한국의 정신분열병 외래 환자의 직ㆍ간접비용

박종익,송선희,서동우,장현종,이종국,장안기,김윤,이철,홍진표 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.3

연구목적 : 정신분열병 외래 환자의 직접 비용과 간접 비용을 추산해 보고, 의료 자원의 적절한 운용과 효과적인 배분을 위한 보건 정책의 기초자료로 사용하고자 한다. 방 법 : 정신분열병 진단을 받은 289명의 환자를 대상으로 6개월간 외래를 방문하면서 사용한 의료비와 시간을 조사하여 직접 비용을 추산하였고, 이 기간 동안 소실된 생산성을 간접 비용으로 환산하였다. 만성질환인 관상동맥 질환을 앓고 있는 환자 82명을 대조군으로 하여 비용을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 정신분열병 환자의 실업률은 72.1%였으며, 직장을 가지고 있는 경우에도 단순노무직의 비율이 64.5%로 매우 높았다. 정신분열병의 직접 비용은 평균 81.5만원으로 관상동맥 질환의 평균 71.5 만원보다 상대적으로 많이 추산되었으나 유의하지는 않았다. 간접 비용은 평균 645.6만원, 258.9 만원으로 정신분열병군이 2.5배 정도 높았다. 결 론 : 정신분열병은 다른 만성질환에 비하여 상대적으로 매우 고비용이 요구되는 질환이며, 보다 체계적인 비용의 추산을 통하여 양질의 정신 보건 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 토대가 마련되어야 할 것이다. Objectives : We have aimed to estimate the direct and indirect costs of treating out-patients with schizophrenia in Korea, to use this fundamental data for the effective management and proper distribution of the medical resource. Method : To estimate the direct cost, we surveyed the medical cost and time of two hundred and eighty-nine out-patients with schizophrenia for six months. And the lost productivity as many months was converted into the indirect cost. Those of eighty-two coronary heart disease patients were also estimated as a comparison group. Results : An unemployement rate of schizophrenic patients was 72.1 percent. Moreover the ratio of the laborer in the sample was, even if employed, 64.5 percent. The mean direct cost of schizophrenic patients was, about 815,000 won, higher than that of coronary heart disease, 715,000 won however it was not statistically significant. The former was also estimated 2.5 times more than the latter for the indirect cost, or 6,456,000 won versus 2,589,000 won. Conclusion : Schizophrenia is a relatively costly illness compared to other chronic illness, so the systematic estimation of the cost is necessary to provide mental health service of high quality.

지역사회 정신의학 전공의 교육과정 실태조사

홍진표,황순찬,이영문,이선형,신나리,이종일,박종익,장동원,정인원 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.1

Objectives : There is a increasing need to recruit and retain more psychiatrists who can plan and implement organized programs to work with chronic mentally ill patients in community settings. The aim of study is to discover what training is currently in place to prepare psychiatrist for work in "community" or "public" settings. Methods : Survey questionnaires were mailed to 85 residency training directors and 10 leaders of community mental health in 2005. Response rate was 75%. Results : Academic seminar about community mental health were not administered to residents in 63% of training hospitals. Forty one out of 64 training hospitals had community mental health rotation programs, Community mental health center (50%) and day hospital (36%) were the most common type of programs. Few general hospital had affiliation with community mental health programs. The amount of time for clinical rotation varied from less than three months part time to 6 months fulltime, with most frequent form of one day per week for three month in second or third year of psychiatry residents. Conclusion : Further steps are needed to improve residency training curricula and to encourage well qualified psychiatrist to choose careers in community psychiatry.

한국 주요정신장애의 유병률 및 관련요인 : 2006 전국정신질환역학조사

조맹제,장성만,함봉진,정인원,배안,이영문,안준호,원승희,손정우,홍진표,배재남,이동우,조성진,박종익,이준영,김진영,전홍진,이해우 大韓神經精神醫學會 2009 신경정신의학 Vol.48 No.3

Objectives The aims of this study are to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in the Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI), and to compare those with previous studies. Methods The Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area study Replication (KECA-R) was Conducted between August 2006 and April 2007. The sampling of the subjects was carried out across 12 catchment areas. A multistage, cluster sampling design was adopted. The target Population included all eligible residents aged 181o 64 years. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI) based on the DSM-IV (N=6,510, response rate=81.7%). Results A total of 6,510 participants completed the interview. The lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates for all types of DSM-IV disorders were 30.0% and 17.3%, respectively. Those of Specific disorders were as follows : 1) alcohol use disorder, 16.2% and 5.6% ; 2) nicotine use disorder, 9.0% and 6.0% ; 3) specific phobia, 3.8% and 3.4% ; 4) major depressive disorder, 5.6% and 2.5% ; and 5) generalized anxiety disorder, 1.6% and 0.8%. Data relating to nicotine and alcohol use disorder revealed a very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among females than males. Conclusion The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in the distribution of psychiatric disorders across the country and times were observed.

한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

중합효소연쇄반응을 이용한 도말양성 폐결핵 환자에서의 결핵균 DNA 검출방법에 관한 연구

이종진,김애경,조해정,한표성,홍석철,김주옥,김선영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1994 충남의대잡지 Vol.21 No.2

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most sensitive and rapid method for the diagnosis of M.tuberculosis infection. Many reports have shown different methods for mycobacterial DNA extraction, but revealed many differences in simplicity and time-consumption. We studied which method was the best among 7 different ones for DNA extraction from 32 smear-positive sputa, using PCR of targeting 123bp DNA fragment of IS6110. The methods were the following : SDS-Microwave oven method, NaOH Lysis method, Triton X-100, Proteinase K method, Lysis buffer method. SDS-Proteinase K method, Bead Beater method, and Bead Beater/CTAB method. The amplification products were identified by electrophoresis on ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels, and confirmed by restriction enzyme, Southern blot hybridization, and DNA sequencing. All 32 cases were positive (100%) by the 7 different methods. It took 1 hour or more to detect DNA in SDS-Microwave oven method, NaOH Lysis method, and Bead beater/CTAB method. It took 2 hours or less in the others. SDS-Proteinase K method and Bead Beater/CTAB method were simpler and more convinient than the others. These results suggest that SDS-Proteinase K method and Bead Beater/CTAB method might be better than the others for the extraction of mycobacterial DNA in terms of simplicity and time-consumption, although all the methods were sensitive.

인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병에 동반된 심상성 천포창 1 례

이상준,박진용,임태형,윤영호,권순대,남창욱,허규찬,박근용,구본식,김상표,장종억 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1997 계명의대학술지 Vol.16 No.3

저자들은 인슐린 비의존형 당뇨병 환자에서 통증성 구강내 미란 및 전신성 수포성 미란을 동반한 심상성 천포창 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Various skin conditions such as diabetic dermopathy, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, bullosis diabeticorum, granuloma annulare occur frequently in diabetes, although common lesions may be associated by chance. Pemphigus vulgaris(PV) is a blistering skin disease seen predominantly in elderly patients. This disorder is characterized by the loss of cohesion between epidermal cells with the resultant formation of intraepidermal blisters. These blisters rupture easily, leaving denuded areases that may crust and enlarge peripherally. In half or more of patients, lesions begin in the mouth: approximately 90% of patients have oromucosal involvement at some time during the course of their disease. But the relationship of this disorder with diabetes is not clear. We experienced a case of pemphigus vulgaris associated with NIDDM in 67 years old woman who was admitted due to painful oral ulcer and control of blood glucose, so we present this case with a review of literatures.

분뇨처리장의 공정개선에 의한 처리효율 향상에 관한 연구

이찬원,김승현,김창수,문성원,전홍표,윤종섭 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.6

There is a need to improve the efficiency of the existing sanitary treatment facilities, because the effluent standard becomes more stricter and septic sludge increased. Thus, operating processes of sanitary treatment system in M city changed with installation of additional facilities. Process modifications were as follows: Dilution water was added to the next process after primary aeration tank. Some secondary sedimentation sludge was recycled to primary aerator so that most of the organics were stabilized in primary aeration tank under automatic control of dissolved oxygen. The line of effluent from dewatering process flowing to the activated sludge tank was changed to the primary aerator. The primary sedimentation sludge line was linked to a thickener. Polymer was added to the activated sludge tank. The effluent of primary aerator and aerobic digester was recycled from the 5th to the 1st sector. As consequencies of above process modifications, the improvement of removal efficiency was achieved as BOD 54%, COD 42%, SS 61%, T-N 39%, and T-P 12%, respectively.

上,下脂 筋肉筋의 靜的 動的 持久力에 關한 硏究

李鍾虎,洪盛杓 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1988 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.1

This study investigated the upper limbs' (1) static, pulling muscular endurance, (2) static, breaking muscular endurance, (3) dynamic, pulling muscular endurance, and (4) dynamic, breaking muscular endurance and the lower limbs' (1) static, pulling muscular endurance, (2) static, breaking muscular endurance, (3) dynamic, pulling muscular endurance, and (4) dynamic, breaking muscular endurance in order to understand the static and dynamic endurance of human being's upper and lower limbs' musculars. Twenty freshmen (masculine) whose age are nineteen, and who majored in the physical education served as subjects. The results are as follows : 1. There was a very low correlation between static, pulling and breaking muscular endurance and dynamic, pulling and breaking muscular endurance of upper limbs. 2. There was a common correlation between static breaking and dynamic breaking muscular endurance of upper limbs. 3. There was a low or very low correlation between static, pulling and breaking muscular endurance and dynamic, pulling and breakin muscular endurance of lower limbs. 4, There was a high correlation between static breaking and dynamic breaking muscular endurance of lower limbs.

우리나라 청정지역에서 측정한 PM_(2.5) 입자의 특성

이종훈,김용표,문길주,김희강,정용승,이종범 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

Atmospheric fine particles (PM_(2.5)) were collected at the background sites, Kangwha, Taean, and Kosan and characterized to understand their behaviors at the sites. Daily samples of PM_(2.5) mass were measured and ionic species, carbonaceous species, and gaseous species were analyzed. Four-daγ backward trajectory analysis was also carried out. The mean concentrations of anthropogenic species were highest at Kangwha among three sites, while contributions from sea salts were highest at Taean during the measurement period due to higher wind speed at Taean. Major chemical components in fine particles were sulfates organic carbon, nitrate, and ammonium. Most of the non-sea-salt (nss) sulfates in PM_(2.5) might be present as ammonium sulfates at these sites. Most air parcels arriving at Kangwha and Taean were from northern China. Therefore, both sites were thought to be affected by the same air parcel. At Kosan, during the measurement period, air parcels were from either northern China or southern China. The nss sulfate concentration in the air parcels from southern China was higher, while the nss calcium nitrate, and ammonium concentrations were higher when the air parcels were from northern China.

스포츠 용품 인터넷 쇼핑에 대한 소비자 신뢰에 관한 연구

이용찬,최종인,노선표 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose of the study is to learn the consumer trust of university students in internet shopping of sports commodities. The subjects were 419 university students being in school in Jun La Buk Do(Jun La province) have been surveyed. 246 male students, while 173 female. For trust rate check, "consumer trust rate during internet shopping check sheet(trust rate a=0.76)" by Lee Yong Gyoon and Lee Gyoo. Yong has been used. By using statistics program of Spsspc10.0 for data processing, results have been obtained as follows after performing technical statistics, variance analysis and regression analysis. 1. Among society and population study backgrounds, there has been difference in consumer trust according to gender(p<.05), but no difference according to family types.(p>.05) 2. Shopping path, selection criteria on shopping mall and the reason for purchase of commodities have influence on consumer trust(p<.05) 3. There has been difference in consumer trust according to career of internet use(p<.05). 4. There has been no difference in consumer trust according to hours of daily internet use(p<.05) From the results above, the conclusion is that when university students purchase sports commodities using internet, they consider the stability of the company, the scale of the shopping mall company, etc.