3,4‑Dichloroaniline promotes fatty liver in zebrafish larvae

Ji‑Seon Park,송정아,Jong‑Su Park,이상우,Jieon Lee,Han‑Jin Park,Woo‑Keun Kim,Seokjoo Yoon,Hang‑Suk Chun 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.2

Backgrounds 3,4-Dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA) is a transformation product of herbicides that is commonly used as a reference in developmental toxicity studies (OECD TG 236) (Bonnet et al. in Environ Toxicol 22:78–91, 2007). However, the mechanisms underlying 3,4-DCA-induced hepatotoxicity are not well known. Methods We exposed zebrafish larvae at 72 hpf to 3,4-DCA for 3 days and observed lipid accumulation in liver treated with 10-μM 3,4-DCA using oil red O staining. Subsequently, we performed qRT-PCR analysis to determine the genes involved in the observed lipid accumulation. Results We found that genes related to lipogenesis (srebp1, pparγ, lipin1, and scd1) and ER stress (bip, atf4, ddit3, dnajc3, and edem1) were significantly upregulated. In addition, we found that ROS generation increased in the larvae treated with 10-μM 3,4-DCA. Moreover, glutathione-S-transferase activity in these larvae was increased by 3,4-DCA in a dose-dependent manner, and the expression of the inflammation marker il-1β increased. Conclusion Our results indicated that exposure to 3,4-DCA induced fatty liver in zebrafish larvae and that this, in association with additional factors such as ER stress response, can promote liver damage. We accordingly suggest that 3,4-DCA could be used to induce fatty liver in zebrafish larvae.

보행 시 노인의 상체 움직임에 대한 3차원적 분석

김희수,윤희중,류지선,김태삼 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.3

H. S. KIM, H. J. YOON, J. S. RYU, T. S. KIM. The Three Dimensional Analysis of the Upper Body's Segments of the Elderly during Walking. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 1-15, 2004. The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematic variables of the upper part of the body for 8 elderly men during walking. For this study, kinematic data were collected using a six-camera (240Hz) Qualisys ProReflex system. The room coordinate system was right-handed and fixed in space, with righted orthogonal segment coordinate systems defined for the head, trunk, and pelvis. Based on a rigid body model, reflective marker triads were attached on the 3 segments. Three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates for each marker were determined at the time of recording using a nonlinear transformation(NLT) technique with ProReflex software (Qualisys, Inc.). Coordinate data were low-pass filtered using a fourth-order Butterworth with cutoff frequency of 6Hz. Three-dimensional angles of the head, trunk, and pelvis segment were determined using a Cardan method. On the basis of each segment angle, angle-angle plot used to estimated the movement coordinations between segments. The conclusions were as follows; (1) During the support phase of walking, the elderly people generally kept their head the flexional and abductional posture. Particularly, the elderly displayed little internal/external rotation. (2) The elderly people showed extensional and external rotation postures in the trunk movement. Particularly, It showed the change from adduction into abduction at the heel contact event of the stance phase. (3) The elderly people showed almost same pelvis movement from the flexion into extension, from the abduction into adduction, and from internal rotation into external rotation at the mid stance and toe off of the stance phase.

심혈관계 질환으로 관상질환 집중치료실에 입원한 환자들의 혜후 측정을 위한 APACHEⅢ점수 체계의 임상적 유용성

이공섭,이창선,최현주,홍종서,강지향,김도형,이민영,오인균,김병엽,김상억,김학찬,한승혜,이재용,지영우,안경주 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

자질유인이론적 접근에 따른 양화사 인상

김지숙,양선기 순천대학교 어학연구소 1999 어학연구 Vol.10 No.-

This paper aims to examine how to account for the difference between ambiguity and unambiguity of the scope shown in the quantifier structure. To distinguish ambiguity from unambiguity of scope by raising quantifier, we examine the data presented in Aoun & Li (1989), Aoun & Li (1993), and Pica & synder 91994). Finally, we will try to capture scope analysis by the quantifier raising in English under the Attract-F, minimalist framework. The paper is organized as follows. Section Ⅱ discusses the so - called quantifier raising as α-movement. In section Ⅲ we examine Aoun & Li's(1993) approach to the quantifier raising under economy principle. In section Ⅳ we treat the quantifier raising in terms of the Chain and Case assignment. The tentative results emerging from the minimalist framework, Attract-F theory on the quantifier raising are summarized in section Ⅴ and Ⅵ.

치료시기에 따른 상악골 전방견인효과 : 사춘기전과 사춘기의 비교 A comparison of prepubertal and pubertal patients

김경호,최광철,백형선,이지현 대한치과교정학회 2002 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.32 No.5

상악골 전방견인 장치를 이용한 골격성 Ⅲ급 부정교합 환자의 악정형적 치료에서 치료시기는 치료효과에 지대한 영향을 미칠 수 있으며 이상적인 치료시기는 연구자에 따라 다소의 차이는 있으나 다른 형태의 부정교합보다는 다소 이른 사춘기 이전의 어린 나이라는 것이 선학들의 공통된 의견이었다. 하지만 통계적 자료들을 바탕으로 한 최근의 논문들은 과거 선학들의 의견을 뒷받침 해주는 논문과 그렇지 않은 논문들로 나뉘고 있어 이상적 치료시기에 대한 정립된 의견이 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 119명의 환자들의 수완부골 방사선 사진을 평가하여 골성숙도에 따라 사춘기전군과 사춘기군으로 분류하고 치료전후 측모두부방사선 사진을 분석하여 상악골 전방견인에 대한 치료효과를 비교하였다. 평균 치료기간은 사춘기전군은 6.5개월, 사춘기군은 6.1개월이었으며 치료전후의 측모두부방사선 사진을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 상악골의 전방이동양은 사춘기전군과 사춘기군간에 차이에 없었다. 2. 상악골의 하방이동양은 사춘기전군과 사춘기군간에 차이가 없었다. 3. 하악골의 하방이동양과 후하방회전양은 사춘기전군과 사춘기군간에 차이가 없었다. 4. 치성이동양은 사춘기전군과 사춘기군간에 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 사춘기전 뿐 아니라 사춘기에서도 상악골 전방견인에 의해 상악골 성장촉진과 함께 성공적인 악정형 치료가 가능함을 알 수 있었다. Treatment timing is a very important factor to consider in treating skeletal Class Ⅲ patients by means of maxillary protraction. According to the literature maxillary protraction should be carried out at an early age before puberty. However, no scientific data were presented to support this statement and recent studies supported by statistical data showed disagreement concerning the optimum treatment time of maxillary protraction. Therefore, there is no agreement about the optimum treatment time of maxillary protraction. In this study hand-wrist X-rays were taken from 119 patients and subjects were grouped into prepubertal and pubertal group according to their skeletal maturity . Preagreement and posttreatmrnt lateral cephalometric X-rays were taken and treatment effects were compared. The average treatment time was 6.5 months for the prepubertal group and 6.1 months for the pubertal group. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The amount of maxillary forward movement was the same for prepubertal and pubertal group. 2. The amount of maxillary downward movement was the same for prepubertal and pubertal group. 3. The amount of mandibular downward and backward rotational movement was the same for prepubertal and pubertal group. 4. Dental effects were the same for prepubertal and pubertal group.

문헌정보학 교과과정의 비교·분석

김지선 충남대학교 사회과학대학 문헌정보학과 1997 文獻情報學論集 Vol.7 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze change process by means of curriculum in library & information science and to compare curriculum change of each college. For this study, It collect library & information science curriculum from manual of each colleges from 1975 to 1995. Since Yonsei University was established in 1957, Library & information science in university has been established thirty-two University by 1995. The number of established curriculum is increased respond to current of time and advantage of knowledge. Mnasory area, management area of NATIS program is analyzied. Each university is similar to curriculum and the number of courses. Therefore, this study provied as with the same advice as follows: Mansory area should include Research method of library & information science course, Massmedia and society course, Archive Preservation course. Management area should include Library Policy course, Finance and Personal Management course, Electronic Library. Material are should include Manangement of Archives course, Collection Development course, Special Subject Material course.

테두리방귀버섯(Geastrum fimbriatum)과 비단빛깔때기버섯 (Clitocybe candicans) 등 한국산 담자균류 10종의 임파아구생성 촉진 효과

김현진,이지선,정경수 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2000 藥學論文集 Vol.16 No.-

As an effort to find out potent antitumor immunomodulatory agents from Korean basidiomycetes, the protein-polysaccharide fractions were prepared from ten mushrooms - Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus, flammulina velutipes, Lentius edodes, Macrolepiota procera and Coriolus versicolor - and subjected to a flow cytometrical analysis for their lymphoblastogenic activity on the in vitro cultured mouse splenic lymphocytes. As a result, Geastrum fimbriatum and Clitocybe candicans showed remarkable lymphoblastogenic effect, the maximum stimulatory index of them being 3.73 and 2.52, respectively, whereas the others showed minimal effects.

아케이드형 재래시장의 배연성능에 관한 연구

김태연,김광호,노지웅,김병선 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the smoke eliminating performance of an arcade-type conventional market. In this study, the effect of the openings for the ventilation about the smoke eliminating performance was analyzed. For the fire simulation, the air flow caused by high-buoyance effect should be considered. CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) method and compressible k-ε model was used in this study. The indoor temperature and the smoke concentration could be lowered by the openings of the arcade.

영어의 구 강세와 리듬교체에 관한 연구

김지숙,양선기 순천대학교 어학연구소 1997 어학연구 Vol.8 No.-

Metrical theory is mainly concerned with the study of stress and rhythm. The regular repetition of English stressed syllables should be simplified by a rhythm rule. This paper aims to systematize English phrase stress and rhythm through some generalized rules, comparing metrical theory with optimality theory. In this paper, three metrical theories will be introduced to explain why such rhythmic alternation occurs. Relating to this, the bracketed-grid theory proposed by Hayes (1995) gives us the most appropriate explanation with the faithfulness condition and the continuous column constraint which are based on the principle of head-modifier projection. And then we will examine the alternation of English phrase stress applying the movement of English phrase stress to optimality theory.

사무공간의 통합유니트 구축을 위한 조명유니트 도출에 관한 연구

김선숙,신선준,김지현,양인호,김광우 대한건축학회 2005 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study is to develop the lighting units for workspace and to propose their application method at the architectural design stage The lighting unit is one of the components of a workspace integrated unit, which can be defined as the planning unit satisfying the environmental comfort criteria of workspace According to the survey of current domestic and foreign office buildings, the luminaire layout types could be classified into the line, spot and square type Various simulation cases were set up considering these layout types, architectural modules, and luminaire types Finally, forty-four lighting units were developed by RADIANCE simulation With these lighting units, the designer would be able to easily predict how his decision about architectural modules influences the lighting design, and can consider other alternatives