An In situ Forming Hydrogel Based on Photo-Induced Hydrogen Bonding

Jingyan Zhang,Shifeng Wang,Zeren Zhao,Dong Si,Haiou Zhou,Mingdi Yang,Xianbiao Wang 한국고분자학회 2020 Macromolecular Research Vol.28 No.12

Stimulus-induced in situ forming hydrogels possess the characteristics of easy management and minimal invasiveness via simple injection at target sites with a liquid and easy forming bulk gels. In the present study, a photoreactive monomer, N'-(2-nitrobenzyl)-N-acryloyl glycinamide (NBNAGA) was introduced to modify polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel preparation with stimuli responsiveness. Firstly, poly(acrylamide-co-N'-(2-nitrobenzyl)-N-acryloyl glycinamide), P(AM-co-NBNAGA), copolymer solution was prepared via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization using the monomers mixture of AM, NBNAGA, and N,N'- methylene bis-acrylamide (BIS). The obtained polymer solution with viscous, transparent, and flowable appearance contained weak single hydrogen bonding and slight chemical crosslinking in a microscopic perspective. Secondly, without further purification, after irradiation using UV light at 365 nm, poly(acrylamide-co-N-acryloyl glycinamide) (P(AM-co-NAGA)) hydrogel conveniently in situ formed due to the cleavage of o-nitrobenzyl groups and the corresponding emergency of dual hydrogen bonding among “uncaged” dual amide moieties. P(AM-co-NAGA) hydrogel depicted both favorable temperature sensitivity and self-healing properties, then the heating induced in vitro release profiles of doxorubicin (DOX) was analyzed.

Response of Photosynthetic Characteristics to Different Salicylic Acid Concentrations in Relation to Waterlogging Resistance in Zanthoxylum armatum

Peiyun Wang,Chengyi Su,Jiaojiao Wu,Yuxin Xie,Jiangtao Fan,Jingyan Wang,Wenkai Hui,Hua Yang,Wei Gong 한국원예학회 2023 원예과학기술지 Vol.41 No.4

Zanthoxylum armatum (Rutaceae) is an important spice and a traditional medicinal plant in southwest China. Owing to its shallow root system, it is highly susceptible to waterlogging stress. To evaluate how an exogenous salicylic acid (SA) application reduces photosynthetic damage in Z. armatum under waterlogging stress conditions, the content of photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were studied under different SA concentrations (0, 1 and 2 mM) and different numbers of waterlogging days (1, 2 and 3 d) to identify the mechanisms underlying the seedlings’ waterlogging response. The results showed that waterlogging significantly affects the photosynthetic characteristics in leaves. An exogenous SA application increased the contents of photosynthetic pigments as well as the transpiration rate (Tr), net leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), water use efficiency (WUE), actual quantum efficiency (ΦPSII), photosystem II (PSII) maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), PSII photochemical efficiency in light (Fv'/Fm'), and electron transport rate (ETR), whereas the treatment decreased the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) and minimum fluorescence (Fo). Therefore, the SA application helps improve the photosynthetic efficiency and reduce photodamage to Z. armatum in the event of waterlogging stress.

Novel Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Star Polymer Surface-Crosslinked with Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane

Jingyan Zhang,Dong Si,Shifeng Wang,Hao Liu,Xiaoming Chen,Haiou Zhou,Mingdi Yang,Guoying Zhang 한국고분자학회 2020 Macromolecular Research Vol.28 No.2

Novel organic/inorganic hybrid star polymer was prepared dually crosslinked within inner-core via divinylbenzene (DVB) and outer-surface via octafunctional polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS). Core cross-linked star polymers bearing dialkynyl-terminated polystyrene arms, (dialkynyl-PS)n-CCL, were synthesized at first by the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of DVB using α,α-dialkynyl-terminated PS macroinitiator, followed by the subsequent fractionation. Under high dilution conditions, (dialkynyl-PS)n-CCL was subjected to surface cross-linking with octa(3- azidopropyl) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, POSS-(N3)8, via click reaction, affording POSS-functionalized hybrid polymer doubly cross-linked within core and surface regions, SCL-(PS)n-CCL. FT-IR, 1H NMR, GPC, and elemental analysis results revealed that on average, the obtained hybrid polymer possesses a cross-linked PDVB inner core, ~14 linear PS arms (the MW per arm of 5.1 kDa), and ~4-5 POSS moieties at outer surface. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that after surface cross-linking the thermal stability of SCL-(PS)n-CCL is considerably improved. This work provides a proof-of-concept example for the preparation of dually cross-linked hybrid star polymer, which represents a novel category of organic/inorganic composite materials with unique chain architectures.

Responses of Antioxidant Enzyme Activity to Different Fertilizer and Soil Moisture Conditions in Relation to Cold Resistance in Zanthoxylum armatum

Jiangtao Fan,Jingyan Wang,Xianzhi Liu,Changping Zhao,Chaobing Zhou,Tasheen Saba,Jiaojiao Wu,Wenkai Hui,Wei Gong 한국원예학회 2022 원예과학기술지 Vol.40 No.3

Zanthoxylum armatum, known as green prickly ash, is a major condiment species planted on a large scale in southwest China. However, its limited cold tolerance has been a significant disadvantage for its cultivation in low-temperature regions. To better understand the antioxidant enzyme activities related to cold resistance, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content were investigated under 16 fertilizer and soil moisture treatments to explore the cold resistance response mechanism in Z. armatum. The results showed that low temperatures could significantly affect antioxidant enzyme activities in the leaves of Z. armatum seedlings. The antioxidant enzyme activities of seedlings treated with soil moisture and fertilizer treatments were significantly higher than those without fertilizer. Furthermore, the comprehensive evaluation index (CEI) was positively correlated with SOD, POD, and CAT activities but negatively correlated with MDA content. Meanwhile, the treatment T12 (60% field water capacity + 300 kg·ha-1 nitrogen + 30 kg·ha-1 phosphoric anhydride) had the highest CEI value, whereas T1 (20% water capacity) had the lowest. Based on the regression equation for CEI improvement, the predicted optimal levels for field water capacity (FWC), nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were 59.6%–63.4% FWC (average 61.5%), 114.2–248.8 kg N/ha (average 181.5 kg N/ha), 40.1–108.5 kg P2O5/ha (average 74.3 kg P2O5/ha), and 200.2–254.4 kg K2O/ha (average 227.3 kg K2O/ha), respectively. The present study provides the optimal soil moisture and fertilizer concentration required to enhance protective enzyme activity and low-temperature tolerance, which is crucial for improving cold resistance in Z. armatum.

Reliability analysis of degradation with a new independent increment process

Qiong Wu,Jianzhong Yang,Jingyan Wang,Li Xue 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.10

Degradation test is an important method to assess the reliability of complex systems and highly reliable products. The effectiveness ofa degradation model depends strongly on the suitability of the model to describe the process. This paper proposes a new degradationmodel in which the characteristics of the widely used stochastic process and degradation path models are considered simultaneously. According to the proposed model, closed-form expressions of the performance distribution, failure time distribution and their percentiles,as well as reliability, can be obtained easily. A one-stage procedure is then developed to estimate the model parameters, based on which,estimations of the performance distribution, failure time distribution, and reliability are also presented in the paper. Finally, simulationstudies are conducted to validate the proposed method. Results suggest that the method provides precise estimates even for zero-failurecases or an extremely small sample size of approximately five.

Outcomes of Anti-CD19 CAR-T Treatment of Pediatric B-ALL with Bone Marrow and Extramedullary Relapse

Xinyu Wan,Xiaomin Yang,Fan Yang,Tianyi Wang,Lixia Ding,Lili Song,Yan Miao,Xiang Wang,Yani Ma,Chengjuan Luo,Jingyan Tang,Longjun Gu,Jing Chen,Yanjing Tang,Jun Lu,Benshang Li 대한암학회 2022 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.54 No.3

PurposeAnti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy (19CAR-T) has achieved impressive clinical results in adult and pediatric relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). However, the application and effect of CAR-T therapy in B-ALL patients with extramedullary relapse are rarely issued even disqualified in some clinical trials. Here, we examined the efficacy of 19CAR-T in patients with both bone marrow and extramedullary involvement.Materials and MethodsCAR-T cells were generated by transfection of primary human T lymphocytes with a lentiviral vector expressing anti-CD19 single chain antibody fragments (scFvs) with the cytoplasmic domains of 4-1BB and CD3ζ, and used to infuse patients diagnosed as having r/r B-ALL with extramedullary origination. Clinical responses were evaluated by the use of bone marrow aspiration, imaging, and flow cytometry. ResultsEight patients received 19CAR-T infusion and all attained complete remission (CR). Only one patient was bridged to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although three patients relapsed after infusion, they received 19/22CAR-T infusion sequentially and attained a second remission. To date, five patients are in continuous CR and all eight patients are still alive. The mean follow-up time was 21.9 months, while the 24-month estimated event-free survival is 51.4%. Conclusion19CAR-T therapy can lead to clinical remission for extramedullary relapsed pediatric B-ALL patients. However, the problem of CD19+ relapses after CAR-T remained to be solved. For patients relapsing after CAR-T, a second CAR-T therapy creates another opportunity for remission for subsequent HSCT.

The miR-145-5p/CD36 pathway mediates PCB2-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells

Yuan Yuan,Caihua Xue,Qiang Wu,Mengjie Wang,Jiahua Liu,Longfei Zhang,Qianwen Xing,Jingyan Liang,Hua Wu,Zhi Chen 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.2

Background Procyanidin B2 (PCB2) can increase the levels of anti-infammatory and immune mediators. Objectives However, its molecular mechanism in human breast cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor efect of PCB2 on MCF-7 cells and to examine the underlying mechanism. Methods The fow cytometry and EdU incorporation assays were measured the PCB2-induced BMECs. The expression levels of infammatory factors and immune response genes were upregulated in MCF-7 cells, high-throughput sequencing was used to detect diferentially expressed genes in blank and PCB2-treated MCF-7 cells. Results The results showed that PCB2 induced the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. CD36 profles were afected in MCF-7 cells. Additionally, prediction software identifed a miR-145-5p binding site in the CD36 sequence. Luciferase reporter assays and Western blot analysis were used to verify the regulatory relationships between the diferentially expressed miRNA miR145-5p and CD36. MiR-145-5p and its key target (CD36) constitute a potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory pair. Functional studies in MCF-7 cells revealed that CD36 promotes but miR-145-5p inhibits apoptosis. Conclusion Overall, these data suggest that miR-145-5p inhibits the enhancing efect of PCB2 on CD36 expression by binding CD36 and subsequently regulating apoptosis, the immune response and anti-infammatory pathways. These results provide theoretical and experimental support for the treatment of breast cancer.

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization promotes Zanthoxylum armatum ‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao’ fl ower bud diff erentiation in Sichuan, China

Chaobin Zhou,Yu Cai,Zhen’an Yang,Hongmin Wang,Fang Deng,Zeping Bai,Wei Gong,Jingyan Wang 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.4

Chinese prickly ash is an ecologically and economically important tree species. In southwestern China, its yield is low dueto severe fruit and fl ower drop related to the relatively low nutrient status of shoots and/or fl owers caused by a lack of nutrientsupply. Therefore, studies on fl ower bud diff erentiation are of great importance to improve the yield of Chinese pricklyash. An orthogonal experimental design was used to study the eff ects of N (urea, 97.8, 195.7 and 391.3 g/individual), P(superphosphate, 150, 300 and 600 g/individual) and K (potassium sulphate, 83.3, 166.7 and 333.3 g/individual) treatmentson fl ower bud diff erentiation in 3-year-old Zanthoxylum armatum ‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao’ trees. The results showed thatN, P and K fertilizer application signifi cantly increased the fl ower bud diff erentiation rate, branch diameter and number, thesoluble sugar content, the soluble protein content, the C/N ratio, the ABA content and the ABA/IAA ratio but decreasedthe GA content and IAA content in Chinese prickly ash. The fl ower bud diff erentiation rate was positively related to thesoluble sugar content, soluble protein content, C/N ratio and ABA/IAA ratio ( p < 0.05) but negatively related to GA andIAA ( p < 0.05). A higher P content increased the accumulation of nutrients and ABA in the buds, thereby promoting thefl ower bud diff erentiation in Z. armatum ‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao’. From these results, the fl ower bud diff erentiation in Z. armatum ‘Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao’ requires appropriate N, P and K fertilizer ratios and amounts. Treatment 12 (N 2 P 3 K 1 )signifi cantly improved the absorption of nutrients in the buds and promoted the diff erentiation of fl ower buds.