Depletion of adipocyte Becn1 leads to lipodystrophy and metabolic dysregulation

Yaechan Song,Young Jin,Yul Ji,Sung Sik Choe,Yong Geun Jeon,Heeju Na,Tae Wook Nam,Hye Jeong Kim,Hahn Nahmgoong,Sung Min Kim,Jae-woo Kim,Ki Taek Nam,Je Kyung Seong,Daehee Hwang,Chan Bae Park,In Hye Lee 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Macroautophagy is a catabolic process that delivers damaged and unnecessary cytosolic contents to lysosomes for removal of defective subcellular organelles and proteins. Becn1 is a key regulator of autophagy, forming a complex with class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-III) to initiate autophagosome formation. Although Becn1 has been implicated in numerous diseases such as cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disease, its function in mature adipocytes remains elusive. In this study, we implemented Adipoq-Cre to generate adipocyte-specific Becn1 KO (BaKO) mice to identify the function of autophagy in adipose tissue homeostasis. BaKO mice naturally developed severe lipodystrophy and metabolic dysregulation, which were exacerbated upon high dietary fat intake. These mice also acquired adipose tissue inflammation, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance which advanced to early mortality. Immortalized stromal vascular cells (imSVCs) were established in-vitro to conditionally knock-out Becn1 upon tamoxifen treatment. Ablation of Becn1 in adipocytes led to programmed cell death in a cell-autonomous manner, accompanied by elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress gene expression. Furthermore, we observed that Becn1 depletion sensitized mature adipocytes to ER stress through activation of protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK) – eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eiF2α) axis. This led to excessive unfolded protein response (UPR) and accelerated cell death through notable induction of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and Bax expression. Taken together, these data suggest that adipocyte-Becn1 would serve as a crucial player for adipocyte survival and adipose tissue homeostasis.

The effect of alpha lipoic acid in a porcine in-stent restenosis model

Lim, Sang Yup,Bae, Eun Hui,Jeong, Myung Ho,Kim, Ju Han,Hong, Young Joon,Sim, Doo Sun,Kim, Yong Sook,Park, In Kyu,Ahn, Youngkeun,Song, Sun-Jung,Cho, Dong Lyun,Kim, Kyoung Seok,Kang, Jung Chaee Elsevier 2009 Journal of cardiology Vol.54 No.3

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alpha lipoic acid (α-LA) on a porcine in-stent restenosis (ISR) model.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>In protocol 1, porcine vascular smooth muscle cells (PVSMC) were stimulated by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the presence or absence of α-LA. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl] 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and western blotting were used to determine the cell growth inhibitory rate and anti-inflammatory effect associated with nuclear factor-κb (NF-κb) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In protocol 2, 28 days after balloon overdilation injuries, 24 bare metal stents were placed in coronary artery of 12 pigs. The pigs were randomly divided to receive control diet with or without α-LA (100mg/kg). In protocol 3, 8 control stents and 8 α-LA coated stents were randomly implanted in 2 coronary arteries of 8 pigs and follow-up coronary angiogram and histopathologic assessment were performed 4 weeks after stenting.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Protocol 1. The proliferation of PVSMC was inhibited and protein expression of NF-κb and ERK were attenuated by α-LA pretreatment. Protocol 2<I>.</I> On histopathologic analysis, the neointimal area (4.0±1.0mm<SUP>2</SUP> vs. 1.5±0.7mm<SUP>2</SUP>, <I>p</I><0.001) and histopathologic area of stenosis (66.7±10.7% vs. 24.2±9.7%, <I>p</I><0.001) were reduced in the α-LA feeding group compared to controls. Protocol 3. On histopathologic analysis, the neointimal area (3.9±0.8mm<SUP>2</SUP> vs. 1.0±0.4mm<SUP>2</SUP>, <I>p</I><0.001), and the histopathologic area of stenosis (67.1±8.8% vs. 17.4±10.0%, <I>p</I><0.001) were reduced in the α-LA coated stent group compared to the control stent group.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>α-LA feeding and α-LA coated stents inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in porcine ISR, possibly through inhibiting the activation of NF-κb pathway and proliferation of PVSMC.</P>

도축부산물로부터 회수한 단백질의 물리화학적 성질 및 석시닐화 ( Succinylation )

송인상(In Sang Song),유익종(Ick Jong Yoo),강통삼(Tong Sam Kang),송계원(Kae Won Song) 한국축산학회 1984 한국축산학회지 Vol.26 No.3

For the utilization of protein isolates from swine liver, lung and bone in food, biochemical properties and microbiological safety of the alkaline-extracted protein isolates were examined. Chemical modification (succinylation) was attempted in order to increase the functional properties of protein isolates. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The amino acids composition of the liver protein isolates was quite excellent except valine and isoleucine but other protein isolates had generally lower amino acids contents than FAO/WHO recommended chemical score. Especially, sulfur-containing amino acids were found to be a limiting amino acid. 2. During the extraction, protein seemed to undergo non-covalent interaction and disulfide bond formation bt in-vitro pepsin digestibility of the protein isolates was found to be 80-98%. The protein isolates had a very low amount of calcium and riboflavin. 3. Through succinylation of protein by succinic anhydride during alkaline extraction, the protein recovery, the solubility of the protein in distilled water, emulsion capacity, the oil absorption, the water hydration and whippability of the protein isolates were increased in some degrees. 4. The number of microorganisms in liver and lung were decreased dramatically during the alkaline extraction and protein isolates could be stored for longer than 15 days at-15℃.

공군사관생도의 심폐능력에 따른 심리 · 생리요인 비교

김인기(In-ki Kim),김건희(Gun-hee Kim),송성우(Sung-woo Song),최가람(Ga-ram Choi),엄장원(Jang-won Eom),곽재준(Jae-jun Kwak),유영남(Young-nam You),정덕화(Deok-hwa Jeong),강지훈(Ji-hun Kang) 육군사관학교 화랑대연구소 2019 한국군사학논집 Vol.75 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in psychological and physiological factors between groups by classifying groups based on the 3km running record of fourth grade Air Force Academy cadets. Among the top 46 Air Force Academy cadets who wanted to participate in the study, the study conducted an open survey of the top 13 and the bottom 15 who wanted to provide the data prior to the study. The subjects of the experiment and in-depth interview were studied by a total of 18 people, 9 of each upper and lower members who wished to participate in the study. Psychological factors were structured through inductive content analysis of data extracted from in-depth interviews, and physiological factors were conducted to verify differences between groups of body composition and cardiopulmonary function. The psychological factors of the upper and lower groups were found to be general areas of performance strategy, achievement motivation, emotional response, military spirit, situation perception, and basic physical strength. In the detailed areas, the subjects were also examined in 15 areas including physical fitness indicators, confidence, condition control, task orientation, and positive self-perception. As a result of comparison between upper and lower groups, the upper group was 2.2 times higher than the lower group and the lower group was 1.7 times higher than the upper group in the military spirit and performance strategy of the general area response rate. In general area response, the ratio of mental strength and confidence was different in the general area of military spirit. In addition, the upper group in the achievement motivation showed a high percentage of task tendency at 47%, while the lower group showed a high rate of zero motivation at 50%. In the emotional response, the upper group showed an equal ratio, while the lower group showed an 81% ratio of negative emotions. In the overall response by sub-region, the negative emotions of the subgroup were high at 28%. In the body composition, BFM showed a statistically significant difference between upper and lower groups, and Weight, FFM, and SMM did not show any significant difference between groups. In cardiopulmonary capacity, VO2max showed a statistically significant difference between upper and lower groups, and VE and LT did not show significant differences between groups.

물체 자세 추정기를 이용한 지능형 로봇의 테이블 정리 서비스 개발

최정현(Jung-Hyeon Choi),송성호(Sung-Ho Song),배혜림(Hye-Lim Bae),전현진(Hyun-Jin Chun),신희원(Hee-Won Shin),김인철(In-Cheol Kim) 한국정보기술학회 2022 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2022 No.6

최근 4차 산업 혁명 및 코로나19로 인해 비대면 서비스 시장의 수요가 증가하고 있으며, 전 세계적으로 로봇을 이용한 다양한 서비스들이 개발되고 있는 추세이다. 본 논문에서는 사람 대신 로봇이 테이블 위에 놓인 물체들을 적절한 수거함들로 옮겨 테이블을 정리해주는 지능형 로봇 서비스를 구현함으로 목표로 한다. 효과적인 목표 서비스 개발을 위해, 본 연구에서는 딥러닝 기반의 심층 물체 자세 추정기를 이용해 물체들의 실시간 위치를 파악하고, 시멘틱 웹 기반의 지능형 로봇 체계를 활용하여 작업 환경에서 동적 상황 정보를 추론해낸다. Recently, due to the 4th Industrial Revolution and COVID-19, demand in the non-face-to-face service market has been increasing and there is a trend to develop various useful robot services around the world. In this paper, we aim to develop an intelligent robot service that the robot cleanups a table by picking and placing objects placed on the table into proper bins instead of human users. In order to develop the target service effectively, we use a deep learning-based object pose estimator to find out real-time pose of individual objects, and make use of a robot intelligence framework based on semantic web technology to infer dynamic context from the task environment.

Is renal replacement therapy necessary in deceased donor liver transplantation candidates with hepatorenal syndrome?: a 2-year experience at a high-volume center

Gil-Chun Park,Shin Hwang,Dong-Hwan Jung,Gi-Won Song,Chul-Soo Ahn,Ki-Hun Kim,Deok-Bog Moon,Tae-Yong Ha,Young-In Yoon,Hui-Dong Cho,Jae-Hyun Kwon,Yong-Kyu Chung,Sang-Hyun Kang,I-Ji Jung,Jin Uk Choi,Sung- 대한외과학회 2020 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.98 No.2

Purpose: Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a fatal complication in patients with end-stage liver disease awaiting liver transplantation (LT). HRS often develops in patients with high model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score. This study investigated the outcomes of peritransplant management of HRS in a high-volume LT center in Korea for 2 years. Methods: A total of 157 recipients that deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) from January 2017 to December 2018 were included. In-hospital mortality (IHM) was analyzed in relation to pre- and posttransplant application of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Results: Primary diagnoses for DDLT were alcoholic liver disease (n = 61), HBV-associated liver cirrhosis (n = 48), retransplantation for chronic graft failure (n = 24), and others (n = 24). Mean MELD score was 34.6 ± 6.2 with 72 patients at Korean Network for Organ Sharing MELD status 2 (45.9%), 43 at status 3 (27.4%), 36 at status 4 (22.9%), and 6 at status 5 (3.8%). Pretransplant RRT was performed in 16 patients (10.2%) that did not show IHM. Posttransplant RRT was performed in 69 patients (44.0%), for whom IHM incidence was 15.9%. In 53 patients that had undergone de novo posttransplant RRT, IHM incidence increased to 20.8%. IHM in the 88 patients not requiring RRT was 2.3%. Conclusion: The majority of adult DDLT recipients in Korean MELD score-based allocation system have very high MELD scores, which is often associated with HRS. Pretransplant RRT appears to improve posttransplant survival outcomes. We thereby recommend that, if indicated, pretransplant RRT be performed while awaiting DDLT.

본태성 고혈압에서의 혈중 Atrial Natriuretic Peptide 농도와 Renin - Aldosterone 계의 상관관계에 대한 연구

신현호(Hyun Ho Shin),박원근(Won Kun Park),한인권(In Kwon Han),김은주(Eun Joo Kim),김선우(Sun Woo Kim),송정상(Jung Sang Song),배종하(Jong Hoa Bae),최영길(Young Kil Choi) 대한내과학회 1987 대한내과학회지 Vol.32 No.6

N/A Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) has been shown to posseses a variety of important biologic activities, in- cluding natriuresis, relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, and reduction in aldosterone secretion. This raises the possibility that ANP may play a part in the regulation of volume homeostasis and may be involved in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. We investigated the relationship of ANP and reninaldosterone system in 12 normal subjects and 24 patients with essential hypertension. The results were as follows; 1) Plasma levels of ANP in patients with essential hypertension were significantly higher than in normotensive controls (131.1±21.7pg/ml VS 102.3±17.4 pg/ml). 2) There were no significant difference in plasma renin activity or aldosterone levels between normotensive and hypertensive subjects. 3) The patients with low renin essential hypertension had a tendency of increased ANP concentration, compared with high renin hypertension patients. 4) Plasma levels of ANP were positively and significantly correlated with blood pressure (Systolic r=0.38, p<0.05; diastolic r=0.49, p<0.005). These results suggests that increased secretion of ANP in essential hypertension may be a compensatory response to a diminished capacity for sodium excretion.

Factors Associated with Indeterminate and False Negative Results of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test in Active Tuberculosis

( Ki Won Cho ),( Eun Ha Cho ),( Soo Hoon Kwon ),( Sang Hyuk Im ),( In Sohn ),( Sook Hee Song ),( Hyeok Kim ),( Su Hyun Kim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.72 No.5

Background: The sensitivities and specificities of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) vary among different population studies, and the data on the routine use of IGRAs are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) test in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis. Methods: We conducted a prospective study, enrolling 77 patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), at a secondary care teaching hospital in Seoul. Results: In total, 12 (15.6%) patients showed indeterminate results due to positive control failure on the QFT-GIT test. Indeterminate results were significantly associated with the elderly, history of the intensive care unit stay, lymphocytopenia, especially low CD4 count, increased C-reactive protein and decreased protein levels. Of the 77 patients, 44 (57.1%) were diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis, and the percentage of false negative results of the QFT-GIT was 36.4% (vs. 31.8% with TST). In the TB group with >65 years old (n=12), the proportions of the indeterminate (33.3% vs. 3.1%) and the false negative results (58.3% vs. 25.0%) of the QFT-GIT were significantly higher than in the younger TB group (n=32). Conclusion: Indeterminate and false negative results of QFT-GIT test were not infrequent in tuberculosis, especially in the elderly. Care should be considered for the interpretation with the elderly, immunocompromised, chronic and severely diseased patients.

만성 궤양성 대장염의 추적관찰 - 단기적 치료 반응 및 재발율을 중심으로

장동경(Dong Kyung Chang),이국래(Kook Lae Lee),김재규(Jae Gyu Kim),김용태(Yong Tae Kim),정현채(Hyun Chae Jung),송인성(In Sung Song),최규완(Kyoo Wan Choi),김정룡(Chung Young Kim),박재갑(Jae Gahb Park),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),최상운(Sa 대한소화기학회 1994 대한소화기학회지 Vol.26 No.6

N/A Our retrospective study on 240 cases with chronic ulcerative colitis in Seoul National Uni- versity Hospital spanning from January,1975 to December,1993 revealed the following results. According to the extent of disease, there was 27.5% in proctitis, which was more frequent than that of the previous domestic reports, 15.8% in distal, 22.9% in left and 31.7% in exten- sive colitis. According to the severity of disease, there was 47.5% in mild, 32.9% in moderate and 19.6% in severe disease. There was a positive correlation between severity and extent of disease. The extraintestinal complications were not related with the extent, or severity. Howev- er 3 cases(1.3%) of toxic megacolon appeared in moderate or severe extensive colitis, one of which progressed to perforation. Two cases(0.8%) of mortality were noticed, one caused by perforation, the other by operation related complication. There was not a single case of colon cancer developed during follow up period. Most cases showed excellent short term response to medical treatment; the symptomatic remission rates were 90.3%, 85.7%, 72.9% and 58.9% in order of proctitis, distal, left and extensive colitis, and the endoscopic remission rates were 78.8%, 50.0%, 59.1% and 30.0% respectively. Higher remission rates corresponded with lower extent of the disease. According to the severity, the symptomatic remission rates of milder dis- ease were significantly higher. The cumulative relapse rates were 38.7% in 1 year, 62.4% in 2 years, 73.3% in 3 years and 81.9% in 5 years, which were not related to the extent but in- creased according to the severity. The cumulative operation rates were 5.0% in 1 year, 7.6% in 2 years, 10.2% in 3 years and 15.9% in 6 years. The emergency operation accounted for only 22.2% of all operation and the others were elective ones. The most frequent indication of surgery was medical intractability which was determined after mean 35 days of intensive med- ical therapy. We concluded that severity and extent of ulcerative colitis had predictive value of the responses to medical treatment or relapses, furthermore despite the high relapse rates, medical therapy was the first line treatment because of its high remission rates on a short- term base. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1994; 26: 907 918)

Factors Associated with Indeterminate and False Negative Results of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test in Active Tuberculosis

Cho, Ki-Won,Cho, Eun-Ha,Kwon, Soo-Hoon,Im, Sang-Hyuk,Sohn, In,Song, Sook-Hee,Kim, Hye-Ok,Kim, Su-Hyun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.72 No.5

Background: The sensitivities and specificities of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) vary among different population studies, and the data on the routine use of IGRAs are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) test in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis. Methods: We conducted a prospective study, enrolling 77 patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), at a secondary care teaching hospital in Seoul. Results: In total, 12 (15.6%) patients showed indeterminate results due to positive control failure on the QFT-GIT test. Indeterminate results were significantly associated with the elderly, history of the intensive care unit stay, lymphocytopenia, especially low CD4 count, increased C-reactive protein and decreased protein levels. Of the 77 patients, 44 (57.1%) were diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis, and the percentage of false negative results of the QFT-GIT was 36.4% (vs. 31.8% with TST). In the TB group with >65 years old (n=12), the proportions of the indeterminate (33.3% vs. 3.1%) and the false negative results (58.3% vs. 25.0%) of the QFT-GIT were significantly higher than in the younger TB group (n=32). Conclusion: Indeterminate and false negative results of QFT-GIT test were not infrequent in tuberculosis, especially in the elderly. Care should be considered for the interpretation with the elderly, immunocompromised, chronic and severely diseased patients.