is more sensitive to the hydrophobic environmental reagents than that of the melting region, and the trough peak size can be decreased by increased concentration of the hydrophobic reagents. The present data indicate the importance of hydrophobic interaction in the stabilization of the condensed state of DNA induced by spermine, and that the anomalous absorbance-temperature profile is due to the thermal stabilization of the tertiary structure of the spermine-induced collapsed state of the DNA.

INTERCALATING AGENTS의 핵산과의 상호작용에 미치는 폴리아민류의 영향에 대한 화학분광학적 연구 : 송아지 흉선 DNA-Spermine 복합체의 이례적 흡광도-온도 양상에 대한 Ethidium의 영향 Ⅰ. Ethidium Dependence of Spermine-Induced Anomalous Absorbance-Temperature Profile of Calf Thymus DNA

고동성,이천배,명평근 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1984 연구논문집 Vol.5 No.-

Spectroscopic investigations of spermine effects on the ethidium-DNA binding equilibrium, and on the absorbance-temperature profile of the DNA in the presence of ethidium bromide at various concentrations were performed, as the ethidium binding may be used as the probe of the DNA interactions with environmental ligands. The cooperativity, enthalpy, and the midpoint of the phase transition to the trough region, of the anomalous absorbance-temperature profile, which occurs at the spermine concentration where the DNA collapses into a compact structure, are more sensitive to ethidium than the Tm region phase, and the trough can be eliminated by increased concentration of ethidium.

가역적 리간드 결합에 의하여 유발되는 DNA의 응축-풀림 구조변이 : Ⅱ. DNA Conformation Probes로서의 Anionic Potential Reporter 분자의 구조 연구 Anionic Potential Reporter Molecules as Probes of DNA Conformation

고동성,서일환,이천배,서정인 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 연구논문집 Vol.7 No.-

스페르민 존재하에서 nalidixic acid 및 oxolinic acid 등의 음이온성 quinolone 항생제는 ethidium bromide, proflavine 및 acridine orange 등의 양이온성 intercalative 리간드들과 마찬가지로 calf thymus DNA의 DNase 1에 대한 가수분해 반응성을 증가 시켰다. 그러나 본성 DNA와는 대조적으로 변성 DNA의 가수분해 반응성은 이들 양이온성 물감분자들에 의해서도 그리고 음이온성 quinolone 항생제들에 의해서도 영향 받지 않았다. 또한 스페르민 부재시에는 본성 DNA의 가분해 반응성도 이들 음이온성 drug에 의하여 영향 받지 않았다. 이들 데이터는 음이온성 quinolone 항생제가 스페르민과 intercalative 복합체를 형성하며 따라서 quinolone 항생제가 DNA conformation probe로서 사용될 수 있음을 시사하여 준다. 그러나 스페르민과 같은 polycation없이 음이온성 quinolone 항생제 자체만으로는 intercalation이 불가능함을 알 수 있다. 이와같은 이해는 분자궤도함수론적 고찰에 의하여 확인된다. The hydrolytic susceptibility of calf thymus DNA to DNase 1 was enhanced by such anionic Quinolone antibiotics as nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid in the presence of spermine, as well as by such cationic intercalative agents as ethidium bromide, profavine, and acridine orange. In contrast with the susceptibility of the native DNA, the susceptibility of the denatured DNA was not affected by the quinolone antibiotics, not either by the cationic dyes. Even the native DNA, however, was not influenced by the anionic antibiotics in its susceptibility to DNase 1 if spermine was omitted. The data here may lead to a tentative concusion that the quinolone antibiotics may form intercalative complexes with spermine, and that thereby the quinolone antibiotics can be used as probes of DNA conformation, whereas the anionic antibiotics alone without spermine may not have the intercalation activity, as supported by the MO data.

동종 조혈모세포이식 후 발생한 크립토콕쿠스 척추염 1예

고윤호,임동준,이성수,조유경,이동건,최정현,김유진,민창기,김동욱,박정미,김춘추,신완식 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4

Skeletal cryptococcosis is an uncommon infection. Cryptococcus is a common cause of meningitis and infects 7∼10% of patients with AIDS. As well as AIDS, the infection may be seen in association with leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and diabetes, also in patients on steroid medication. But there is no case report of skeletal cryptococcosis following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A 40-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of low back pain. She had chronic myelogenous leukemia for 2 years and underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 8 months ago. She have been treated with steroid and cyclosporine orally because of chronic graft versus host disease. On examination she was afebrile and had posterior lower lumbar tenderness. But, she had no reduced strength of low extremities. Open biopsy was underwent. Histology demonstrated budding, round-to-oval, refractile yeast-like organisms within debris. The results of a lumbar puncture were unremarkable and cerebrospinal fluid culture failed to grow bacteria and yeast. The patient was treated with amphotericin B (1 gram) and AmBisome□ (2.8 gram) over 6 weeks. Three months after cessation of therapy, the patient was doing well.(Korean J Infect Dis 33:298∼301, 2001)

疎水性 環境이 Spermine에 의하여 誘發되는 凝縮된 DNA의 異例的 吸光度-溫度樣相에 미치는 影響

高東成,李天培,崔宇永,李璨容 충남대학교 1985 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.2

We have investigated the effect of hydrophobic environmental reagents (urea and DMSO) on the anomalous absorbance-temperature profile of condensed DNA, induced by spermine. The cooperativity of the phase transition to the trough region in the anomalous absorbance-temperature profile is more sensitive to the hydrophobic environmental reagents than that of the melting region, and the trough peak size can be decreased by increased concentration of the hydrophobic reagents. The present data indicate the importance of hydrophobic interaction in the stabilization of the condensed state of DNA induced by spermine, and that the anomalous absorbance-temperature profile is due to the thermal stabilization of the tertiary structure of the spermine-induced collapsed state of the DNA.

스페르민-DNA 복합체의 이례적 흡광도-온도 양상에 미치는 DMSO의 영향

고동성,이천배,최우영,이찬용 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 연구논문집 Vol.6 No.-

DNA의 응축을 유발시키는 spermine 농도 존재시 downward peak(trough)를 갖는 이례적 흡광도-온도 양상에 hydrophobic environment를 조성하는 DMSO의 영향을 조사하였다. DMSO 농도증가에 따라 downward peak의 깊이가 점차 얕아졌으며 그 phase transition enthalpy와 relative cooperative length(n)가 melting region보다는 downward peak(trough) phase transition에 더 예민하게 영향을 받았다. 따라서 본 data는 spermine에 의하여 유발되는 응축된 DNA 구조에 이르는 hydrophobic interaction에 의한 tertiary structure 형성이 온도상승에 따라 유리해짐으로써 downward peak가 형성된다는 추리를 확인하는 실험결과가 될 것이다. In an effort to improve our knowledge on the mechanism of the collapse of DNA into a compact structure by polyamines, we investigated the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a hydrophobic environmental reagent on the anomalous absorbance-temperature profile of condensed DNA, induced by spermine and having a trough preceeded by the initiation of the melting phase. The trough peak size can be decreased by increased concentration of DMSO, and the cooperativity of the phase transition to the region in the anomalous absorbance-temperature profile is more sensitive to DMSO than that of the melting regions of the profile. The present data indicate that the anomalous absorbance-temperatuve profile is due to the thermal stabilization of the tertiary structure of the spermine-induced collapsed state of DNA and the importance of hydrophobic interaction in the stabilization of the condensed state of DNA induced by spermine.

보릿짚의 수분함량 및 수확시기가 소각시 대기오염물질 발생에 미치는 영향

고지연,강항원,이재생,김춘송,박성태,김복진 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.2

영남지방 벼-보리 이모작답에서 가장 널리 시행되고 있는 보릿짚 처리방법인 소각이 대기환경에 미치는 영향을 소각시 발생하는 온난화가스, 대기오염가스 및 분진발생량을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 보릿짚 소각시 온난화가스 발생량은 CO₂376.8, CH₄ 1.56, N₂O 0.05 kg/10a 로서 CO₂의 발생량이 가장 많았으며, 대기 오염가스 중에는 유기물의 불완전 연소시 배출되는 CO발생량이 28.8 kg/10a로서 가장 많았다. 그 외 SO₂ H₂S, NH₃, NO등의 질소 및 황 함유 유해가스도 소량 발생되었고 발생된 PM 10 분진의 대부분은 인체에 미치는 영향이 PM 10보다 큰 PM 2.5로 이루어져 있었다. 또한 수확시기가 빠르거나 수분함량이 높은 보릿짚일수록 온난화가스 및 대기오염 가스의 발생량이 증가하고 소각 연기내 PM 10 분진중 PM 2.5의 미세분진 비중이 높았다. 수확적기로 알려진 출수 40일 이후의 보릿짚은 출수 후 40일된 보릿짚 소각시 발생하는 대기오염가스 발생량과 큰 차이가 없었다. This study was carried out to determine impacts of burning of barley straw produced from rice-barley double cropping paddy field on air quality by investigating emissions of greenhouse gases (CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O), air pollution gases (CO, SO₂, H₂S, NH₃ and NO) and particulate matters (PM 10 and PM 2.5). When the barley straw at a rate of 4.5 t/ha was burned at open status, the emitted GHGs amounts were CO₂ 376.8 kg/10a, CH₄ 1.56 and N₂O 0.06. The amount of CO emission was the largest among air pollution gases. These results showed that the range of 45~55% of total C in barley straw was emitted as CO₂-C, followed by CO-C (6.4~5.9%) and CH₄-C (0.5~0.7%). As far as moisture content in barley straw is concerned, the higher moisture content that the barley straw contains, the larger amount of air pollution gases and the higher portion of PM 2.5 in PM 10 were emitted when it burned. In case of harvesting time of barley straw, emission amounts of greenhouse, air pollution gases and PM 2.5 portion in PM 10 had tendency to increase when earlier harvested barley straw was burned.

전기적 자극이 백서 대퇴골골단의 연골형서에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

고천석 大韓小兒齒科學會 1990 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the chondrogensis processes, induced by a direct electric current ranging 7-18㎂, of rat femur. 20 rats(Sprague-Dawley strain) weighing about 200gm were selected and divided into 2 groups, one control group consisting of 5 rats and one experimental group consisting of 15 rats. And the control and experimental group were subdivided into 5 groups according to the periods (6-hour, 12-hour, 1-day, 3-day, 7-day) that the electric stimulation applied. All surgery was performed under ether and thiopental sodium anesthesia with aseptic precautions, each naimal receibing 0.25cc/100gm of soluble ganamycin sulfate intraperitoneally at the end of the surgical procedure. A 0.010" stainless steel wire covered with posyethylene tube was tied at the right femoral neck portion of the rat, and this wire serving as a cathode was connected to the Constant Current Sink. Anode was implanted subcutaneously over the dorsum at the corss section area where the vertebral column and a line connecting the both iliac crests, and then connected to the Sink. Control groups were received the same electrodes but that those electrodes were not connected to the power supply pack. Animals were sacrified at 6-hor, 12-hour, 1-day, 3-day, and 7-day after the electrical stimulation. Head of femoral condyle was prepared for histologic findings including LM and EM. Based on the present study the following conclusions can be made. 1. It can be concluded that the activity of the chondroblasts was stimulated by means of direct electric current. 2. The increased activity of chondroblasts in the epiphyseal plate was noted at the 6-hour experimental group, and a marked increased activity was evident at 12-hor experimental group. 3. There appeared a secondary ossification center in the prechondroblastic layer at 3-day experimental group, and the epiphyseal plate of the 7-day experimental group showed an insignificant change relatively to the 7-day control rat. 4. The increased activity of the osteoclasts was marked at 24-hour experimental group, and the new bone formation was remarkable owing to the increased activity of the osteoblasts at 3-day experimental group. 5. The total energy dissipated approximately 0.13 joule elicited a marked changes of chondroblasts in the epiphyseal plate, and a remarkable bone formation was producd at about 0.33 joule.

소수계 유역 인공습지에서 식생 밀도 차이에 따른 영양염류 제거효율

고지연,강항원,이재생,김춘송,Sakadevan,K.,Bavor, H. J. 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.4

호주 시드니 인근 도·농 복합 소도시로부터 발생하는 비점오염원을 처리하기 위하여 설치된 Plumpton park와 Woodcroft park 인공습지의 처리효율을 살펴본 결과, 수생식물의 밀도가 증가하고 식생이 안정된 Plumpton park 인공습지에서 T-P의 26.2%, T-N의 38.3%, 식생분포가 안정적이지 않은 Woodcroft park에서 14.0%와 20.2%가 각각 제거됨으로서 식물체 근권 미생물에 의한 T-P 및 T-N의 제거 효율이 상당히 큼을 알 수 있었다. 또한 T-N와 T-P에 비하여 NH₄-N, NO₃-N, PO₄^(-3)의 제거율이 높았던 것은 무기태 형태의 영양염류가 식물 및 미생물에 더 쉽게 이용되었기 때문으로 생각된다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 인공습지에서 식물체와 근권 주위 미생물에 의한 염류제거는 인공습지가 설치한지 오래되었을 때도 효과적이었고, 또한 인공습지는 무기태 영양염류의 제거효율이 더욱 높았으므로 무기화학비료 등의 용탈이 일어나기 쉬운 농경지 비점오염원으로부터 발생하는 수질오염의 개선에 이용할 수 있는 경제적이고도 효율적인 system으로 고려되었다. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of 2 constructed wetlands with different vegetation states (Plumpton park wetland and Woodcroft park wetland) for reducing non-point source pollution from small watershed consisted of residential and agricultural area in suburban district of Sydney, Australia. The total nitrogen and phosphate removal efficiency of Plumpton park constructed wetland, composed of stable and dense vegetation, were 38.3% and 26.2% and Woodcroft park constructed wetland having still poor vegetation due to the short time to settle down transplanted plants after construction, showed relatively low removal efficiency of 20.2% and 14.0%. The removal efficiency of inorganic nutrients such as NH₄-N, NO₃-N, PO₄^(-3) were higher than total nitrogen and phosphate because plants and microorganisms in rhizosphere of constructed wetlands took up inorganic nutrients shortly. According to the type of wetland inflow, the nutrients removal efficiency of storm water flow was lower than base flow.