The Efficacy and Safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% Cream for the Treatment of Melasma: A Randomized Controlled Split-face Trial

( Sun Young Huh ),( Jung Won Shin ),( Jung Im Na ),( Chang Hun Huh ),( Sang Woong Youn ),( Kyoung Chan Park ) 대한피부과학회 2010 Annals of Dermatology Vol.22 No.1

Background: Melasma is a common acquired symmetrical hypermelanosis that occurs on sun-exposed areas, and it is frequently observed among women. Various treatment modalities have been tried, but none are completely satisfactory. 4-n-butylresorcinol, which is a resorcinol derivative that has an inhibitory effect on both tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1, was introduced in 1995 and it has received increasing attention as a new hypopigmenting agent. However, the hypopigmenting effect of 4-n-butylresorcinol in human subjects has only been shown in a few studies. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the hypopigmenting efficacy and safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream for the treatment of melasma. Methods: Twenty patients with melasma were enrolled to this randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, split-face comparative study. The patients were instructed to apply 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream or vehicle to each side of the face twice daily for 8 weeks. Mexameter measurements were performed along with photography at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Adverse events were observed and recorded throughout the study. Results: All the patients completed the study. Mexameter measurements demonstrated that the melanin index of the treated side showed a significant decrease when compared with that of the vehicle-treated side after 4 weeks (p=0.006) and after 8 weeks (p<0.0005). All the adverse reactions were mild and transient. Conclusion: 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream showed rapid efficacy and it was well tolerated when used for the treatment of melasma. (Ann Dermatol 22(1) 21∼25, 2010)

복막투석복막염 환자에서 발생한 창자벽공기증 1예

정선영,나지훈,최윤정,고성애,조규향,박종원,도준영,윤경우 영남대학교 의과대학 2009 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.26 No.1

Peritonitis is a serious problem in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Rarely pneumatosis intestinalis can occur as a complication of this infectious process. Pneumatosis intestinalis is a potential life threatening condition with a challenging management. The mortality of peritoneal dialysis patients with pneumatosis intestinalis secondary to mesenteric ischemia is almost 100%. We describe a rare case of pneumatosis intestinalis in a peritoneal dialysis patient who developed Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis which was initially treated with appropriate antibiotics. Since initial response to therapy was not achieved, an abdominal computerized tomography was done which revealed a pneumatosis intestinalis. A laparotomy was performed and small bowel necrosis was seen. A segmented resection with ileostomy, jejunostomy was done. Though surgical treatment was performed, the patient died in 2 weeks after admission. Pneumocystitis intestinalis in peritoneal dialysis peritonitis is a uncommon complication which requires prompt evaluation to rule out mesenteric ischemia as it carries a high mortality and its management will be surgical.

방사선 처리에 의한 폴리비닐 알콜의 생분해도 개선

정진호,박남용,조훈제,이선미,김정규 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Radiation treatment with gamma-rays and electron-beams was used to remove polyvinyl alcohol(PVA), one of the main components of dyeing wastewater. PVA was effectively decomposed by radiation treatment, thus the removal was near 100% at an initial PVA concentration of 44 ㎎/L. However, total organic carbon(TOC) removal was less than 5% due to lower transformation of PVA to CO₂. This directly indicates the radiation treatment alone is not appropriate for the complete decomposition of PVA. In this sense, the improvement of biodegradability(BOD_5/COD) of PVA by radiation treatment was studied. Both gamma-ray and electron-beam treatments significantly increased the biodegradability of PVA by transforming non-biodegradable PVA to biodegradable by-products. This suggests radiation treatment, especially electron-beam treatment that showed better improvement of biodegradability, can be used as a pre-treatment of biological degradation process of PVA.

발치와의 신생골 형성에 미치는 탈회동결건조골과 흡수성 수산화인회석의 영향

정숭룡,김선헌,류선열 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1995 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.17 No.3

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of demineralized freeze-dried bone (DFDB) and resorbable hydroxyapatite (RHA) on bone formation in the extracted socket. The lower left and right 2nd and 3rd premolar were extracted in adult dogs. The one group was grafted with DFDB into the extracted socket, and the other group grafted with RHA. The extracted socket was sutured without any graft materials as control. The animals were killed on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 8th week after the graft for macroscopic and microscopic examination. Results obtained were as follows : 1. Macroscopically, nor infection of the graft site and dislodgement of the grafted material were noted in any animals used. 2. Young trabeculae of osteoid were formed in the socket wall in control group at 2 weeks after the graft. Osteoid tissue was formed in DFDB group at 1 week after graft, and a fine osteoid tissue was grown through the RHA particles in RHA group at 2 weeks graft. 3. The grafted groups showed more rapid bone formation tha n the control. Between the grafted groups, DFDB group showed more rapid formation than RHA group, DFDB group showed osteoinductive bone formation and RHA group showed osteoconductive bone formation. These results suggest that DFDB and RHA are useful to preserve the alveolar bone and to improve new bone formation by immediate grafting into the extraction sockets.

婦人科 患者의 辨證類型 分析基準에 대한 小考

李相勳,權貞南,李仁仙 동의대학교 한의학연구소 1997 동의한의연구 Vol.1 No.-

Infertility, delayed menstrual cycle, amenorrhea and abortion are frequents gynecology disease which my patients have. These disease cause and effect relation. They are classified types by dificiency of the kidney(腎虛), stagnation of qi(氣滯), dificiency of qi and blood(氣血虛弱), damp phlegm(濕痰) and blood stasis(血瘀). I made the administrative survey for oriental gynecology after I esearched types of menstrual symptom, digestive symptom, stool symptom, urine symptom and general symptoms. In conclusion, I made fundamentals of a verity of analysis. I expect the treatment range of oriental gynecology is expended and treatment generation is made by the survey.

Basic upper lip thickness에 따른 교정치료 후 입술 이동량의 차이

박선형,박성헌,조영문,김정훈 대한치과교정학회 2002 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.32 No.5

교정치료 후 연조직의 변화가 나타난다. 특히, 하안면부위에 많은 변화를 일으키게 되며, 대표적으로 입술은 치아이동량의 60∼70%정도 이동한다고 알려져 있다. 하지만, 이동량은 개인마다 그 양상이 다양하다. 본 연구는 환자의 입술두께에 따라 연조직이동양상에 차이가 있는지 여부를 조사하는데 그 목적이 있다. 발치를 동반한 교정치료를 받은 성인환자를 대상으로 basic upper lip thickness에 따라 환자를 분류한 결과, 두께가 얇은 군(group 1)에서 치료 후 연조직 변화에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 mentolabial angle와 하순의 변화간에 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 두께가 평균인 군(group 2)에서 상순의 변화에 영향을 미치는 요소로는 상악전치의 변화, 하악전치의 변화, 하순의 변화, nasolabial angle의 변화로 나타났으며, 하순의 변화에 영향을 미치는 요소로는 상순의 변화, 상악전치의 변화, 하악전치의 변화로 나타났다. 두께가 두꺼운 군(group 3)에서는 상순, 하순의 변화는 전치위치의 변화나 연조직변화와는 관련없음으로 관찰되었다. After orthodontic treatment, there are several changes in soft tissue porfile. Changes appear at lower anterior facial profile area, especially upper and lower lip. But there are many individual variations in the pattern of changes. So, this study was conducted to find out that the basic upper lip thickness could be one of the factors that could influence the treatment results. The samples were composed of 43 adult patients who had their 4 first premolars extracted. Groups were classified by their basic lip thickness. In group 1(thin upper lip group), there was negative relationship between mentolabial angle and lower lip change. In group 2(average lip thickness group), upper lip change was related to upper incisor change, lower incisor change, lower lip change and nasokabial angle change. And lower lip change was related to upper lip change, upper incisor change, lower lip change. In group 3(thick upper lip group), there was no relation between both lip change and other variables.

악악면 경조직 발육에 미치는 Bisphosphonate의 영향

한정우,김선헌 전남대학교 치과대학 2001 구강과학 Vol.13 No.2

Bisphosphonates are synthetic derivatives of pyrophosphonates and resistant to destruction by phrophosphatase. Bisphosphonates are currently tested for its use in orthodontic movements, osteoporosis and Paget disease treatment and prevention of metastasis in bone cancer. The effects of bisphosphonates on developing hard tissue and their action mechanism have not been elucidated yet. This study was aimed to invetigate the effects of etidronate and pamidronate, derivatives of bisphosphonate, on hard tissue development and teeth eruption in the jaws using light and electron microscopy and TUNEL stain. The number and size of osteoclasts were also analysed suing Student's test. Both etidronate and pamidronate inhibited teeth development and retarded their eruption. The bony trabeculae of the developing jaws in pamidronate­ treated group were thinner and more immature than those in control group. The size of osteoclasts was not significantly different between control and eitidronate and pamidronate treated groups, whereas the number of osteoclasts for the eruption of the mandibular 1st molar increased in both etidronate and pamidronte treated groups. However, many osteoclasts were detached from bone surface and did not show typical ruffled border in electron microscopic findings in both etidronate and pamidronate treated groups. No TUNEL positive osteoclasts were seen in all groups. Some of the ameloblasts and outer dental epithelial cells were abnomally proliferated and TUNEL positive in both etidronate and pamidronate treated groups. These findings suggest that bisphosphonates can adversely delay the development of the teeth and hard tissue, so that they should be carefully used in clinics.

하악골 후방 이동술 후 초기 교합안정과 회귀성향에 대한 변형된 상부자의 효과

류정호,김현진,김선헌,이은주 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2002 구강과학 Vol.14 No.2

Many surgeons have tried to reduce the skeletal relapse and temporomandibular discomfort resulted from inproper postoperative condyle position when has been known as a major complication of orthognathic surgery of mandibular prognathism, especially sagittal split ramus osteotomy. In the case of early anterior openbite, it has been known that postoperative condyle position is the most important factor concerned with relapse. Many studies to reduce these complications have been reported by reproducing the preoperative condylar position. Generally, if the condyle is fixed at the antero-inferior position, the early anterior openbite might be resulted from the lever action on the most posterior tooth by movement of condyle to physiologically stable position when the intermaxillary fixation is released. This study was carried out to elucidate whether the condyle could be positioned in the physiologically stable position by using the modified splint. Surgical wafer splint was manufactured in the condition that condyle of articulator was first moved anteriorly 1.73mm, inferiorly 1mm, and then occluded. The effects of the modified splint to early occusal stability and relapse was evaluated by physical examination and radiographic landmarks of cephalometrics. The results were as follows: 1. The usage of the modified splint helped the occlusal stability and reduced the rate of early anterior openbite. 2. It was acceptable for clinical application in aspects of temporomandibular discomfort. 3. Posterior openbite has rapidly compensated by the usage of the modified splint, and it was advantage to the prevention of early relapse. 4. The usage of the modified split resulted in the tendency of slightly anterior rotation of proximal segment, but it helped the repositioning of condyle into preoperative position. 5. It contributed to the occlusal stability by reducing anterior tooth movement, which was derived from compensational action of postoperative relapse. 6. The degree of inadvertent anteroposterior rotation of the proximal segment at surgery was correlated with the early skeletal relapse. These results suggest that the proximal segment fixation technique by using the modified splint have advantages to reduce the early skeletal relapse. This technique could be effectively used to the patients who had no facial asymmetry and do not need maxillary movement.

간염 환아에서의 B형 항원 및 항체의 빈도에 관한 연구

정용헌,황정순 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1984 충남의대잡지 Vol.11 No.1

The authors studied on 77 children with acute hepatitis who admitted to the pediatric department of Chungnam National University Hospital during the period of 2 years from April 1982 to March 1984 to observe frequency of Hepatitis B antigen & antibody and to analysis any differences between B and Non-B marker groups by age, sex, living place, duration of hospitalization and various lab. parameters. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Positive rates of HBs Ag., HBs Ab., HBc Ab. and HBe Ag. tested seperately were encountered in 20.8, 15.6, 29.9 and 14.3% respectively. 2. In cases tested both HBs Ag. & HBs Ab., positive rates of HBs Ag. or HBs Ab. and both were 16.9, 11.7 and 3.9%. 3. In cases tested HBs Ag., HBs Ab. and HBc Ab., positive rates of HBs Ag. or HBcAb. were 5.2 & 6.5%, those of HBs Ag. & HBc Ab. or HBs Ab. & HBc Ab. being each 11.7%, those of HBs Ag., HBs Ab. & HBc Ab. being 3.9%. 4. In cases tested HBs Ag., HBs Ab., HBc Ab. and HBe Ag., negative rates of HBs Ag or HBc Ab were 2.6% and 6.5% and positive rates of HBs Ag & HBc Ab being 3.9%, those of HBs Ab. & HBc Ab. being 3.9%, of HBs Ab. & HBc Ab. being 11. 7%, of HBs Ag, HBc Ab. & HBe Ag. being 7.8%, of HBs Ag. and HBeAg. 2.6% and of all antigen & antibody being 3.9%. 5. Hepatitis B marker demonstrated higher in older than younger age groups. 6. Childhood Hepatitis were more frequently occurred in boys than in girls and in urban than in rural area. 7. Duration of hospitalization is more prolonged in B-marker positive than in negative groups.

소아 급성 간염의 비교 고찰

정용헌,황정순 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1983 충남의대잡지 Vol.10 No.2

The authors studied retrospectivly on 46 children with viral hepatitis who admitted to the pediatric department of Chungnam National University Hospital during the period of 2 years from Sept. 1981 to Aug. 1982 to clarify any clinical differences between B-hepatitis and Non B-hepatitis. Subjects divided into two groups as B-hepatitis & Non B-hepatitis determined by Radiommunoassay which compared to various clinical parameters such as demographic (age, sex, living place, season etc.) clinical (chief complaints, physical findings, duration of hospitalization) & laboratory (hematologic & biochemical) findings. The results are concluded as follow: 1. There is a difference of affecting age between B-and Non-B-hepatitis groups 2. Marked increase in ESR & slight increase in Thymol turbidity was noted more in Non B-hepatitis than in B-hepatitis. 3. No differences between two groups were observed in other parameters at all.