비만환자의 전기지방분해침 시술 후 허리둘레 감소에 대한 임상적 고찰

김정환 ( Jeong Hwan Kim ),고연석 ( Youn Seok Ko ),이정한 ( Jeong Han Lee ),원재균 ( Jea Kyun Won ),신병철 ( Byung Cheul Shin ),권영달 ( Young Dal Kwon ),송용선 ( Yung Sun Song ) 한방재활의학과학회 2005 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Objectives : To see if there were any differences in waist circumference reduction when certain variable such as age, sex, BFR(BFR; Body Fat Rate), PIBW(PIBW; Percent Ideal Body Weight), WHR(WHR; Waist Hip Ratio) and BMI(BMI; Body Mass Index) were given. Methods : Among outpatients who admitted to department of Oriental Rehabilitation Medicine, Jeon-Ju Oriental Medicine Hospital, Won-kwang University from August 2003 to september 2004, 89 obese patients were chosen and electroacupunture was practiced to these groups in order to treat abdominal obesity and waist circumference reduction. Results : There were no significant correlation between sex, age and waist circumference reduction. Compared to groups who had shown lower BMI, higher BMI groups have shown greater change in waist circumference reduction. As BFR increase waist circumference reduction tended to increase as well. Conclusions : From the above results, higher BMI groups had shown greater change in waist circumference reduction compared to lower BMI groups.

슈프락스 캅셀 (세픽심 100 mg)에 대한 세피린 캅셀의 생물학적 동등성

정은주,강원구,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1999 藥學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Bioequivalence of two cefixime capsules, test drug (Cepirin^R capsule: Cheiljedang Corp.) and reference drug (Suprax^R capsule: Dong A Pharm. Com.), was evaluated according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Sixteen healthy volunteers were divided randomly into two groups and administered the drug orally at the dose of 400mg as cefixime in a 2×2 crossover study. There was a 1-week washout period between the administrations. Blood samples were taken at predetermined time intervals for 12 hour and the plasma concentration of cefixime was determined with a HPLC method. AUC_0-12hr (area under the plasma concentration-time curve form time zero to 12 hour), C_max(maximum plasma drug concentration) and T_max (time to reach C_max) were estimated from the plasma drug concentration-time data. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed no difference in AUC1-12hr, C_max and T_max between the formulations. The apparent differences of these parameters between the formulations were less than 20% (i.e., 8.62, 11.10 and 0.00% for AUC_0-12hr C_max and T_max, respectively). The powers (1-β) for AUC_0-12hr C_max and T_max. Were over 0.9. Minimal detectable difference (Δ) at α=0.05, 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (i.e., 12.84, 11.05 and 17.99% for AUC_0-12hr C_max and T_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals(delta) for these parameters were also within ±20% (i.e., -0.53≤δ≤17.76. 3.23≤δ 18.97 and -12.81≤δ≤12.81 for ACU_0-12hr C_max and T_max, respectively). These results satisfied the criteria of KFDA guideline for bioequivalence, indicating the two formulations of cefixime were bioequivlent.

영동포도의 유통실태 및 경재력 향상에 관한 연구

권원달,최동주,정진영 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 農業科學硏究 Vol.17 No.-

Yongdong region is semi-mountainous area. The sea levels of Yongdong-gun is around 100∼300m, the annual average temperature is 11.5℃ and the annual average difference of temperature between day and night is 10∼15℃. Thus the weather conditions of Yongdong region was suitable for grape production especially in sweetening and coloring of grape during ripening season. To promote commodity attributes of Yongdong Grape it is needed to introduce grading, standardization, improving packing and using a trade-mark. To open and extend new market it is necessary activating shipping organization, selecting practicalize market supplying marketing information, advertising, and publicizing. There were three grape processing companies in Yongdong-Gun. They were mostly small sized and purchased and used only 877 M/T (2.9% of total production) of grapes as a raw materials. These grape processing companies produced very low added value because they sold there product as OEM, or at consumer market. Present grading and packing system which is managed by individual producer base is needed to introduce cooperative inspection system which units of grape shipping organization or regional cooperatives take part in inspection. Also introducing cooperative recording and accounting system would maximize internal economic effects of marketing. Future scope and function of cooperative grape farm organization of Youngdong-Gun would develop from partial cooperative organization which produce and pack grape by individual base but inspect, ship and trade by cooperative system to whole cooperative organization of which scope and function is expended to common brand of grape and Yongdong-gun level organization. Establishing information and publication's post in Yongdong-Gun building, constructing grape theme park and opening grape festival which is needed to attract tourist are needed to encourage and promote advertisement and publicity of Yongdong Grape.

보리등겨로 제조한 간장의 향기성분

권오준,이은정,최웅규,손동화,이석일,정연건,지원대 한국위생과학회 2002 한국위생과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

새로운 장류제품으로서 보리등겨의 이용방안을 모색하기 위하여 간장을 만들어 연구하였다. 보리로 제조한 간장의 갈색화는 점차적으로 증가 하였으며 완만한 변화를 보였다. 향기성분으로는 4-vinyl-2-methoxy-phenol, benzeneacetaldehyde, palmitic acid, 2-furancatboxaldehyde, methyl-9, 12-octadecadienoate, di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, diethyl phtalate, dibytyl-1,2-benzenedicatboxylate, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 3,4-dimethyl-1h-pyrazole, phenylethyl alcohol, dioctyl-hexanedioate, dimethyl-1,2-benzenedicatboxylate, benzaldehyde, methional, 2-methoxy-phenol, n-furfurylidene-3-methylbutyl amine, 1-furfuryl-2-formyl pyrrole, tetradrcanoic acid, 5-methyl-pyrimidine, 4-methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-imidazole, maltol, 5-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde 순으로 높은 함량을 차지 하였다. For investigation of new utilization as jang-products, kanjang was prepared using barely bran. This study was conducted to investigate flavor components of kanjang during fermentation time. The optical density was gradually increased. Among the flavor components identified in kanjang made with barley bran, the contents of 4-viny1-2-methoxy-phenol was the most in quantity followed by benzeneacetaldehyde, palmitic acid, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, methyl-9,12-octadecadienoate, di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, diethyl phtalate, dibutyl-1,2-benzendicarboxylate, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 3,4-dimethyl-1h-pyrazole, phenylethyl alcohol, dioctyl-hexanedioate, dimethyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, benzaldehyde, methional, 2-methoxy-phenol, n-furfurylidene-3-methylbutyl amine, 1-furfuryl-2-formyl pyrrole, tetradecanoic acid, 5-methyl-pyrimidine, 4-methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-imidazole, maltol and 5-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)methyl-2-furancarboxaldegyde.

하수에서 분리한 합성세제 분해균의 특성

정민선,전진경,정영건,이해경,권오진,지원대,김관배 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.1

대구시와 경산시의 하수에서 음이온계 합성세제인 sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)와 sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS)를 유일한 탄소원으로 이용하는 균주 289종을 분리하고 이중 합성세제 분해력이 강한, 그람음성 간균으로 운동성인 8균주를 선정하여 그 선정균들의 특성을 조사하였다. 선정균은 40℃ 이상에서는 생육하지 못하였으며 생육 최적 pH는 균주간에 다소 차이가 있었으며 pH 4.0 이하에서는 선정균 모두 생육치 못하였다. 질소원으로는 SDS분해균의 생육에는 potassium nitrate가, SDBS 분해균의 생육에는 soytone이 좋았다. SDS 분해균인 DS-3, 6, 8, 24 및 SDBS 분해균인 BS-7, 8은 세제농도가 5.0% 이상에서도 생육이 가능하였다. 선정균들은 tetracycline에 감수성이 강한 것으로 나타났지만 penicillin에는 강한 내성을 띠는 것으로 나타났고, ??와 ??금속이온은 모든 선정균들의 생육을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. On purpose to isolate the organisms, which would utilize detergents(sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, SDBS) as a sole carbon source, from the waste water of Kyungsan and Taegu city 289 strains were isolated. Among them 8 strains, which are gram negative rods with motility and produce strong enzyme to biodegrade the synthetic detergents, were selected. The characteristics of them were investigated as follows, 8 strains were failed to grow above the temperature of 40℃ and below the pH 4.0 even though they have variable optimum pH. Potassium nitrate was very effective for the growth of SDS-biodegradable strains and soytone was effective for the growth of SDBS-biodegradable strains as a sole nitrogen source. Among 8 strains especially DS-3, DS-6, DS-8 and DS-24(SDS-biodegradation strains) and BS-7 and BS-8(SDBS-biodegradation strains) could grow above 5.0% of detergent concentration. All of 8 strains were very sensitive to tetracycline but resistant to penicillin. Selected 8 strains were inhibited by metal ions of ??(0.156mg/㎖) and ??(0.156mg/㎖).

이미지 분석에 의한 콘크리트의 공극 분포 및 공기량 분석

권혁찬,정원경,윤경구 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.A

Air voids in hardened concrete have an important influence on concrete durability such as resistance of freezing and thawing, permeability and surface scaling resistance. Linear traverse method and point count method in ASTM standard method have been widely used to estimate the air void system in hardened concrete. However, these methods are not used at present time, because they are is exhausted much time and effort. In previous study, air voids system of concrete was estimated by spacing factor. The purpose of this study organizes image analysis method by analyzing air contents, air voids distributions by diameters, air voids system as well as spacing factors after hardened concrete. The experimental variables institute of depth of specimen(top. middle, bottom), air contents(AE contents 0, 0.01, 0.03%).

LC/MS/MS 분석법을 이용한 Amlodipine의 약물동태연구

서정원,윤민혁,강원구,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2007 藥學論文集 Vol.22 No.-

The aim of this study were to confirm the analysis method and also to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters of amlodipine in human volunteers. In an open-label single-dose pharmacokinetic study, a group, consisting of 24 healthy volunteers, received single oral dose of 5mg amlodipine. Blood sample were taken for up to 120 hours. The concentration of amlodipine in these body fluids was determinated using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method with tandem mass spectrometry. Amlodipine and ketoconazole, an internal standard, were extracted from plasma using ethyl acetate in the presence of 0.1M sodium carbonate. After drying the organic layer, the residue was reconstituted in mobile phase(acetonitrile : water = 70 : 30 v/v (0.1% formic acid)) and injected onto a Zorvax C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 3.5 ㎛ particles). The isocratic mobile phase was eluted at 0.2ml/min. The ion transitions monitored in multiple reaction-monitoring mode were m/z 410.10 → 294.95 and 532.11 → 81.95, respectively. The coefficient of variance of the assay precision was less than 12%, and the accuracy exceeded 99.1%. The limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/ml. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with non-compartmental(AUC, C_(max), T_(max), CL_(t), V/F) and compartmental(K_(el), K_(a), t_(lag)) pharmacokinetic analysis using WinNonlin program. The estimated means of AUC_(0-120hr), C_(max) and T_(max) were 196.90 ± 5.02 ng·hr/ml, 3.36 ± 0.09 ng/ml and 10.44 ± 0.61 hr, respectively. The means of other pharmacokinetic parameters(V/F, CL_(t), K_(el), K_(a) and t_(lag)) were 1208.06 ± 50.61 L, 25.39 ± 0.65 L/hr, 0.2806 ± 0.0294 hr^(-1), 0.0210 ± 0.0008 hr-1 and 0.4574 ± 0.0635 hours, respectively.

정신분열병 환자에서의 한국어판 사회적응 척도의 개발 : 신뢰도 및 타당도 연구

김철권,서지민,김상수,조진석,하준선,김정옥,변원탄 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

연구목적: 정신분열병 환자의 사회적응 정도를 측정하는데 사용되는 사회적응 척도의 한국어판을 개발하기 위함이다. 방 법: 사회적응 척도를 번역한 후 정신분열병 환자 67명과 정상인 78명을 대상으로 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 결 과: 자료분석 결과 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 0.85, 검사자간 신뢰도는 0.89, 내적 일치도는 0.87로 높은 수치였다. 변별 타당도를 검증하기 위하여 정신분열병 환자군과 정상 대조군을 비교한 결과 정신분열병 환자군에서 사회적응 정도가 유의하게 낮았다. 구성 타당도를 알아보기 위하여 10개 영역간의 상관관계를 측정한 결과 성적적응 영역을 제외한 모든 영역들에서 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 본 척도의 전반적 평가 영역 결과와 GAF 결과간의 상관성을 통해 간접적으로 검증한 공존 타당도 역시 유의하였다. 결 론: 한국판 사회적응 척도는 우수한 신뢰도와 타당도가 입증되었고 나아가 정신분열병 환자의 사회적응 정도를 평가하는데 유용하게 사용되어질 수 있을 것이다. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop the Korean version of the Social Adjustment Scale Ⅱ-Revised Version(KSAS Ⅱ-RV) in the schizophrenics. Methods: KSAS Ⅱ-RV was administered to 67 schizophrenic patients and 78 matched normal controls for examining the reliability and validity. Results: Data analysis showed statistically significant reliabilities and validities of KSAS Ⅱ-RV. The test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, and internal consistency for total scores of KSAS Ⅱ-RV were 0.85, 0.89. and 0.87, respectively. Evidence for discriminant validity of KSAS Ⅱ-RV comes from the results that the mean scores of schizophrenic patients were significantly high than those of normal controls. Construct validity was assessed by calculating the 10 inter-subareas correlations of the KSAS Ⅱ-RV, and all except the sexual adjustment area were statistically significant. Significant correlations between the global area scores of KSAS Ⅱ-RV and those of Global Assessment of Functioning Scale lend support for the concurrent validity of this instrument indirectly. Conclusions: KSAS Ⅱ-RV was found to be a valid and reliable instrument which can be used to evaluate the degree of social adjustment in the schizophrenic patients.

정신분열병 환자 자녀에서의 위스콘신 카드분류 검사

김철권,변원탄,장우석,장정희,조진석,김명정 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

연구목적 : 위스콘신 카드분류 검사가 정신분열병의 취약지표를 측정하는 도구로 이용될 수 있는지를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 방 법 : 중고등학교 재학생인 정신분열병 환자의 자녀 28명과 부모중 한 명이 알코올 의존증으로 정신과적 치료를 받고 있는 환자의 자녀 18명, 그리고 정신과학적으로 건강한 부모의 자녀 41명을 대상으로 위스콘신 카드분류 검사를 시행하여 세 군간에 그 결과를 서로 비교하였다. 결 과 : 위스콘신 카드분류 검사에서 세 군간에 총 시행 횟수, 총 정답반응 퍼센트, 총 오답반응 퍼센트, 보속반응 퍼센트, 보속 오답반응 퍼센트, 비보속 오답반응 퍼센트, 개념수준 반응 퍼센트, 완성한 범주 수, 첫 범주를 완성하기까지의 시행 횟수, 한 분류범주를 지속하지 못한 횟수, 그리고 학습 효율성 등과 같은 모든 변인에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 정상 대조군의 하위 10%에 해당되는 총 정답반응 퍼센트 점수를 절단점으로 삼아 세 군에서 그보다 낮은 점수를 얻은 피검자들의 숫자를 확인한 결과 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과는 위스콘신 카드분류 검사에 의해 정신분열병의 유전적 취약지표를 찾아낼 수 없다는 가능성을 강하게 시사한다. In order to evaluate whether Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST) could be used to detect the vulnerability markers of schizophrenia, three groups such as offsprings of schizophrenic patients(n=28), offsprings of alcoholic patients(n=18), and offsprings of psychiatrically normal persons(n=41) were examined for their concept formation and abstract thinking by means of WCST. The results were as follows ; 1) No significant differences were noted in all variables of the WCST such as number of total administered trials, total correct response %, total error response %, perseverative response %, perseverative error response %, nonperseverative error response %, conceptual level response %, number of completed category, number of trials to complete lst category, number of failure to maintain a set, and learning to learn among three groups. 2) There was no difference in the number of cases with extreme low WCST total correct % of lower 10% of the normal controls among three groups. These results suggest that WCST could be an ineffective instrument for using to detect the vulnerability markers of schizophrenia.

정신분열병 환자 자녀에서의 주의력 장애

김철권,조현기,장정희,강동호,조진석,김명정,변원탄 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 정신분열병 환자의 자녀들과 알코올 의존증 환자의 자녀, 그리고 정신과학적으로 건강한 부모의 자녀들을 대상으로 연속 작업수행력 검사를 이용한 정보처리 과정에서의 지속적 주의력에 관한 사항과 정보 감지능력 검사를 이용한 정보 처리과정에서의 감각등록에 관한 사항을 측정하고 세 군간에 그 결과를 서로 비교하여 차이 유무를 검증하기 위함이다. 연구 대상은 정신분열병 환자의 자녀 28명을 대상군으로 그리고 알코올 의존증 환자의 자녀 18명과 정신과학적으로 건강한 부모를 둔 중고등학생 41명을 대조군으로 하였다. 연구 방법은 대상군 및 두 대조군 모두에게 연속 작업수행력 검사와 정보 감지능력 검사를 순차적으로 시행한 후 그 결과를 서로 비교하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 연속 작업수행력 검사에서는 대상군이 두 대조군에 비해 맞춘 횟수와 비율이 유의하게 낮았고 놓친 횟수는 반대로 유의하게 높았다. 가장 중요한 변인인 민감도는 대상군이 두 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 2) 연속 작업수행력 검사에서 시간 경과에 따른 각 변인의 변화를 보면 맞춘 횟수와 비율에서 대상군이 두 대조군에 비해 시간이 경과할수록 유의하게 감소하였다. 민감도 역시 시간이 경과할수록 대상군이 두 대조군에 비해 유의하게 감소하였다. 3) 연속 작업수행력 검사의 민감도, 정보 감지능력 검사에서의 정답반응 횟수에서 정상 대조군의 분포 곡선중 하위 10% 수치를 절단점으로 잡아 그 수치 이하를 보이는 대상 숫자를 비교해 보면 연속 작업수행력 검사에서만 정신분열병 환자의 자녀군과 정상 대조군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 4) 대상군, 정상 대조군, 대상군중 연속 작업수행력 검사의 민감도가 하위 10% 이하에 속하는 군의 MMPI를 서로 비교한 결과 세 군간에 MMPI의 모든 변인에서 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 5) 정보 감지능력 검사에서는 대상군이 두 대조군에 비해 정답반응과 오답반응을 보이기까지 걸린 평균 시간이 유의하게 길었다. 이상의 연구결과를 통해 저자들은 정신분열병의 발병 위험성이 높은 정신분열병 환자의 자녀군이 알코올 의존증 환자의 자녀군이나 정신과학적으로 건강한 부모를 둔 대조군보다 지속적 주의력에서 결손이 있음을 발견하였고 나아가 이와 같은 지속적 주의력에서의 결손이 정신분열병의 한 가능한 취약지표가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. In order to study the possible vulnerability in the markers of schizophrenia, offsprings of the schizophrenic parents(n=28), offsprings of the alcohol dependent parents(n=18), and offsprings of the psychiatrically normal persons(n=41) were examined for their sustained attention and sensory register by means of Continuous performance test(CPT) and Span apprehension task(SPAN) respectively. The results were as follows : 1) The offsprings of the schizophrenic parents showed a significant deficit in the sustained attention as manifested in the data of CPT by significantly lower hit rate and sensitivity, compared with the offsprings of the alcohol dependent parents and those of the psychiatrically normal persons. No difference was evident in the false alarm rate and response bias among three groups. There was no difference in all variables of the CPT between the offsprings of the alcohol dependent parents and those of the psychiatrically normal persons. 2) The deficit in the sustained attention as revealed by lower hit rate and sensitivity was not apparent in the first part of the CPT. However it emerged and aggravated itself as the test continued in the offsprings of the schizophrenic parents only. 3) Proportion of subjects falling in the extreme low sensitivity of lower 10% of the normal controls was significantly higher in the offsprings of the schizophrenic parent group as compared with the offsprings of the alcohol dependent parents and those of the psychiatrically normal persons with a rate of 29%, 17%, and 10% respectively. 4) No significant difference was noted in all variables of MMPI among normal controls, index group, and the extreme low CPT sensitivity subgroup of index group. 5) The offsprings of the schizophrenic parents showed a significantly delayed response in the time to correct and incorrect response in SPAN compared to the offsprings of the alcohol dependent parents and those of the psychiatrically normal persons. No difference was evident in the number of correct response, number of incorrect response, and number of no response among three groups. There was no difference in all variables of the SPAN between the offsprings of the alcohol dependent parents and those of the psychiatrically normal persons. These results suggest that a subgroup of the offsprings of schizophrenic parents may suffer from the deficit in the sustained attention which may be a vulnerability marker of schizophrenia.