Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance and Mutations in the Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV Genes in <i>Salmonella</i> Isolated from 12 Tertiary-Care Hospitals in Korea

Jeong, Haeng Soon,Kim, Jeong A.,Shin, Jeong Hwan,Chang, Chulhun L.,Jeong, Joseph,Cho, Ji-Hyun,Kim, Mi-Na,Kim, Sunjoo,Kim, Young Ree,Lee, Chae Hoon,Lee, Kyungwon,Lee, Mi Ae,Lee, Wee Gyo,Shin, Jong Hee Mary Ann Liebert 2011 Microbial drug resistance Vol.17 No.4

Historicist View and Confucian Repertoire in Late Chosôn : A Southerner Prism

Joseph Jeong-il Lee 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2009 International Journal of Korean History Vol.14 No.-

지금까지 한국사에서 이익과 안정복의 역사 인식 및 역사 서술은 얼마나 탈주 자학적으로 전개되었는가에 초점이 맞추어져 왔다. 여기에는 조선 후기 지성사를 사후적으로 소급해서(retrospective) 재구성하는 근대지향적 시각이 전제되어 있는 것이다. 본고는 이익과 안정복의 역사인식 및 역사 서술을 보다 당대의 맥락에서 이해하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 구체적으로, 조선 후기에 나타난 지식 생산과 역학관계의 상관성을 중심으로 이익과 안정복이 남인(南人)의 사회정치적 헤게모니 재건과 유지를 위하여 어떻게 유교 담론을 이용하였는가에 주목한다. 이익의 유교 역사주의적 비평은 당시 노론(老論) 계에서 나온 정치현실과 보편적 리(理)의 구현을 동일시하는 현재주의적 이념공세에 대한 전략적 대응이란 측면에서 재조명되고 있다. 안정복의 고대 조선에 대한 새로운 서술에서는 그가 조선 유교 문명의 기원을 단군 이전인 동이족으로까지 연결하면서 기존의 비유교적 기억들을 어떻게 유교적인 것들로 대체하고 보완하였는가에 주안점을 두고 있다. 이러한 유교적 과거의 재창조도 단순히 조선의 역사에서 유교국가의 기원을 밝히고자 했던 것이 아니라 유교적 절서의 유구성을 강조함으로서 사(士) 헤게모니의 역사성을 재확인하고 이를 통하여 사 집단의 일원으로서의 남인의 입지를 공고히 하려는 노력의 일환이었다고 생각된다. 이와 같이, 새로운 역사주의적 관점을 구축하는 과정에서 이익과 안정복이 이론적 소재와 장치들을 유교 레파토리에서 전략적이고 선별적으로 가져다 자신들의 어젠다에 맞게 이용한 사실은 남인학계의 역동성을 또 다른시각에서 살필 수 있는 계기가 될 수 있다고 본다. 그리고, 이는 조선 후기적 문맥(Chas?n-focused context) 속에서 사 지식인들이 유교 담론을 어떻게 실용적으로 내재화하였는가를 연구하는 데에도 도움이 될 것이다.

결핵균 약제감수성 검사의 비용효율성에 관한 다기관 연구

정석훈,이대동,최재철,김선주,신정환,정윤성,이은엽,오승환,배길한,장철훈 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.1

목적 : 우리나라에서의 결핵균 감수성 검사는 검출 균주의 일부에서만 시행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 모든 검출 균주들에 대해서 감수성검사를 실시하면서, 진료에 필요한 결과를 충분히 제공하고 경제적이면서 현실적인 감수성검사 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 재료 및 방법 : 5개 대학병원에서 일정기간 연속적으로 의뢰된 502균주의 감수성 결과를 분석하였다. 검사결과의 해석 및 2차 약제 감수성검사의 필요성은 NCCLS approved standard M24-A의 권고 기준에 따라 판단하였다. 결과 : 최소한 1가지 이상의 약제에 내성을 보인 경우는 초치료 환자의 10% (38/363), 재치료 환자의 61%(85/139)였으며, 다약제 내성을 보인 경우는 초치료 환자의 3% (11/363), 재치료 환자의 44% (61/139)였다. NCCLS 권고에 따라 2차 약제에 대한 감수성 검사를 시행하지 않아도 되는 경우는 초치료 환자의 96%, 재치료환자의 47%였다. 결론 : 초치료 환자는 95%에서 1차 약제에 대한 검사만으로 충분하므로 필요한 경우에만 2차 약제를 추가로 검사하고 재치료 환자에서는 1, 2차 약제를 동시에 검사할 필요가 있을 것으로 생각한다. Background : The anti-mycobacterial susceptibility test is performed on only a small percentage of clinical isolates in Korea. The aim of this study is to propose an anti-mycobacterial susceptibility testing scheme, which is not only economic and practical but also fully informative to physicians. Materials and Methods : The anti-mycobacterial susceptibility test results of 502 strains, isolated from five university-affiliated hospitals, were analysed. The interpretation of the results and the need for second-line drug susceptibility test were judged according to the recommendation of NCCLS M24-A guidelines. Results : The isolates from 10% (38/363) of treatment-navie patients and 61% (85/139) of retreatment patients showed resistance to at least one of the anti-mycobactial agents; 3% (11/363) and 44% (61/139) of isolates from each group were multi-drug resistant. According to the recommendation by NCCLS, the percentage of patients not needing the susceptibility test results for second-line drugs were 96% for treatment-naive and 47% for re-treatment patients. Conclusion : Since the susceptibility test against first-line drug is sufficient for 95% of treatment-navie patients with tuberculosis patients, susceptibility test against second-line drugs may be performed only when it is necessary. As for the re-treatment patients with tuberculosis, susceptibility test for both first-line and second-line drugs should be performed simultaneously.

영남 지역에서 분리된 폐렴구균의 항균제 감수성

정윤성,신정환,장철훈,손한철,정석훈,이용성,김병국,이채훈,김성률 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

배경 : Penicillin 내성 폐렴구균의 분리율이 증가하고 있으며 내성균에 의한 중증 감염은 치료에 대한 반응이 나쁘다. 이에 본 연구에서는 영남지역에 있는 병원들의 임상 검체에서 분리된 폐렴구균들 대상으로 항균제 감수성 검사를 실시하여 폐렴구균에 의한 감염증의 적절한 치료에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 방법 : 영남지역의 5개 병원에서 분리된 폐렴구균 61균주를 대상으로 디스크 확산법 또는 한천희석법으로 감수성 검사를 실시하였다. 결과 : Oxacillin 디스크를 이용한 penicillin 감수성 검사에서는 내성율이 91.2%였고 한천희석법에서는 감수성 9.8%, 중등도 및 고도 내성 각각 37.7%, 52.5%였다. 디스크 확산법에서 6개의 감수성 균주 중 한 개를 찾아내는데 실패하여 16.7%의 major error를 나타내었다. Ceftriaxone은 감수성 45.9%, 중등도 및 고도 내성 각각 42.6%, 11.5%였다. Penicillin과 ceftriaxone에 모두 내성인 경우는 전체의 54.1%, penicillin 내성 균주의 60.0%였다. 디스크 확산법에 의한 감수성 검사에서 vancomycin은 모두 감수성이었고, chloramphenicol 21%, erythromycin 82%, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 79%, tetracycline 84%의 내성을 보였고 다약제 내성율은 59%였다. 결론 : 영남 지역 임상 검체에서 분리된 폐렴구균의 항균제 내성 비율이 매우 높아서 폐렴구균에 의한 중증 감염증의 적절한 치료를 위해서는 penicillin 이외의 여러 항균제에 대한 감수성 검사가 반드시 필요하다고 생각한다. Background : The resistance rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin has been rapidly increasing worldwide, and treatment failures coupled with severe infections due to penicillin-resistant S. pnemoniae have been reported. In this study, we evaluated antimicrobial susceptibilities of S. pnemoniae isolated from clinical specimens in the Southeastern area of Korea. Methods: A total of 61 pneumococcal isolates obtained from patients who visited or were admitted to 5 hospitals in the Southeastern area of Korea during the period 1997 to 1998. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for 61 isolates were performed using disk diffusion or agar dilution methods. Results : Penicillin susceptibility tests showed that 91.8% and 90.2% of isolates were not susceptible to penicillin by oxacillin disk diffusion and dilution methods, respectively. Moderate and high level resistance rate to penicillin were 37.7% and 52.5%, respectively. Using the oxacillin disk diffusion method, we failed to find one among 6 penicillin-susceptible isolates, with 16.7% major error. Moderate and high level resistance rate to ceftriaxone were 42.6% and 11.5%, respectively. The concomitant resistance rate to penicillin and ceftriaxone was 54.1% of the total and 60.0% of penicillm-resislant isolates. Resistance rates of the isolates to vancomycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline were 0%, 21%,82%, 79%, and 84%, respectively. Multidrug-resistance to three or more classes of antimicrobials was 59.0%. Conclusion: In this study, we revealed that extremely high resistance rate of 5. pneumoniae to many antimicrobial agents in Southeastern area of Korea. Therefore, accurate susceptibility tests to penicillin, 3rd generation cephalosporin and other antimicrobial agents are highly recommended for adequate treatment of severe pneumococcal infections.

Polarimetric Fiber Vibration Sensor Based on Polarization-Diversified Loop Using Short Polarization-Maintaining Photonic Crystal Fiber

Jeong, Jun Hyeok,Choi, Sungwook,Lee, Seul-Lee,Jeong, Sun Jae,Christian, Nouaze Joseph,Kim, Jihoon,Kang, Hyun Wook,Nam, Seung Yun,Oh, Junghwan,Lee, Yong Wook American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.17 No.11

<P>In this paper, we demonstrated a polarimetric fiber vibration sensor based on a polarization-diversified loop (PDL) with short polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM-PCF) as a sensor head and investigated the dependence of its frequency response on the sensing fiber length. The fabricated PM-PCF vibration sensor is composed of a polarization beam splitter for forming the PDL, PM-PCF as a sensor head, and two wave plates such as a quarter-wave plate and a half-wave plate. A laser diode and a photodetector were also utilized for intensity-based vibration measurement. In particular, two kinds of PM-PCF segments with fiber lengths of similar to 6 and similar to 10 cm were employed to explore the effect of the sensor head length on the sensor frequency response. The frequency response was examined over 1-3000 Hz using a piezoelectric transducer that can apply single-frequency vibration to the sensor head. Every measured frequency response showed a resonance peak at each sensor head length, and cut-off frequencies were measured as similar to 1240 and similar to 794 Hz for PM-PCF lengths of similar to 6 and similar to 10 cm, respectively. That is, a higher cut-off frequency was obtained in a shorter sensor head length. Moreover, it was observed that the sensor head length dependence of the frequency response was maximized in a frequency range from 1000 to 2400 Hz and faded away beyond 2400 Hz. From the measurement results, it is concluded that the short sensor head can provide higher normalized sensitivity, i.e., better signal to noise ratio, at frequencies higher than the resonance frequency, let alone convenience of installation and in sensitiveness to external perturbations in a PDL-based PM-PCF vibration sensor. The phase shift per unit strain and the minimum detectable strain perturbation, regarded as sensitivity and resolution, were measured as similar to 0.377 mrad/mu epsilon and similar to 0.16 n epsilon/Hz(1/2) at 2000 Hz for similar to 6-cm-long PM-PCF, respectively.</P>

Biohydrogen production from marine algae

Jeong-Hoon PARK,Sang-Hyoun KIM,Yong Jin KIM,Hee-Deung PARK,Chang-Jun CHA,Dong Jung LIM,Kyeong-Keun OH,Joseph SONG,Jeong-Jun YOON 한국생물공학회 2011 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.4

Inducible Mouse Models for Cancer Drug Target Validation

Joseph H. Jeong 대한암예방학회 2016 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.21 No.4

Genetically-engineered mouse (GEM) models have provided significant contributions to our understanding of cancer biology and developing anticancer therapeutic strategies. The development of GEM models that faithfully recapitulate histopathological and clinical features of human cancers is one of the most pressing needs to successfully conquer cancer. In particular, doxycycline-inducible transgenic mouse models allow us to regulate (induce or suppress) the expression of a specific gene of interest within a specific tissue in a temporal manner. Leveraging this mouse model system, we can determine whether the transgene expression is required for tumor maintenance, thereby validating the transgene product as a target for anticancer drug development (target validation study). In addition, there is always a risk of tumor recurrence with cancer therapy. By analyzing recurrent tumors derived from fully regressed tumors after turning off transgene expression in tumor-bearing mice, we can gain an insight into the molecular basis of how tumor cells escape from their dependence on the transgene (tumor recurrence study). Results from such studies will ultimately allow us to predict therapeutic responses in clinical settings and develop new therapeutic strategies against recurrent tumors. The aim of this review is to highlight the significance of doxycycline-inducible transgenic mouse models in studying target validation and tumor recurrence.

Lycorine의 사람 구강 암 세포주에서 survivin 단백질 분해 증진으로 세포자멸사

Joseph H. Jeong,Nam-Pyo Cho,Boonsil Jang 대한구강악안면병리학회 2017 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.41 No.1

Lycorine, a natural alkaloid extracted from the Amaryllidaceae plant family, was reported to various physiological and pharmacological effects including anti-cancer activity. Nevertheless, there is no report of the anticancer effect of lycorine in oral cancer cells. The effects of lycorine on cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined through trypan blue exclusion assay, 4’-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) stain, Live/Dead assay, Western blot analysis and RT-PCR. Lycorine suppressed cell viability and induced apoptosis in MC3 and HSC-3 cell lines. Lycorine decreased survivin protein but did not affect its mRNA. It regulated survivin through accelerating protein degradation in a time-dependent manner although neither proteasome nor lysosome was not associated with lycorine-mediated protein degradation. Collectively, our results suggest that lycorine may be a potential therapeutic anti-cancer drug candidate for the treatment of human oral cancer.

Molecular characterization of a T cell co-stimulatory receptor, CD28 of rock bream (<i>Oplegnathus fasciatus</i>): Transcriptional expression during bacterial and viral stimulation

Jeswin, Joseph,Jeong, Seon-Myeong,Jeong, Ji-Min,Bae, Jin-Sol,Kim, Mu-Chan,Kim, Do-Hyung,Park, Chan-Il Elsevier 2017 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.66 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>CD28 is a co-stimulatory receptor that provides a critical second signal alongside T cell receptors for the activation of naive T cells. We characterized the CD28 gene of rock bream, which has a deduced amino acid sequence of 221 residues with an extracellular Ig-superfamily V domain, transmembrane region, and cytoplasmic tail. The conservation in domain structures and other motifs shows that it is highly likely that RbCD28 is a homologue of mammalian CD28 and may have related co-stimulatory functions. RbCD28 is constitutively expressed in most tissues that were analysed, with a relatively higher expression in teleost lymphoid organs, such as spleens, gills, trunk kidneys and skin. Unlike human CD28, RbCD28 is highly expressed in skin and gill-associated lymphoid organs. Although gills showed constitutive expression of RbCD28 in control animals, after a pathogen challenge, induction of CD28 was low, particularly in RSIV and <I>E. tarda</I> infection. Whereas induction of RbCD28 was observed in kidney during <I>E. tarda</I> and <I>S. iniae</I> infection, downregulation was observed during RSIV infection. In the case of the liver, <I>E. tarda</I> caused an initial upregulation of RbCD28. RbCD28 activation of T cells in the spleen was limited to <I>S. iniae</I> infection. Activation of RbCD28 observed in lymphoid organs during infection of various pathogens shows its key role as a co-stimulatory receptor of T cells.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CD28 a T cell costimulatory receptor is identified in Rock bream. </LI> <LI> Conservation in domain and motifs shows that RbCD28 is a homolog of mammalian CD28. </LI> <LI> It was highly expressed in various teleost lymphoid organs including gill and skin. </LI> <LI> <I>E. tarda</I>, <I>S. iniae</I> and RSIV infection caused differential expression of RbCD28 in lymphoid organs. </LI> <LI> Activation of RbCD28 in lymphoid organs during infection shows its key role as a costimulatory receptor of T cells. </LI> </UL> </P>

편광 유지 광결정 광섬유 주축의 각도별 굽힘 특성을 이용한 편광 간섭형 광섬유 곡률 센서

정선재(S. Jeong),김지훈(J. Kim),최성욱(S. Choi),정준혁(J. Jeong),이슬이(S. Lee),Nouaze Joseph Christian,이용욱(Y.W. Lee) 대한전기학회 2016 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.10