지역별 복지의식에 영향을 미치는 요인 연구

함철호(Ham Cheol Ho),이중섭(Lee Jung Seb) 경성대학교 사회과학연구소 2010 社會科學硏究 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구는 지역별 복지의식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 탐색하고 지역의 복지정책에 대한 긍정적 태도를 강화하기 위한 정책적 대안을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 복지의식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 자기이해(self-interest), 사회화, 이데올로기 그리고 수급자에 대한 태도 요인으로 범주화하고 지역별 복지의식과의 이들 관련 요인들과의 인과적 관련성을 탐색하였다. 분석결과를 정리하면 복지의식에 영향을 미치는 요인은 도시규모별로 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대도시의 경우 수급자에 대한 부정적 태도요인이 복지의식과 유미한 인과관계를 보인 반면, 소도시는 수급자에 대한 부정적 태도요인과 복지의식간의 인과적 관련성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이 같은 결과는 소도시보다는 엄격한 노동윤리와 개인주의가 강한 대도시의 특성을 반영한 결과라고 할 수 있다. 생활권역별로도 복지의식에 영향을 미치는 관련변인들에 상당한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 수도권의 경우 자기이해요인이나 사회화요인보다는 이데올로기 요인이나 수급자에 대한 태도요인이 복지의식에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 반면, 영남권의 경우 자기이해요인과 사회화 요인의 영향력이 복지의식에 유의미하게 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 영남권에서는 남성보다는 여성이, 산업화세대보다는 민주화세대가 긍정적인 복지의식을 보였지만, 호남지역에서는 성별이나 세대와 복지의식간의 유의미한 인과적 관련성은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이 같은 분석결과를 토대로 지역정체성에 맞는 지역주민의 복지의식 제고 방안 마련과 수급자에 대한 부정적 인식 해소 등을 정책과제로 제안했다. Social welfare policy design and implementation at the local level is an important terrain for analyzing the transition from government to governance. Local government have quite different finance conditions and welfare resources. So, Local government carry out a plan to pallin with local environment. Specially, Korea has experimented deep-tooted provincialism and its provincialism has been an effect on provincial welfare policy. The purpose of this study is to explore associated factors that influencing on welfare attitudes of region. The analysis data for this study is a second data of Korea Welfare Panel Survey. The results of this study are as follows. Fist, welfare attitude of people differ slightly along local level. For instance, welfare attitude of big city is influenced by a agree about welfare tax and attitude on the recipient. but welfare attitude of small town is influenced by labor market participation, education level, generation, and ideology. Second, provincialism influence on welfare attitude of region. For instance, welfare attitude of national capital district mainly influenced by ideology and attitude on the recipient. Young-Nam district mainly influenced by self-interest, socialization, ideology and attitude on the recipient. Specially, Socialization, self-interest, and attitude on the recipient have an influence on welfare attitude in Ho-Nam district. Based on this analysis, this study suggested that improvement in negative recognition on the recipient, strengthening value of equality, and understand change of a local resident.

주요우울증에 대한 Milnacipran의 효과 및 안정성 : Fluoxetine과의 비교

이민수,함병주,기백석,김정범,연병길,오강섭,오병훈,이철,정한용,지익성,최병무,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This 6-week, open label randomized, multicenter study was conducted to evaluate the antidepressant effect and safety of milnacipran and fluoxetine in patients with major depression. Methods : The study was done in patients with major depression diagnosed by DSM-IV who score ≥17 in 17 items Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (17-item HAM-D) and score ≥25 in Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). A total of 87 patients were randomized to milnacipran group and fluoxetine group. In cases of the patients taking other antidepressants, 6 weeks of each medication was administered after 7 days of drug excretion period. The evaluation was done using 17 item HAM-D, MADRS, Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), and COVI scale after baseline, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks. The side effects that had occurred during the period of our study were put in records by developed/disappeared time, severities, incidences, managements and results. Results : A total of 87 patients were enrolled. 70 (mitnacipran group 39 ; fluoxetine group 31) of them were included for the 6 weeks of research and 17 of them dropped out with in the first week, not due to adverse reactions or deficiency of effects. Total 17 item HAM-D scores, total points of MADRS, and CGI showed significant decrease after 1 week in each treatment group and continued decrease after 2 weeks and 4, 6 weeks. But there was no difference between milnacipran group and fluoxetine group in the antidepressant effect. There were no significant changes in vital sign, CBC, chemistry, and EKG in each treatment group. The commonly reported side elfects of minlacipran were nausea (25.0%), headache (10.7%), vomiting (7.1%),constipation (7.1%), dizziness (7.1%) and those of fluoxetne were GI trouble (11.1%), diarrhea (11.1%), insomnia (11.1%),agitation (5.6%), and dizziness (5.6%). Conclusion : Milnacipran was effective for the improvement of depressive symptoms and was well tolerated and safe in patients with depression.

Comparison of efficacy and safety of milnacipran and fluoxetine in Korean patients with major depression

Lee, Min-Soo,Ham, Byung Joo,Kee, Baik Seok,Kim, Jung‐,Bum,Yeon, Byeong Kil,Oh, Kang‐,Seob,Oh, Byoung Hoon,Lee, Chul,Jung, Han Yong,Chee, Ik‐,Seung,Choe, Byeong Moo,Paik, In Ho Informa UK (Librapharm) 2005 Current medical research and opinion Vol.21 No.9

<P>OBJECT: To compare efficacy and safety of milnacipran and fluoxetine in a population of Korean patients with major depression. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The design was a multi-centre, randomised, comparative clinical study. Patients with major depression (DSM-IV diagnostic criteria) scoring over 17 points on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and over 21 points on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) were recruited and randomised to receive milnacipran (50 mg/day increasing after 1 week to 100 mg/day) or fluoxetine (20 mg/day) for 6 weeks. All previous medication was stopped at least 7 days before entry into the study. Patients were evaluated (HAM-D, MADRS and clinical global impression scale, CGI) at baseline and after 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks of treatment. All adverse events which developed during the study period were recorded. RESULTS: 70 patients (milnacipran 39; fluoxetine 31) were included in the study. Total score on both HAM-D, MADRS and CGI decreased significantly in both groups after 1 week and continued to decrease throughout the study. There was no significant difference between the two groups for any measurement at any time point. Both antidepressants were well tolerated. In the milnacipran group, 13 patients reported 28 adverse reactions, and in the fluoxetine group 11 patients reported 18 adverse reactions. Two patients discontinued due to adverse events in the milnacipran group and three in the fluoxetine group. There were no clinically significant modifications in vital signs, routine blood laboratory tests, biochemistry or ECG throughout the study. Nausea and headache were the most frequently reported adverse events with milnacipran while digestive disturbances, diarrhoea and insomnia were more common with fluoxetine. CONCLUSION: Milnacipran, like fluoxetine, was found to be effective and well tolerated for the treatment of major depression in this population of depressed Korean patients. Principal limitations of the study were its open design, its small sample size and its relatively short duration.</P>

Antioxidative Compounds from Quercus salicina Blume Stem

Jung-il Kim,Sungun Kim,Kyoung-tae Lee,In-hye Ham1,Ho-hyun Kim,Wan-Kyunn Whang 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.3

The chromatographic separation of MeOH extract from the Quercus salicina Blume Stem led to the isolation of five phenolic compounds. Using spectroscopic methods, the structures of these compounds were determined as D-threo-guaiacylglycerol 8-O- β-D-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (1), 9-methoxy-D-threo-guaiacylglycerol 8-O- β-D-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (2), 6"-O-galloyl salidroside (3), methyl gallate (4), quercetin (5). We measured radical scavenging activity with the DPPH method and the anti-lipid peroxidative efficacy on human LDL with TBARS assay, with the result that all these compounds exhibited the antioxidative activity.

茵蔯蒿와 韓茵蔯이 Triton WR-1339로 유도된 고지혈증 흰쥐에 미치는 영향

함인혜,정성웅,이경진,박규하,최호영 대한본초학회 2005 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

Objectives : In order to elucidate hyperlipidemia effect of the aerial part of A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi, an experimental study was performed on the hyperlipidemia of rats induced by Triton WR-1339. Methods : The amount of total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, AST, and ALT were measured. Results : In the hyperlipidemia of rats induced by Triton WR-1339, A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi showed decreasing effects on total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid,, LDL-cholesterol. ALT, and AST. Especially, A. iwayomogi showed significant decreasing effects on total cholesterol, and phospholipid. Conclusion : According to the results, A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi need to considered for the application in hyperlipidemia

노인의 사회인구학적 배경에 따른 건강관리, 유형, 신체활동과 식습관에 관한 연구

양춘호,김중언,함주현 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose of this study was to analyze on the health care patterns, physical activity and meal habits with sociodemegraphic background in older adults, The subject of the study was selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling among the older adult college and older adult center to participate whose age were 65 and over year old among inhabitant the Joeon Buk area, The data were collected the statistics employed the study were frequency and Chi-square test, enzymes have significant difference between treatment group The results that were derived form these processes were as follows: 1. Health care patterns have significant difference of according to sex(P<.05), age(p<.01), occupation(p<.001) and scholarship(p<.001). 2. Physical activity have significant difference of according to sex(p<.001), age(p<.001), occupation(p<.001) and scholarship(p<.001). 3. Meal habit have significant difference of according to age(p<.001), occupation(p<.05) and scholarship(p<.001) but according to the sex(P>.05) have no significant difference.

평면형 Bi-Sb 다중접합 열전변환기의 특성

이현철,유호종,김진섭,함성호,신장규,이종현,이정희,권성원,박세일 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1997 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.8 No.1

A planar Bi-Sb multijunction thermal converter for the precise measurements of ac voltage and current has been fabricated and its characteristics was discussed. In order to convert ac power into heat, a bifilar thin film Pt-heater, which could cancel its Thomson and Peltier effects, was prepared on the Si_(3)N_(4)/SiO_(2)/Si_(3)N_(4) diaphragm for the thermal isolation between heater and silicon substrate. To convert the temperature or the heat generated by the heater into dc voltage and current, hot and cold junctions of the Bi-Sb thermopile, which has a large difference in Seebeck coefficients, were formed on the dielectric diaphragm and the silicon substrate, respectively. The respective thermal sensitivity of the thermal converter with a bifilar heater was about 10.1 mV/mW and 14.8 mV/mW in the air and vacuum, which is about eight times higher than that of commercial 3-dimensional thermal converter. In the case of ac 2 V-input voltage, the ac-dc voltage transfer difference was about ±2.0 ppm, and in the case of ac 10 mA-input current, the ac-dc current transfer difference was about ± 0.6 ppm, in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 10 kHz.

직업적인 납 노출이 없는 일부 중년 한국인의 골중납량 및 혈중납량

김남수,최성우,김진호,함정오,박해윤,안규동,이병국 大韓産業醫學會 2007 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.19 No.4

목적: 우리나라에서 납에 직업적으로 노출되지 않은 일부 중년 성인들의 골중납량과 혈중납량의 수준과 상호관련성을 알아보기 위하여 40세 이상 남자 86명 여자 51명 총 137명을 대상으로 본 연구를 시도하였다. 방법: 연구변수로 골중납량인 경골납량,혈중납량을 택하였다. 경골납량은 K-shell XRF를 이용하여 각 대상 자들을 30분간 측정하였고,혈중납량은 원자흡광광도계법으로 분석하였다. 결과: 총대상자 137명의 경골납량의 평균±표준편차는 3.49±4.99 μg/g이었으며, 남자와 여자는 각각 3.90± 4.88 μg/g 및 2.80±5.14 μg/g이었으나 양군 평균의 통계적 차이는 없었다. 한편 총대상자 137명의 혈중납량의 평균±표준편차는 3.70±1.35 μg/dl이었으며,남자와 여자는 각각 3.93±1.25 μg/dl 및 3.30±1.42 μg/dl이었으나 양군 평균의 통계적 차이는 없었다. 음주,흡연 및 BMI를 통제한 후 혈중납량을 종속변수로 한 중 회귀분석에서 연령은 양의 영향을 주는 변수로 나타났다. 여자대상자만을 대상으로 한 중 회귀분석에서 교란변수를 통제한 후 연령은 경골납량에 경계수준의 양의영향을 나타내었다. 결론: 40세 이상의 우리나라 중년성인의 경골납량의 평균±표준편차는 3.49±4.99 μg/g이었으며,혈중납량의 평균±표준편차는 3.70±1.35 μg/dl이었다 혈중납량은 연령과 성과 유의한 양의 관련성이 있었으나,골중납량은 여자에서만 연령과 경계수준의 유의한 관련을 나타냈다. Objectives: In order to investigate the level and the association between bone lead and blood lead levels of non-occupationally, lead-exposed Koreans, the authors studied the lead biomarkers of 137 middle aged Koreans (86 males and 51 females) older than whose age were above 40 years. Methods: The tibia lead level was selected as the bone lead indicator of cortical bone, and the blood lead level was also measured. The tibia lead level was measured by K-shell XRF with 30-minute measurement of each subjects. The blood lead level was analyzed by AAS method. Results: The mean (SD) of the tibia lead level of the 137 study subjects was 3.49 (4.99) ,㎍/g, and tended to be higher. The mean (SD) of tibia lead level in male subjects (was 3.90 (4.88) ㎍/g) and larger than in that of female subjects (2.80 (5.14) ㎍/g), but without no statistical significance was observed. The mean (SD) of blood lead level of all total subjects was 3.70 (1.35) ,㎍/dl, and tended to be higher. The mean (SD) of blood lead level in male subjects (was 3.93 (1.25) ㎍/dl) and larger than in that of female subjects (3.30 (1.42) ㎍/dl), but without no statistical significance was observed. In multiple regression analysis of blood lead levels after adjusting for covariates, age was a significant independent variable. A weak association of age with tibia lead in female subjects was also observed in multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: The mean (SD) of tibia and blood lead levels of middle aged Koreans whose ages were over 40 years old were 3.49 (4.99) ㎍/g and 3.70 (1.35) ㎍/dl, respectively. Age and sex were positive predictors of blood lead level in multiple regression analysis after controlling for the covariates. However, in multiple regression analysis whereas age was weakly association with tibia lead level only in female subjects in multiple regression analysis.

톨루엔을 포함한 유기용제의 직업적 폭로로 인한 신경내분비계 영향

이채언,이종태,정의화,손혜숙,문덕환,전진호,강정학,이창희,김휘동,김종한,정귀옥 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Long term occupational exposure to solvent mixtures may cause adverse effects to the central nervous system with neurobehavioral symptoms. And some organic slovents have been suggested to cause impairment of tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic activity and neurochemical mechanisms controlling pituitary secretion. For the purpose of assessing neuroendocrine effects in occupational solvents exposure, hormonal study settings (shoes-manufacturing industry & fishing products industry) and compared with nonexposed controls(33 men, 85 women). Male workers exposed to solvent mixtures had significantly lower plasma level of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) than nonexposed male controls. While female workers exposed to solvent mixtures had significantly lower plasma levels of growth hormone(GH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) than nonexposed female controls. The results of significant decrease in plasma concentrations of pituitary hormones(FSH, GH, and TSH) in workers exposed solvent mixtures indicate that occupational exposure to solvent mixtures may induce neuroendocrine effects through an effect on hypothalamic pituitary axis.

직업적 디메틸아세트아미드(Dimethylacetamide) 노출에 의해 집단적으로 발생한 독성간염

최태성,우극현,김진석,박완섭,함정오,정상재,유재영 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

목적 : DMAC에 노출된 후 집단적으로 발생한 독성 간염 7례보고. 방법 : 2000년 2월 신설된 스판덱스 섬유제조 공장에 근무하는 생산직 근로자 178명중 2000년 2월 부터 8월까지 7명이 간장질환이 발생하였다. 환례들의 나이는 23∼47세였고, 남자 5명, 여자 2명이었다. 이들에 대해 혈액검사, 간 초음파 검사 등의 임상검사와 작업장 조사를 실시하였다. 결과 : 근무 부서는 중합 1명, 방사 1명, 권취 4명, 그리고 포장 1명이며 평균근무기간은 10주였다. 주 호소 증상은 심한 피로감, 어지럼증 및 황달이었고, 검사실 소견상 독성간염의 소견을 보였다. A, B 및 C형 간염 표지자 검사는 모두 음성이었고, 간초음파 소견상 특이 소견이 없었다. 문진 상 알코올 성 간염을 일으킬 정도의 음주력이나 최근 약물 복용력을 가지고 있는 환례는 없었다. 입원 후 보존적인 치료로 모두 급속히 호전되었다. 초기에 발생했던 환례에서 퇴원후 DMAC에 재 노출되어 독성 간염이 재발되었다. 이후 모든 환례들은 퇴원 후 DMAC 비노출 부서로 전환하였고, 퇴원후 지속적인 추적검사에서 간 효소 수치가 완전히 정상화되었고, 정상화되는 기간은 1∼2개월 정도 소요되었다. 결론 : 환례들의 임상증상, 검사결파, 노출력 및 과거력상 DMAC에 의한 독성간염으로 추정된다. Dimethylacetamide is widely used in the production of plasics, resins, synthetic fibers, and gums and in purification and crystallization processes. Inhalation of the vapor or skin absorption of the liquid of dimethylacetamide (DMAC) can cause liver damage. Toxic hepatitis possibly attributable to DMAC exposure occurred in seven works among 178 employees who had worked on a new spandex-fiber production line. A large amount of DMAC is used as a spinning solvent for synthetic fibers in the factory. The patients were aged 23-47 years old and composed of five males and two females. They were involved in the process of polymerization(1 patient), spinning(1), take-up(4) and packaging(1). The mean duration of exposure was 10 weeks. They experienced fatigue, dizziness and jaundice. The patients showed elavated total bilirubln, alanlne aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. The serologic test for viral hepatitis A, B and C were negative, as were the abdominal ultrasonographic scans. Based on the presumptive diagnosis of DMAC-induced toxic hepatitis, they were removed from the workplaces. One or two months after removal from the work, the transaminase levels returned to normal. The patients had no history of significant alcohol use, blood transfusion, recent medication, and drug abuse. As a result, authors could not find any attributable cause of toxic hepatitis but the toxicity by DMAC exposure.